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Technological and Legal Aspects of Self-driving Vehicles

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Satellite-Based Earth Observation

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Abstract

In light of recent technological leaps in satellite navigation, processing power, sensory technology and connectivity, almost every company in the automotive industry is pouring unprecedented resources into the development of automated self-driving systems. This poses a variety of challenges not only from a technological viewpoint as far as classification and standardization is concerned, but also from a legal standpoint. This written version of a presentation focuses on the technology currently employed in automated self-driving systems, its classification and approval for road use in different countries as well as legal implications in the fields of liability and data protection.

Written version of a presentation given by Dr. Gudrun Waniek, MA, Senior Legal Counsel/Compliance Officer and Dipl.-Betriebswirt Philip Dietl, both Magna Steyr/Magna Automotive Holding AG. Lorenz Brunner works for the Federation of Austrian Industries and is currently posted as an Intern at Magna Steyr.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Anti-Lock Braking System.

  2. 2.

    Bengler, Maurer, Winner, Three Decades of Driver Assistance Systems Review and Future Perspectives in IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine, 2014.

  3. 3.

    http://www.sae.org/misc/pdfs/automated_driving.pdf as of June 12, 2017.

  4. 4.

    Global Navigational Satellite System.

  5. 5.

    http://www.sae.org/misc/pdfs/automated_driving.pdf as of June 12, 2017.

  6. 6.

    http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs.html as of June 12, 2017.

  7. 7.

    UN/ECE Regulation No. 13-H, 2.20.

  8. 8.

    UN/ECE Regulation No 79, 2.3.4.2.

  9. 9.

    UN/ECE Regulation No. 79, 5.1.6.1.

  10. 10.

    https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/av-factsheet_vehicle_performance_guidance.pdf and https://www.nhtsa.gov/ as of June 12, 2017.

  11. 11.

    OJ L 263, 9.10.2007, 1–160.

  12. 12.

    OJ L 200, 31.7.2009, 1–24.

  13. 13.

    https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/conventn/crt1968e.pdf.

  14. 14.

    Art 8 paragraph 5 Vienna Convention on Road Traffic.

  15. 15.

    https://www.unece.org/info/media/presscurrent-press-h/transport/2016/unece-paves-the-way-for-automated-driving-by-updating-un-international-convention/doc.html as of June 12, 2017.

  16. 16.

    See footnote 15.

  17. 17.

    ECE/TRANS/WP.1/145, p. 9 (ECE Working Party on Road Traffic Safety).

  18. 18.

    Art. 3 Abs 3 Schweizer Verkehrsregelnverordnung—Swiss Traffic Rules Ordinance.

  19. 19.

    § 102 Abs 2 Satz 1 KFG (Kraftfahrgesetz—Austrian Law on Motorized Vehicles, Austrian Federal Law Gazette Nr 267/1967 in the version Nr 40/2017).

  20. 20.

    § 102 Abs 3 Satz 3 KFG (Kraftfahrgesetz—Austrian Law on Motorized Vehicles, Austrian Federal Law Gazette Nr 267/1967 in the version Nr 40/2017).

  21. 21.

    Austrian Federal Law Gazette I Nr 9/2017.

  22. 22.

    Verordnung des Bundesministers für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie über Rahmenbedingungen für automatisiertes Fahren (AutomatFahrV)—Automated Driving Regulation, Austrian Federal Law Gazette II, No. 402/2016.

  23. 23.

    Printed Paper 18/11776, p. 2 (German Bundestag).

  24. 24.

    German Federal Law Gazette I, June 20, 2017, 1648.

  25. 25.

    § 1a Abs 2 StVG (Straßenverkehrsgesetz—Road Traffic Act).

  26. 26.

    § 1a Abs 2 StVG and Printed Paper 18/11776, p. 10 (German Bundestag): http://dip21.parliament.de/dip21/btd/18/117/1811776.pdf as of June 12 2017.

  27. 27.

    https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Anlage/Presse/084-dobrindt-bericht-der-ethik-kommission.pdf?__blob=publicationFile as of June 12, 2017.

  28. 28.

    Harnoncourt in ZVR 2016, 547.

  29. 29.

    For example based on § 1313a Austrian Civil Code, Harnoncourt in ZVR 2016, 547.

  30. 30.

    Printed Paper 18/11776, p. 10 (German Bundestag).

  31. 31.

    Dobrindt, 30.3.2017, Plenary Protocol 228/18, 22914.

  32. 32.

    Produkthaftpflichtgesetz—Product Liability Act, German Federal Law Gazette I, December 15, 1989, 2198.

  33. 33.

    Produkthaftpflichtgesetz—Product Liability Act, Austrian Federal Law Gazette II, No. 99/1988.

  34. 34.

    OJ L No L 210, 7 August 1985, 29–33.

  35. 35.

    Schrader in DAR 2016, 242.

  36. 36.

    Harnoncourt in ZVR 2016, 550.

  37. 37.

    Harnoncourt in ZVR 2016, 552.

  38. 38.

    OJ L 119, 4.5.2016, 1–88.

  39. 39.

    Bundesdatenschutzgesetz -Federal Data Protection Act, German Federal Law Gazette I, January 14, 2003, 66.

  40. 40.

    Alich in RAW 2/16, 90.

  41. 41.

    Verband der Automobilindustrie.

  42. 42.

    https://www.vda.de/de/themen/innovation-und-technik/vernetzung/gemeinsame-erklaerung-vda-und-datenschutzbehoerden-2016.html as of June 12, 2017.

  43. 43.

    Datenschutzgesetz 2000—Data Protection Act 2000, Austrian Federal Law Gazette I No. 165/1999.

  44. 44.

    Art. 4 Z 1 Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation, GDPR).

  45. 45.

    § 1a Abs 2 German StVG and Printed Paper 18/11776, 11.

  46. 46.

    https://www.bfdi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Publikationen/Allgemein/DatenschutzrechtlicheEmpfehlungen-VernetztesAuto.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=1 as of June 12, 2017.

  47. 47.

    Alich in RAW 2/16, 95.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affiars, Vienna, Austria

    Lorenz Brunner

  2. Schönherr Rechtsanwälte GmbH, Vienna, Austria

    Gudrun Waniek

Authors
  1. Lorenz Brunner
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  2. Gudrun Waniek
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lorenz Brunner .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Competence Centre Space Law/Space Policy, Subpoint NPOC Austria/ECSL, University of Graz, Graz, Steiermark, Austria

    Christian Brünner

  2. Chamber of Commerce Steiermark, Graz, Steiermark, Austria

    Georg Königsberger

  3. Competence Centre Space Law/Space Policy, University of Graz, Graz, Steiermark, Austria

    Hannes Mayer

  4. Competence Centre Space Law/Space Policy, University of Graz, Graz, Steiermark, Austria

    Anita Rinner

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Brunner, L., Waniek, G. (2018). Technological and Legal Aspects of Self-driving Vehicles. In: Brünner, C., Königsberger, G., Mayer, H., Rinner, A. (eds) Satellite-Based Earth Observation . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74805-4_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74805-4_14

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