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Methane Biocatalysis: Paving the Way to Sustainability pp 83–98Cite as

Pyrophosphate-Dependent Enzymes in Methanotrophs: New Findings and Views

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Abstract

Inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) is a by-product of cellular anabolic processes whose recycle by inorganic pyrophosphatases is essential for biosynthetic reactions. While the metabolic role of PPi in anaerobic microorganisms is widely acknowledged, the contribution of PPi to central metabolic pathways in aerobic organisms is less understood. In methanotrophs, the enzyme 6-phosphofructokinase (PPi-PFK, EC 2.7.1.90) utilizes PPi as a phosphoryl donor in an energy-consuming stage of Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas glycolysis, i.e., phosphorylation of fructose-6-posphate into fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. Analysis of genomic data shows that the gene encoding PPi-PFK (pfp) is widespread among proteobacterial methanotrophs, while only rarely present in methylotrophs, thus implying a relationship between the PPi-metabolism and methane oxidation. Hence, a number of PPi-linked enzymes have been investigated, including membranous proton-translocating pyrophosphatase, pyruvate-phosphate dikinase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, in an attempt to uncover methanotrophic metabolic mechanisms that help compensate for the high energetic cost of methane oxidation and reset metabolic pathways for efficient C1-assimilation. The remarkable metabolic versatility of PPi reactions in methanotrophs allows them to grow under quite different environmental conditions, including aerobic respiration and semi-anaerobic formaldehyde fermentation.

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Abbreviations

F6P:

fructose-6-phosphate

FBP:

fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

PFK:

phosphofructokinase

PEP:

phosphoenolpyruvate

PPDK:

pyruvate, phosphate dikinase

PPi:

inorganic pyrophosphate

PEPCK:

phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase

PPases:

pyrophosphatases

Ru5P:

ribulose-5-phosphate

S7P:

sedoheptulose-7-phosphate

H+-PPase:

proton-translocating pyrophosphatase

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Acknowledgments

The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research #18-04-00771 and by the US Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office (DOE-BETO under contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, RAS, Pushchino, Russia

    Valentina N. Khmelenina, Olga N. Rozova & Yuri A. Trotsenko

  2. Department of Biology and Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA

    Ilya R. Akberdin & Marina G. Kalyuzhnaya

Authors
  1. Valentina N. Khmelenina
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  2. Olga N. Rozova
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  3. Ilya R. Akberdin
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  4. Marina G. Kalyuzhnaya
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  5. Yuri A. Trotsenko
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Valentina N. Khmelenina .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA

    Marina G. Kalyuzhnaya

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

    Xin-Hui Xing

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Khmelenina, V.N., Rozova, O.N., Akberdin, I.R., Kalyuzhnaya, M.G., Trotsenko, Y.A. (2018). Pyrophosphate-Dependent Enzymes in Methanotrophs: New Findings and Views. In: Kalyuzhnaya, M., Xing, XH. (eds) Methane Biocatalysis: Paving the Way to Sustainability. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74866-5_6

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