Abstract
Minimally invasive surgery has become an integral part of surgical treatment owing to extensive benefits for both patients and medical professionals. As technology has continuously progressed, robotic surgery systems have been developed to address limitations in laparoscopic technology in hopes of improving surgeon performance and patient outcomes. Robotic surgery has consequently shown tremendous growth in the past 20 years but has come under scrutiny for adverse events in part related to inadequate surgical skill. Indeed, unlike simulation training for laparoscopic skill acquisition, training in robotic surgery outside the operating room has not been widely integrated. Appropriate training, which ensures surgeon competency, is essential to implement safe surgery. With the aim of standardization in robotic surgery training, a proficiency-based progression curriculum, the Fundamentals of Robotic Surgery (FRS), was developed. FRS is the result of several consensus conferences by over 80 robotic surgery experts and academicians from around the world. This chapter highlights features and advantages of robotic surgery systems and describes the outline of the FRS curriculum.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Suggested Readings
Lendvay TS, Hannaford B, Satava RM. Future of robotic surgery. Cancer J. 2013;19(2):109–19.
Smith R, Patel V, Satava R. Fundamentals of robotic surgery: a course of basic robotic surgery skills based upon a 14-society consensus template of outcomes measures and curriculum development. Int J Med Robot. 2014;10(3):379–84.
Chang L, Satava RM, Pellegrini CA, Sinanan MN. Robotic surgery: identifying the learning curve through objective measurement of skill. Surg Endosc. 2003;17(11):1744–8.
References
Satava RM. Surgical robotics: the early chronicles: a personal historical perspective. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2002;12(1):6–16.
Fisher S, McGreevy M, Humphries J, Robinett W. Virtual environment display system. In: Crow F, Pizer S, editors. Proceedings of the workshop on interactive 3-dimensional graphics. New York: ACM; 1986. p. 1–12.
Himpens J, Leman G, Cadiere G. Telesurgical laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc. 1998;12(8):1091.
Wormer BA, Dacey KT, Williams KB, Bradley JF 3rd, Walters AL, Augenstein VA, et al. The first nationwide evaluation of robotic general surgery: a regionalized, small but safe start. Surg Endosc. 2014;28(3):767–76.
Annual report 2016. Intuitive Surgical Inc. http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=122359&p=irol-irhome. Accessed 12 Apr 2017.
Valverde A, Goasguen N, Oberlin O. Fundamentals of robotic surgery or of robotic-assisted telemanipulated laparoscopy. J Visc Surg. 2014;151(3):213–21.
Kenngott HG, Muller-Stich BP, Reiter MA, Rassweiler J, Gutt CN. Robotic suturing: technique and benefit in advanced laparoscopic surgery. Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol. 2008;17(3):160–7.
Bhayani SB, Andriole GL. Three-dimensional (3D) vision: does it improve laparoscopic skills? An assessment of a 3d head-mounted visualization system. Rev Urol. 2005;7(4):211–4.
Hubert N, Gilles M, Desbrosses K, Meyer JP, Felblinger J, Hubert J. Ergonomic assessment of the surgeon’s physical workload during standard and robotic assisted laparoscopic procedures. Int J Med Robot. 2013;9(2):142–7.
van der Schatte Olivier RH, Van’t Hullenaar CD, Ruurda JP, Broeders IA. Ergonomics, user comfort, and performance in standard and robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery. Surg Endosc. 2009;23(6):1365–71.
Shah SR, Mirza DF, Afonso R, Mayer AD, McMaster P, Buckels JA. Changing referral pattern of biliary injuries sustained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Br J Surg. 2000;87(7):890–1.
Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery. http://www.flsprogram.org/. Accessed 5 Jun 2017.
Sroka G, Feldman LS, Vassiliou MC, Kaneva PA, Fayez R, Fried GM. Fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery simulator training to proficiency improves laparoscopic performance in the operating room-a randomized controlled trial. Am J Surg. 2010;199(1):115–20.
da Vinci Robot Lawsuit. Surgical Watch. http://surgicalwatch.com/davinci-robot/lawsuit/. Accessed 15 May 2017.
Alemzadeh H, Raman J, Leveson N, Kalbarczyk Z, Iyer RK. Adverse events in robotic surgery: a retrospective study of 14 years of FDA data. PLoS One. 2016;11(4):e0151470.
Ferrarese A, Pozzi G, Borghi F, Marano A, Delbon P, Amato B, et al. Malfunctions of robotic system in surgery: role and responsibility of surgeon in legal point of view. Open Med (Wars). 2016;11(1):286–91.
Chang L, Satava RM, Pellegrini CA, Sinanan MN. Robotic surgery: identifying the learning curve through objective measurement of skill. Surg Endosc. 2003;17(11):1744–8.
Zorn KC, Gautam G, Shalhav AL, Clayman RV, Ahlering TE, Albala DM, et al. Training, credentialing, proctoring and medicolegal risks of robotic urological surgery: recommendations of the society of urologic robotic surgeons. J Urol. 2009;182(3):1126–32.
Lendvay TS, Hannaford B, Satava RM. Future of robotic surgery. Cancer J. 2013;19(2):109–19.
Fundamentals of Robotic Surgery. http://frsurgery.org/. Accessed 15 Apr 2017.
Smith R, Patel V, Satava R. Fundamentals of robotic surgery: a course of basic robotic surgery skills based upon a 14-society consensus template of outcomes measures and curriculum development. Int J Med Robot. 2014;10(3):379–84.
Brunner WC, Korndorffer JR Jr, Sierra R, Dunne JB, Yau CL, Corsetti RL, et al. Determining standards for laparoscopic proficiency using virtual reality. Am Surg. 2005;71(1):29–35.
Seymour NE, Gallagher AG, Roman SA, O’Brien MK, Bansal VK, Andersen DK, et al. Virtual reality training improves operating room performance: results of a randomized, double-blinded study. Ann Surg. 2002;236(4):458–63.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mizota, T., Dodge, V.G., Stefanidis, D. (2018). Fundamentals of Robotic Surgery. In: Palazzo, F. (eds) Fundamentals of General Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75656-1_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75656-1_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-75655-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-75656-1
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)