Abstract
In traumatic brain injury (TBI), rapid head acceleration resulting from a blow or fall results in detrimental brain tissue deformation. These types of injuries are frequent and can have devastating effects. Understanding the relationship between acceleration and deformation is a challenging and essential step towards designing effective preventive strategies. This study describes patterns of acceleration-induced brain deformation in a group of human volunteers (n = 7). Unlike previous research, the analysis herein involved spatiotemporal analysis of 3D kinematics. In each subject, tagged magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was acquired during a mild acceleration event, and displacements were extracted using a mechanically regularized motion estimation algorithm. This technique involved registering an anatomical template (a finite-element mesh) to all of the subjects allowing translation of scalar strain projections back to the template to be averaged. Our results show that, in individuals, weighting acceleration measurements by the subject’s brain volume improves the correlation between acceleration magnitude and deformation (R 2 of 0.66 in the weighted comparison, compared to 0.34). In individuals, and the group, brain deformation peaked after the peak acceleration, and near the interface between the brain and the skull. However, some deformation was also observed near medial brain structures, which supports the idea that the falx plays a role in transferring mechanical power to the middle of the brain.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Shaw NA (2002) The neurophysiology of concussion. Prog Neurobiol 67:281–344
Siedler DG, Chuah MI, Kirkcaldie MTK, Vickers JC, King AE (2014) Diffuse axonal injury in brain trauma: insights from alterations in neurofilaments. Front Cell Neurosci 8:429
Dickie DA, Shenkin SD, Anblagan D, Lee J, Blesa Cabez M, Rodriguez D, Boardman JP, Waldman A, Job DE, Wardlaw JM (2017) Whole brain magnetic resonance image atlases: a systematic review of existing atlases and caveats for use in population imaging. Front Neuroinform 11:1
Ibrahim E-SH (2011) Myocardial tagging by cardiovascular magnetic resonance: evolution of techniques-pulse sequences, analysis algorithms, and applications. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 13:36
Abney TM, Feng Y, Pless R, Okamoto RJ, Genin GM, Bayly PV (2011) Principal component analysis of dynamic relative displacement fields estimated from MR images. PLoS One 6:e22063
Laksari K, Wu LC, Kurt M, Kuo C, Camarillo DC (2015) Resonance of human brain under head acceleration. J R Soc Interface 12:331
Peng H, Orlichenko A, Dawe RJ, Agam G, Zhang S, Arfanakis K (2009) Development of a human brain diffusion tensor template. NeuroImage 46:967–980
Bai W, Shi W, de Marvao A, Dawes TJW, O’Regan DP, Cook SA, Rueckert D (2015) A bi-ventricular cardiac atlas built from 1000+ high resolution MR images of healthy subjects and an analysis of shape and motion. Med Image Anal 26:133–145
Subsol G, Roberts N, Doran M, Thirion JP, Whitehouse GH (1997) Automatic analysis of cerebral atrophy. Magn Reson Imaging 15:917–927
Knutsen AK, Magrath E, McEntee JE, Xing F, Prince JL, Bayly PV, Butman JA, Pham DL (2014) Improved measurement of brain deformation during mild head acceleration using a novel tagged MRI sequence. J Biomech 47:3475–3481
Gomez AD, Xing F, Chan D, Pham D, Prince J (2017) Motion estimation with finite-element biomechanical models and tracking constraints from tagged MRI. In: Wittek A, Joldes G, Nielsen PMF, Doyle BJ, Miller K (eds) Computational biomechanics for medicine. Springer, Cham, pp 81–90
Collins DL, Zijdenbos AP, Kollokian V, Sled JG, Kabani NJ, Holmes CJ, Evans AC (1998) Design and construction of a realistic digital brain phantom. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 17: 463–468
Roy S, Carass A, Prince JL, Pham DL (2014) Mach Learn Med Imaging 8679:248–255
Kroon D-J (2011) Segmentation of the mandibular canal in cone-beam CT data. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands. isbn:978-90-365-3280-8
Tobon-Gomez C, De Craene M, McLeod K, Tautz L, Shi W, Hennemuth A, Prakosa A, Wang H, Carr-White G, Kapetanakis S, Lutz A, Rasche V, Schaeffter T, Butakoff C, Friman O, Mansi T, Sermesant M, Zhuang X, Ourselin S, Peitgen HO, Pennec X, Razavi R, Rueckert D, Frangi AF, Rhode KS (2013) Benchmarking framework for myocardial tracking and deformation algorithms: an open access database. Med Image Anal 17:632–648
Vadakkumpadan F, Arevalo H, Ceritoglu C, Miller M, Trayanova N (2012) Image-based estimation of ventricular fiber orientations for personalized modeling of cardiac electrophysiology. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 31:1051–1060
Spencer AJM (1985) Continuum mechanics. Dover, New York
Zhang L, Yang KH, King AI (2004) A proposed injury threshold for mild traumatic brain injury. J Biomech Eng 126:226–236
Alexander DC, Pierpaoli C, Basser PJ, Gee JC (2001) Spatial transformations of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance images. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 20:1131–1139
Kumaresan S, Radhakrishnan S (1996) Importance of partitioning membranes of the brain and the influence of the neck in head injury modelling. Med Biol Eng Comput 34:27–32
Monea AG, Verpoest I, Vander Sloten J, Van der Perre G, Goffin J, Depreitere B (2012) Assessment of relative brain-skull motion in quasistatic circumstances by MR imaging. J Neurotrauma 29:2305–2317
Acknowledgments
This research was funded by NIH Grant R01-NS055951, supplement PA12-149, and support by the Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this paper
Cite this paper
Gomez, A.D. et al. (2019). Atlas of Acceleration-Induced Brain Deformation from Measurements In Vivo. In: Nielsen, P., Wittek, A., Miller, K., Doyle, B., Joldes, G., Nash, M. (eds) Computational Biomechanics for Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75589-2_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75589-2_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-75588-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-75589-2
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)