Abstract
Combining computational models of argumentation with probability theory has recently gained increasing attention, in particular with respect to abstract argumentation frameworks. Approaches following this idea can be categorised into the constellations and the epistemic approach. While the former considers probability functions on the subgraphs of abstract argumentation frameworks, the latter uses probability theory to represent degrees of belief in arguments, given a fixed framework. In this paper, we investigate the case where probability functions are given on the extensions of abstract argumentation frameworks. This generalises classical semantics in a straightforward fashion and we show that our approach also complies with many postulates for epistemic probabilistic argumentation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Note that the definitional relation for \(P^{\subseteq }(E)\) in (1) does not carry over to \(\underline{P}^{\subseteq }(E)\), i.e. in general it does not hold that \(\underline{P}^{\subseteq }(E) = \sum _{E' \in 2^{\mathsf {Arg}} , E \subseteq E'}\underline{P}(E')\). An analogous consideration applies to \(\underline{P}^{\in }(\mathcal {A})\).
- 2.
In fact, on finite algebras of events the notions of dF-coherent probabilities, finitely additive probabilities and \(\sigma \)-additive probabilities coincide.
- 3.
References
Amgoud, L., Ben-Naim, J.: Argumentation-based ranking logics. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2015), pp. 1511–1519 (2015)
Baroni, P., Giacomin, M., Guida, G.: SCC-recursiveness: a general schema for argumentation semantics. Artif. Intell. 168(1–2), 162–210 (2005)
Baroni, P., Caminada, M., Giacomin, M.: An introduction to argumentation semantics. Knowl. Eng. Rev. 26(4), 365–410 (2011)
Baroni, P., Dunne, P.E., Giacomin, M.: On extension counting problems in argumentation frameworks. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2010), pp. 63–74 (2010)
Baroni, P., Giacomin, M., Vicig, P.: On rationality conditions for epistemic probabilities in abstract argumentation. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Computational Models of Argumentation (COMMA 2014), pp. 121–132 (2014)
Baumann, R., Strass, H.: On the maximal and average numbers of stable extensions. In: Black, E., Modgil, S., Oren, N. (eds.) TAFA 2013. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 8306, pp. 111–126. Springer, Heidelberg (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54373-9_8
Bonzon, E., Delobelle, J., Konieczny, S., Maudet, N.: A comparative study of ranking-based semantics for abstract argumentation. In: Proceedings of the 30th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI 2016), pp. 914–920 (2016)
Caminada, M.: Semi-stable semantics. In: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2006), pp. 121–130 (2006)
Charwat, G., Dvorak, W., Gaggl, S.A., Wallner, J.P., Woltran, S.: Methods for solving reasoning problems in abstract argumentation - a survey. Artif. Intell. 220, 28–63 (2015)
Cohen, A., Gottifredi, S., Garcia, A.J., Simari, G.R.: A survey of different approaches to support in argumentation systems. Knowl. Eng. Rev. 29(5), 513–550 (2014)
Dung, P.M.: On the acceptability of arguments and its fundamental role in nonmonotonic reasoning, logic programming and n-person games. Artif. Intell. 77(2), 321–358 (1995)
Dunne, P.E., Hunter, A., McBurney, P., Parsons, S., Wooldridge, M.: Weighted argument systems: basic definitions, algorithms, and complexity results. Artif. Intell. 175(2), 457–486 (2011)
Dvořák, W.: Computational aspects of abstract argumentation. Ph.D. thesis, Technische Universität Wien (2012)
Eğilmez, S., Martins, J., Leite, J.: Extending social abstract argumentation with votes on attacks. In: Black, E., Modgil, S., Oren, N. (eds.) TAFA 2013. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 8306, pp. 16–31. Springer, Heidelberg (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54373-9_2
de Finetti, B.: Theory of Probability, vol. I. Wiley, Hoboken (1974)
Gabbay, D.: Equational approach to argumentation networks. Argum. Comput. 3(2–3), 87–142 (2012)
Gabbay, D., Rodrigues, O.: Probabilistic argumentation: an equational approach. Logica Universalis 9(3), 345–382 (2015)
Grossi, D., Modgil, S.: On the graded acceptability of arguments. In: Proceedings of the 24th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2015), pp. 868–874 (2015)
Hunter, A.: A probabilistic approach to modelling uncertain logical arguments. Int. J. Approx. Reason. 54(1), 47–81 (2013)
Hunter, A.: Modelling the persuadee in asymmetric argumentation dialogues for persuasion. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2015), pp. 3055–3061 (2015)
Hunter, A., Thimm, M.: Probabilistic argumentation with incomplete information. In: Proceedings of the 21st European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI 2014), pp. 1033–1034, August 2014
Hunter, A., Thimm, M.: On partial information and contradictions in probabilistic abstract argumentation. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR 2016), pp. 53–62, April 2016
Kern-Isberner, G.: Characterizing the principle of minimum cross-entropy within a conditional-logical framework. Artif. Intell. 98(1–2), 169–208 (1998)
Leite, J., Martins, J.: Social abstract argumentation. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2011), pp. 2287–2292 (2011)
Li, H., Oren, N., Norman, T.J.: Probabilistic argumentation frameworks. In: Modgil, S., Oren, N., Toni, F. (eds.) TAFA 2011. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 7132, pp. 1–16. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29184-5_1
Paris, J.B.: The Uncertain Reasoner’s Companion - A Mathematical Perspective. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2006)
Santini, F.: Graded justification of arguments via internal and external endogenous features. In: Schockaert, S., Senellart, P. (eds.) SUM 2016. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 9858, pp. 352–359. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45856-4_26
Thimm, M.: A probabilistic semantics for abstract argumentation. In: Proceedings of the 20th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI 2012), pp. 750–755, August 2012
Thimm, M., Villata, S.: The first international competition on computational models of argumentation: results and analysis. Artif. Intell. 252, 267–294 (2017)
Thimm, M., Villata, S., Cerutti, F., Oren, N., Strass, H., Vallati, M.: Summary report of the first international competition on computational models of argumentation. AI Mag. 37(1), 102–104 (2016)
Walley, P.: Statistical Reasoning with Imprecise Probabilities. Chapman and Hall, London (1991)
Wu, J., Li, H., Oren, N., Norman, T.J.: Gödel fuzzy argumentation frameworks. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2016), pp. 447–458 (2016)
Wu, Y., Caminada, M.: A labelling-based justification status of arguments. Stud. Logic 3(4), 12–29 (2010)
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the anonymous referees for their helpful comments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this paper
Cite this paper
Thimm, M., Baroni, P., Giacomin, M., Vicig, P. (2018). Probabilities on Extensions in Abstract Argumentation. In: Black, E., Modgil, S., Oren, N. (eds) Theory and Applications of Formal Argumentation. TAFA 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10757. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75553-3_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75553-3_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-75552-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-75553-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)