Abstract
In the nineteenth century while warriors were fighting the foreign threat to Islam, other Muslims attempted to analyse why the Muslim world was unable to withstand this invasion. Great thinkers such as al-Afghani and Muhammad ‘Abduh suggested ways in which they believed Islam could ‘modernize’ in order to face Europe.
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Notes
- 1.
A. Hourani , Arabic thought in the Liberal Age, p. 136. This section is based on Hourani’s writing.
- 2.
An abiding memory of Cairo life is dinner I attended in a ‘French’-type apartment, with white-gloved waiters, ‘Louis XV’ gilt furniture, European and Egyptian guests speaking fluent, if accented, French.
- 3.
A. Hourani , ibid., p. 129.
- 4.
He did not seem to know (or care) that Methodism had made the same claims in the eighteenth century or communism in the nineteenth.
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Hopwood, D. (2018). Thinkers Rather than Activists. In: Islam's Renewal. St Antony's Series. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75202-0_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75202-0_8
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