Skip to main content

Emotionality in L2 Teacher Discourse: Implications for Teacher Education and Future Research Directions

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Emotions in Second Language Teaching

Abstract

As research in teacher emotions demonstrates, the affectivity of teacher behaviour in an L2/FL classroom context is one of the most significant factors contributing to appropriate interaction, classroom dynamics and, as a consequence, student language achievement and well-being (Gabryś-Barker Studies in Second Lang Learn Teach 4(2):301–325, 2016). Teacher affect—be it subconscious or controlled through emotional management and emotional labour (Benesch in Considering emotions in critical English teaching, Routledge, New York/London 2012)—is manifested in all the procedures and actions employed in the classroom. This paper presents a discussion of FL teacher discourse understood both in its verbal aspect (teacher talk) and also in teacher’s non-verbal behaviours towards students (teacher immediacy, eye contact) from the perspective of its affectivity. The article points to the need for more ample research. Insofar as research in this area is not very extensive, FL teacher training programmes also hardly ever instruct pre-service teachers in, or raise their awareness of, the significance of emotionality in a FL teacher’s discourse. Some ideas for improvement of the latter are put forward in this article.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Andersen, J. F. (1985). Teacher immediacy as a predictor of teaching effectiveness. In D. Nimmo (Ed.), Communication yearbook 3 (pp. 543–559). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnold-Morgan, J., & Fonseca-Mora, M. C. (2007). Affect in teacher talk. In B. Tomlinson (Ed.), Language acquisition (pp. 107–121). London: Continuum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benesch, S. (2012). Considering emotions in critical English teaching. New York/London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ben-Ze’ev, A. (2000). The subtlety of emotions. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chenoweth, A., Day, R., Cum, A., & Lupescu, S. (1983). Attitudes and preferences on non native speakers to corrective feedback. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 6, 79–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clore, G. (2014). Affect as information model. In D. Sander & K. R. Scherer (Eds.), The Oxford companion to emotion and the affective sciences (pp. 9–10). Oxford: Oxford University press (a companion entry).

    Google Scholar 

  • Christophel, D. (1990). The relationships among teacher immediacy behaviours, student motivation and learning. Communication Education, 37, 323–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dörnyei, Z., & Murhpey, T. (2003). Group dynamics in the language classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. (1969). The repertoire of nonverbal behaviour: Categories, origins, usage and coding. Semiotica, 1, 49–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elliott, P. (2004). Communication in the classroom. In V. Broooks, I. Abbot, & L. Bills (Eds.), Preparing to teach in secondary schools. Maidenhead/New York: Open University Press and McGraw-Hill Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, K. (1998). The relationship among perceived teacher confirmation, cognitive learning and affective learning (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Colorado, Denver.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fonseca-Mora, M. C. (2002). The role of the musicality of language in the acquisition process of English as a second language. Ann Harbour, MI: UMI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabrys-Barker, D. (2012). Reflectivity in pre-service teacher development. A survey of theory and practice. Katowice: University of Silesia Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabryś-Barker, D. (2014). Success. From failure to failure with enthusiasm. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 4(2), 301–325.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabryś-Barker, D. (2015). “We are human beings not robots”: On the psychology of affect in education. In D. Gabryś-Barker (Ed.), Topics in applied psycholinguistics (pp. 113–136). Katowice: University of Silesia Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabryś-Barker, D. (2016). Caring and sharing in the foreign language class: On a positive classroom climate. In D. Gabryś-Barker & D. Gałajda (Eds.), Positive psychology perspectives on second language teaching and learning (pp. 155–174). Heidelberg/Berlin: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregersen, T. (2005). Watch what your language students are not saying. The Teacher Trainer, 19(3), 18–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregersen, T. (2007). Language learning beyond words. Incorporating body language into classroom activities. Reflections on English Language Teaching, 6(1), 51–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregersen, T. (2010). Demonstrating affect. The implications of nonverbal immediacy training. In M. Torreblanca, Ch. Abello, R. Chacón & D. López (Eds.), The impact of affective variables in L2 teaching and learning. Sevilla: Secretariado de Publicaciones Universidad de Sevilla.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregersen, T., Olivares-Cuhat, G., & Storm, J. (2009). An examination of L1 and L2 gesture use. What role does proficiency play? The Modern Language Journal, 93, 195–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gregson, M., & Hillier, Y. (2015). Reflective teaching in further, adult and vocational education. London: Bloomsbury.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hatch, E. (1981). Discourse and language education. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hochschild, A. (1979). Emotion work, feeling rules, and social structure. American Journal of Sociology, 85(3), 551–575.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kellerman, S. (1992). I see what you mean: The role of kinesic behaviour in listening and the implication for foreign and second language learning. Applied Linguistics, 13(3), 239–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knapp, M., & Hall, J. (1992). Nonverbal communication in human interaction. Philadelphia: Holt, Rinehart and Winston Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knapp, M., & Hall, J. (2006). Nonverbal communication in interpersonal relationships. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krashen, S. (1977). Some issues relating to the monitor model. In H. brown, C. Yorio & R. Crymes (Eds), Teaching and learning English as a second language: trends in research and practice (pp. 144–158). Washington, DC: Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacCroskey, J., Fayer, J., Richmnd, V., Sallinen, A., & Barraclough, R. (1996). A multi-cultural examination of the relationship between nonverbal immediacy and affective learning. Communication Quarterly, 44(3), 297–307.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Metzger, M. (2007). Teaching how language reveals character. Harvard Educational Review, 77(2), 187–203.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Osborne, D. (1999). Teacher-talk. A sociolinguistic variable. Forum. At dosfan.lib.uic.edu. Retrieved on April 20, 2017.

  • Plax, T. G., Kearney, P., McCroskey, J. P., & Richmond, V. P. (1986). Power in the classroom VI: Verbal control strategies, nonverbal immediacy, and affective learning. Communication Education, 35, 43–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richmond, V., & McCroskey, J. (2004). Nonverbal behavior in interpersonal relationships. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, B. (2015). Classroom behaviour and practical guide to effective teaching, behaviour management and colleague support. Los Angeles/London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schumann, J. (1999). The neurobiology of affect in language learning. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stevick, E. (1999). Affect in learning and memory. In. J. Arnold (Ed.), Affect in language learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, L. (2005, March). Investigating affect through analysis of teacher generated language. Paper delivered at TESOL Conference, Seville, Spain.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsui, A. (2008). Classroom discourse. HKW scholars hub. At https://hub.hku.ht/bitstream. Retrieved on April 29, 2017.

  • Warford, R. (2011). Foreign language teacher talk survey. At web.cortland.edu. Retrieved on April 20, 2017.

  • Watkinson, A. (2006). Learning and teaching. Gosport, Hants: David Fulton Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Danuta Gabryś-Barker .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Gabryś-Barker, D. (2018). Emotionality in L2 Teacher Discourse: Implications for Teacher Education and Future Research Directions. In: Martínez Agudo, J. (eds) Emotions in Second Language Teaching. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75438-3_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75438-3_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-75437-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-75438-3

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics