Abstract
Landscape and memory—Barcelona’s “medieval splendor.” Girona and the Jews. The walls of Besalú. The Church in space and time—Vic and Oliba, Montserrat’s monks, and other stories of the historic activism of Catalan priests. Land and lordship. The Catalan agricultural estate, the mas. Medieval realities, pre-modern hardships, and modern make-believe. Quermançó. Castells, Fuet, and waving flags. Tourists and the medieval imaginary.
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Notes
- 1.
Josep María Garcia Fuentes, “Dissecting Montserrat: On the Cultural, Religious, Touristic, and Identity-Related Construction of the Modern Montserrat,” in Tourism, Religion and Culture: Regional Development through Meaningful Tourism Experiences, ed. Ana Trono (Lecce: Congedo Editore, 2009), 239–260.
- 2.
I am following here the formulation found in Pierre Nora , “Between Memory and History: Les lieux de mèmoire,” Representations 26 (1989): 7–25.
- 3.
Without any effort at comprehensiveness, I suggest the following for useful overviews and serious reading about cultural geography, imaginary cartographies, and the relationship of place and memory: M. Bakhtin, The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays, trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1981); Michel De Certeau, The Practice of Everyday Life, trans. Steven Rendall (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984), esp. “Part III: Spatial Practices”; Steven Hoelscher and Derek H. Alderman, “Memory and Place: Geographies of a Critical Relationship,” Social and Cultural Geographies 5 (2004): 347–355; John Brinckerhoff Jackson, A Sense of Place, A Sense of Time (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1994); William Cronon, Uncommon Ground: Toward Reinventing Nature (New York: Norton, 1995); Peter Jackson and Jan Penrose, eds., Constructions of Race, Place, and Nation (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994); David Lowenthal , “Past Time, Present Place: Landscape and Memory,” Geographical Review 75 (1975): 1–37; Edward Said, “Invention, Memory, and Place,” Critical Inquiry 26 (2000): 175–192; Edward W. Soja, Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Critical Social Theory (New York: Verso, 1989); Yi-Fu Tuan, Space and Place: The Perspective of Experience (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1977). A useful overview is provided by Kelly Baker, “Identity, Memory and Place,” The Word Hoard 1 (2002), available online, accessed November 1, 2017, http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/wordhoard/vol1/iss1/4
- 4.
Nathan Wachtel, “Memory and History: Introduction,” in History and Anthropology 12 (1986): 207–224, at 216. Kevin Keogan, Immigrants and the Cultural Politics of Place (El Paso, TX: LFB Scholarly Publishing, 2010), 62.
- 5.
Alexander Alland, Jr. and Sonia Alland, Catalunya, One Nation, Two States: An Ethnographic Study of Nonviolent Resistance to Assimilation (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006), identify the similarities and differences in the people living in two neighboring communities, once part of greater Catalonia, that became divided by French and Spanish territorial treaty boundaries in 1659.
- 6.
Typing “Tió de Nadal” into a search engine will result in colorful images and descriptions as well as examples of the “shit log” song customarily sung by children at Christmastime.
- 7.
John Elliott , The Revolt of the Catalans, 30–40.
- 8.
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, World Heritage Convention, “Catalan Romanesque Churches of the Vall de Boí,” n.d., accessed November 1, 2017, http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/988
- 9.
Information about the exhibition and an image of the painting can be found at Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya, “A Visit to the Romanesque in the Company of Antoni Tàpies ,” 2013, accessed November 1, 2017, http://www.museunacional.cat/en/visit-romanesque-company-antoni-tapies
- 10.
Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya, “Romanesque Picasso,” 2016, accessed November 1, 2017, http://www.museunacional.cat/en/romanesque-picasso
- 11.
Martí Gironell i Gamero, “A Magical Journey Through Jewish Besalú,” June 22, 2014, accessed November 1, 2017, http://www.gotosefarad.com/a-magical-journey-through-the-jewish-history-of-besalu/
- 12.
One among the many general-interest websites that offer photo archives of a great number of castles and towers is Salillas.net, “Castells Medievales,” last modified August 21, 2016, accessed on November 1, 2017, http://salillas.net/castillos/index.htm
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Vargas, M.A. (2018). Castle, Coast, and Cathedral. In: Constructing Catalan Identity. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76744-4_5
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