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Silica Materials Containing Cyclodextrin for Pollutant Removal

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Cyclodextrin Applications in Medicine, Food, Environment and Liquid Crystals

Abstract

This chapter reviews the use of cyclodextrin-silica hybrid systems and cyclodextrin-functionalized silica used as adsorbents or filters for the removal of inorganic and organic pollutants from aqueous solutions in solid-phase extraction and adsorption-oriented processes. Actually, there is a need to develop efficient processes for the synthesis and application of multifunctional silica-based materials for pollutant removal by adsorption or filtration, and for sample purification and concentration using solid-phase extraction.

On one hand, of silica-based adsorbents are low-cost, robust inorganic solids having large surface areas, high porosity, and excellent mechanical, physical and chemical properties, and wide possibilities of functionalization due to silanol reactivity. On the other hand, cyclodextrins are natural molecules obtained from the enzymatic degradation of starch. They belong to the family of cage molecules due to their structure which is composed of a hydrophobic cavity that can encapsulate other molecules. Cyclodextrin-functionalized silicas usually display improved access to the binding sites because the moieties are located on the external surface of the material. In cyclodextrin-silica hybrid systems prepared through sol-gel or self-assembly process, cyclodextrin molecules are located within the framework of nanoporous silicas. Here, both high cyclodextrin loadings, robust structures and higher surface area are observed. Cyclodextrin-based silica materials have strong binding affinities for chemical substances such as metal ions, dyes, pesticides, and drugs.

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Abbreviations

AAm:

Acrylamide

APTES:

3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane

BET:

Brunauer-Emmett-Teller

BPA:

Bisphenol A

CD:

Cyclodextrin

CPMAS:

Cross-polarization magic angle spinning

CTAB:

Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide

EDS:

Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

EPI:

Epichlorohydrin

FSM:

Folded sheets mechanism

FT-IR:

Fourier transform infrared

GPTS:

Glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane

HMDI:

Hexamethylene diisocyanate

HMS:

Hexagonal mesoporous silica

MCM:

Mobil crystalline materials

MCT-CD:

Monochlorotriazinyl-cyclodextrin

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MSU:

Michigan State University

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

PAAM:

Polyacrylamide

PAH:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

PCB:

Polychlorobiphenyls

SBA:

Santa Barbara amorphous

SDS:

Sodium dodecylsulfate

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

TEOS:

Tetraethylorthosilane

TGA:

Thermogravimetric analysis

Triton X-45:

A nonionic surfactant

VOC:

Volatile organic compounds

XPS:

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

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Morin-Crini, N., Fourmentin, M., Fourmentin, S., Torri, G., Crini, G. (2018). Silica Materials Containing Cyclodextrin for Pollutant Removal. In: Fourmentin, S., Crini, G., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Cyclodextrin Applications in Medicine, Food, Environment and Liquid Crystals. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 17. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76162-6_6

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