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Anatomy and Physiology of Skeletal Tissue: The Bone Cells

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Book cover Multidisciplinary Approach to Osteoporosis

Abstract

The human skeleton, consisting of several hundreds of bones, is no longer believed as a static structural system protecting all soft tissues, but it is now thought as a highly dynamic system. In addition to its roles in locomotion, storage of minerals, and production of blood cells, the skeleton has recently been considered as a new endocrine organ, not only able in its regulation but also involved in the regulation of other organs, and, importantly, it plays a crucial role in the cross talk with the immune system and the skeletal muscle. Bone tissue is a metabolically active organ undergoing continuous remodeling through the balanced activity of osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells, and osteoblasts, the bone-forming cells, both orchestrated by the osteocytes, the most abundant cells embedded into the bone matrix. Here, we will provide an overview of the cytokines involved in the recent mechanisms highlighting bone cell differentiation and function.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Basic and Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy

    Giacomina Brunetti & Silvia Colucci

  2. Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy

    Graziana Colaianni & Maria Grano

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  1. Giacomina Brunetti
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  3. Silvia Colucci
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  4. Maria Grano
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  1. Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Andrea Lenzi

  2. Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Foro Italico University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Silvia Migliaccio

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Brunetti, G., Colaianni, G., Colucci, S., Grano, M. (2018). Anatomy and Physiology of Skeletal Tissue: The Bone Cells. In: Lenzi, A., Migliaccio, S. (eds) Multidisciplinary Approach to Osteoporosis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75110-8_1

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