Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Person Centered Approach to Recovery in Medicine pp 19–36Cite as

Psychosomatic and Biopsychosocial Medicine: Body-Mind Relationship, Its Roots, and Current Challenges

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Integrating Psychiatry and Primary Care ((IPPC))

Abstract

The basis of psychosomatic medicine is a fundamental philosophical debate between mind (a subjective phenomenon that is linked to a sense of consciousness) and body (which is empirically demonstrable). Starting from the Greek tradition to the Cartesian res cogitans-res extensa dichotomy, the chapter illustrates the role and importance of a biopsychosocial approach in all the spheres of medicine as a way to contrast the still evident modern medicine reductionism. The evidence coming from biological, psychological, and social science, merging in biopsychosocial (or psychosomatic) integrated view in medicine, is also discussed. Although the term psychosomatic can be misleading, since, as Alexander underlined in the first issue of the journal Psychosomatic Medicine in 1939, it may imply dichotomy between psyche and body (soma). If however we understand psychic phenomena as nothing but the subjective aspect of certain bodily (brain) processes, this dichotomy disappears, becoming medicine of the whole person, away from scientistic reductionism and toward the embrace of the complex in clinical practice.

We have at present no conception of what an explanation of the physical nature of a mental phenomenon would be. Without consciousness the mind-body problem would be much less interesting. With consciousness it seems hopeless. The most important and characteristic feature of conscious mental phenomena is very poorly understood.

(Nagel, 1974; page 436) [ 1 ]

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    It is interesting that the Greek word has different roots, deriving from both δαίμων (daemon = deity) and δαήμων (daemon = knowing or wise) but also from the word δαίω (to divide, to distribute destinies, to allot).

References

  1. Nagel T. What is it like to be a bat? Philos Rev. 1974;83:435–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Porter R. The flesh in the age of reason. The modern foundation of body and soul. New York: W.W. Norton; 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Descartes R. Discourse on method and mediations of first philosophy (translated by Donald A. Cress), 4th ed. Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc; 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Alanen L. Reconsidering descartes’s notion of the mind-body union. Synthese. 1996;106:3–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Bassiri N. Material translations in the cartesian brain. Stud His Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 2012;43:244–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Machamer P, McGuire JE. Descartes’s changing mind. Stud Hist Phil Sci. 2006;37:398–419.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Hoffman P. The unity of descartes’ man. Philos Rev. 1986;95(3):339–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Binswanger L. Grundformen und erkenntnis menschlichen daseins, 1942 (Basic forms and the realization of human “Being-in-the-World”) Zurich (3rd édition, Munich/Basle; 1962).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Damasio A. Descartes’ error: emotion, reason, and the human brain. New York: Putnam; 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Kirkebøen G. Descartes’ embodied psychology: descartes’ or damasio’s error? J Hist Neurosci. 2001;10(2):173–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Smith DL. Freud’s philosophy of the unconscious. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic; 1999a.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  12. Bahnson CB. Epistemological perspectives of physical disease from the psychodynamic point of view. Am J Public Health. 1974;64(11):1034–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Deutsch F, editor. On the mysterious leap from the mind to the body. New York: International Universities Press; 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Wise TN. Psychosomatics: past, present and future. Psychother Psychosom. 2014;83(2):65–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Lipsitt DR. Consultation-liaison psychiatry and psychosomatic medicine: the company they keep. Psychosom Med. 2001;63:896–909.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Lipowski ZJ. Review of consultation psychiatry and psychosomatic medicine. 3. Theoretical issues. Psychosom Med. 1968;30:395–422.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Lipowski ZJ. Psychosomatic medicine: past and present. Part I. Historical background. Can J Psychiatr. 1986;31:2–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Engel GL. The need for a new medical model: a challenge for biomedicine. Science. 1977;196:129–36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. von Bertalanffy L. General system theory. New York: George Braziller; 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Engel GL. The clinical application of the biopsychosocial model. Am J Psychiatry. 1980;137:535–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Novack DH, Cameron O, Epel E, Ader R, Waldstein SR, Levenstein S, Antoni MH, Wainer AR. Psychosomatic medicine: the scientific foundation of the biopsychosocial model. Acad Psychiatry. 2007;31(5):388–401.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Adler RH. Engel’s biopsychosocial model is still relevant today. J Psychosom Res. 2009;67(6):607–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Karl SR, Holland JC. The roots of psychosomatic medicine II: George L. Engel. Psychosomatics. 2015;56(6):630–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Fava GA, Sonino N. From the lesson of George engel to current knowledge: the biopsychosocial model 40 years later. Psychother Psychosom. 2017;86(5):257–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Lane RD, Waldstein SR, Chesney MA, Jennings JR, Lovallo WR, Kozel PJ, Rose RM, Drossman DA, Schneiderman N, Thayer JF, Cameron OG. The rebirth of neuroscience in psychosomatic medicine, part I: historical context, methods, and relevant basic science. Psychosom Med. 2009;71(2):117–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. McEwen BS. Epigenetic interactions and the brain-body communication. Psychother Psychosom. 2017;86:1–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Quan N, Banks WA. Brain-immune communication pathways. Brain Behav Immun. 2007;21(6):727–35.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Kemeny ME, Schedlowski M. Understanding the interaction between psychosocial stress and immune-related diseases: a stepwise progression. Brain Behav Immun. 2007;21:1009–18.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Mathews HL, Janusek LW. Epigenetics and psychoneuroimmunology: mechanisms and models. Brain Behav Immun. 2011;25:25–39.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Blalock JE, Smith EM. Conceptual development of the immune system as a sixth sense. Brain Behav Immun. 2007;21:23–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Lane RD, Waldstein SR, Critchley HD, Derbyshire SW, Drossman DA, Wager TD, Schneiderman N, Chesney MA, Jennings JR, Lovallo WR, Rose RM, Thayer JF, Cameron OG. The rebirth of neuroscience in psychosomatic medicine, part II: clinical applications and implications for research. Psychosom Med. 2009;71(2):135–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Couto-Moraes R, Palermo-Neto J, Markus RP. The immune-pineal axis: stress as a modulator of pineal gland function. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009;1153:193–202.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Gold PW, Charney DS. Diseases of the mind and brain: depression: a disease of the mind, brain, and body. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159:1826.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Iwata M, Ota KT, Duman RS. The inflammasome: pathways linking psychological stress, depression, and systemic illnesses. Brain Behav Immun. 2013;31:105–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Rawdin BS, Mellon SH, Dhabhar FS, Epel ES, Puterman E, Su Y, Burke HM, Reus VI, Rosser R, Hamilton SP, Nelson JC, Wolkowitz OM. Dysregulated relationship of inflammation and oxidative stress in major depression. Brain Behav Immun. 2013;31:143–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Sephton S, Spiegel D. Circadian disruption in cancer: a neuroendocrine-immune pathway from stress to disease? Brain Behav Immun. 2003;17:321–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Eismann EA, Lush E, Sephton SE. Circadian effects in cancer-relevant psychoneuroendocrine and immune pathways. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2010;35:963–76.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. de Ridder D, Geenen R, Kuijer R, van Middendorp H. Psychological adjustment to chronic disease. Lancet. 2008;372(9634):246–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Maunder RG, Hunter JJ. Attachment and psychosomatic medicine: developmental contributions to stress and disease. Psychos Med. 2001;63:556–67.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Wilce JM. Social and cultural lives of immune systems. London: Routledge; 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Schore AN. The seventh annual John Bowlby Memorial Lecture, Minds in the making: attachment, the self-organizing brain, and developmentally-oriented psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Br J Psychother. 2001;17:299–328.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Hunter J, Maunder R, editors. Improving patient treatment with attachment theory a guide for primary care practitioners and specialists. Berlin: Springer; 2016.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Fava GA, Freyberger HJ, Bech P, Christodoulou G, Sensky T, Theorell T, Wise TN. Diagnostic criteria for use in psychosomatic research. Psychother Psychosom. 1995;63:1–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Fava GA, Cosci F, Sonino N. Current psychosomatic practice. Psychother Psychosom. 2017;86(1):13–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Porcelli P, Rafanelli C. Criteria for psychosomatic research (DCPR) in the medical setting. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2010;12:246–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Seligman MEP, Steen TA, Park N, Peterson C. Positive psychology progress: empirical validation of interventions. Am Psychol. 2005;60:410–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Ryan RM, Deci EL. On happiness and human potential: a review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annu Rev Psychol. 2001;52:141–66.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Ryff CD, Singer BH. Know thyself and become what you are: a eudaimonic approach to psychological well-being. J Happiness Stud. 2008;9:13–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Smith DF. Functional salutogenic mechanisms of the brain. Perspect Biol Med. 2002;45:319–28.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Kobau R, Seligman ME, Peterson C, Diener E, Zack MM, Chapman D, Thompson W. Mental health promotion in public health: perspectives and strategies from positive psychology. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(8):e1–9.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  51. Sin NL, Lyubomirsky S. Enhancing well-being and alleviating depressive symptoms with positive psychology interventions: a practice-friendly meta-analysis. J Clin Psychol. 2009;65:467–87.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Ellis BJ, Del Giudice M. Beyond allostatic load: rethinking the role of stress in regulating human development. Dev Psychopathol. 2013;26:1–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Jaremka LM, Lindgren ME, Kiecolt-Glaser JK. Synergistic relationships among stress, depression, and troubled relationships: insights from psychoneuroimmunology. Depress Anxiety. 2013;30:288–96.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. McEwen BS, Gianaros PJ. Stress- and allostasis-induced brain plasticity. Annu Rev Med. 2011;62:431–45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  55. Karatsoreos IN, McEwen BS. Annual research review: the neurobiology and physiology of resilience and adaptation across the life course. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2013;54(4):337–47.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Seeman TE. Social ties and health: the benefits of social integration. Ann Epidemiol. 1996;6:442–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Uchino BN. Social support and physical health: understanding the health consequences of relationships. New Haven: Yale University Press; 2004.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  58. Tay L, Tan K, Diener E, Gonzalez E. Social relations, health behaviors, and health outcomes: a survey and synthesis. Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2013;5:28–78.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Aburn G, Gott M, Hoare K. What is resilience? An integrative review of the empirical literature. J Adv Nurs. 2016;72(5):980–1000.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Schetter CD, Dolbier C. Resilience in the context of chronic stress and health in adults. Soc Personal Psychol Compass. 2011;5(9):634–52.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  61. Stewart DE, Yuen T. A systematic review of resilience in the physically ill. Psychosomatics. 2011;52:199–209.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Kalisch R, Müller MB, Tüscher O. A conceptual framework for the neurobiological study of resilience. Behav Brain Sci. 2015;38:e92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Ménard C, Pfau ML, Hodes GE, Russo SJ. Immune and neuroendocrine mechanisms of stress vulnerability and resilience. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2017;42(1):62–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Karatsoreos IN, McEwen BS. Psychobiological allostasis: resistance, resilience and vulnerability. Trends Cogn Sci. 2011;15:576–84.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Fuks A, Brawer J, Boudreau JD. The foundation of physicianship. Perspect Biol Med. 2012;55:114–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Buber M. I and thou. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clarke; 1944.

    Google Scholar 

  67. Levinas E. Totality and infinity: an essay on exteriority. Pittsburgh, PA: Duquesne University Press; 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Clifton-Soderstrom M. Levinas and the patient as other: the ethical foundation of medicine. J Med Philos. 2003;28:447–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Grassi L, Caruso R, Costantini A. Communication with patients suffering from serious physical illness. Adv Psychosom Med. 2015;34:10–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Mitchell AJ. Reluctance to disclose difficult diagnoses: a narrative review comparing communication by psychiatrists and oncologists. Support Care Cancer. 2007;15(7):819–28.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Papageorgiou A, Loke YK, Fromage M. Communication skills training for mental health professionals working with people with severe mental illness. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;6:CD010006.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Rizzolatti G, Sinigaglia C. Mirrors in the brain: how our minds share actions and emotions. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Keysers C, Fadiga L. The mirror neuron system: new frontiers. Soc Neurosci. 2008;3(3-4):193–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Gallese V. The ‘shared manifold’ hypothesis. From mirror neurons to empathy. J Conscious Stud. 2001;8:33–50.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Kaplan JT, Iacoboni M. Getting a grip on other minds: mirror neurons, intention understanding, and cognitive empathy. Soc Neurosci. 2006;1(3-4):175–83.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Iacoboni M. Imitation, empathy, and mirror neurons. Annu Rev Psychol. 2009;60:653–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Fusar-Poli P, Broome M, Stanghellini G. From Brentano to mirror neurons: bridging phenomenology and clinical neuroscience. Psychiatry Res. 2010;183:245–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Decety J. The neuroevolution of empathy. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011;1231:35–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Decety J, Norman GJ, Berntson GG, Cacioppo JT. A neurobehavioral evolutionary perspective on the mechanisms underlying empathy. Prog Neurobiol. 2012;98:38–48.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Buccino G, Amore M. Mirror neurons and the understanding of behavioural symptoms in psychiatric disorders. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2008;21:281–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Reich TW. From ancient consolation and negative care to modern empathy and the neurosciences. Theor Med Bioeth. 2012;33:25–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Riess H. Empathy in medicine—a neurobiological perspective. JAMA. 2010;304:1604–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Cole TR, Carlin N. The suffering of physicians. Lancet. 2009;374:1414–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Goetz JL, Keltner D, Simon-Thomas E. Compassion: an evolutionary analysis and empirical review. Psychol Bull. 2010;136(3):351–74.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  85. Sinclair S, Norris JM, McConnell SJ, Chochinov HM, Hack TF, Hagen NA, McClement S, Bouchal SR. Compassion: a scoping review of the healthcare literature. BMC Palliat Care. 2016;15:6. (2-16).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  86. Charon R. The patient-physician relationship. Narrative medicine: a model for empathy, reflection, profession, and trust. JAMA. 2001;286:1897–902.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Gordon J. Medical humanities: to cure sometimes, to relieve often, to comfort always. Med J Aust. 2005;182:5–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Laine C, Davidoff F. Patient-centered medicine. A professional evolution. JAMA. 1996;275:152–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Greaves D. Reflections on a new medical cosmology. J Med Ethics. 2002;28:81–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  90. Smith GC, Strain JJ. George Engel’s contribution to clinical psychiatry. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2002;36:458–66.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Engel GL. From biomedical to biopsychosocial. Being scientific in the human domain. Psychosomatics. 1997;38(6):521–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Engel GL, Reichsman F, Segal HL. A study of an infant with a gastric fistula I. Behavior and the rate of total hydrochloric acid secretion. Psychosom Med. 1956;18(5):374–98.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Benning TB. Limitations of the biopsychosocial model in psychiatry. Adv Med Educ Pract. 2015;6:347–52.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  94. Wise TN. Psychosomatic medicine: an approach needed now more than ever. Int J Clin Pract. 2010;64(8):999–1001.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Fava GA, Ruini C, Tomba E, Wise TN. The biopsychosocial factor. Psychother Psychosom. 2012;81(1):1–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Horwitz RI, Cullen MR, Abell J, Christian JB. (De)personalized medicine. Science. 2012;339:1155–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  97. Horwitz RI, Hayes-Conroy A, Singer BH. Biology, social environment, and personalized medicine. Psychother Psychosom. 2017;86:5–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Martin CM, Félix-Bortolotti M. Person-centred health care: a critical assessment of current and emerging research approaches. J Eval Clin Pract. 2014;20(6):1056–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. McLaren N. A critical review of the biopsychosocial model. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1998;32:86–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Van Oudenhove L, Cuypers S. The relevance of the philosophical ‘mind-body problem’ for the status of psychosomatic medicine: a conceptual analysis of the biopsychosocial model. Med Health Care Philos. 2014;17(2):201–13.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Ghaemi SN. Paradigms of psychiatry: eclecticism and its discontents. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2006;19(6):619–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Pilgrim D. The biopsychosocial model in Anglo-American psychiatry: past, present and future. J Ment Health. 2002;11:585–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  103. Ghaemi SN. The rise and fall of the biopsychosocial model. Br J Psychiatry. 2009;195(1):3–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Jaspers K. Der Arzt im technischen Zeitalter. Universitas: Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft, Kunst und Literatur 1959;14(4):337–54. English translation by Arthur A. Grugan. The physician in the technological age. Theor Med Bioeth. 1989;10(3):251–67.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Shelton W. A new look at medicine and the mind-body problem: can Dewey’s pragmatism help medicine connect with its mission? Perspect Biol Med. 2013;56(3):422–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Price AI, Djulbegovic B, Biswas R, Chatterjee P. Evidence-based medicine meets person-centred care: a collaborative perspective on the relationship. J Eval Clin Pract. 2015;21(6):1047–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Weaver RR. Reconciling evidence-based medicine and patient-centred care: defining evidence-based inputs to patient-centred decisions. J Eval Clin Pract. 2015;21(6):1076–80.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  108. Alexander F. Psychological aspects of medicine. Psychos Med. 1939;1:7–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  109. Albuquerque J, Deshauer D, Grof P. Descartes’ passions of the soul—seeds of psychiatry? J Affect Disord. 2003;76:285–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Clarke PGH. Neuroscience, quantum indeterminism and the Cartesian soul. Brain Cogn. 2014;84:109–17.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Fava GA, Belaise C, Sonino N. Psychosomatic medicine is a comprehensive field, not a synonym for consultation liaison psychiatry. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2010;12(3):215–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Fava GA, Sonino N. Psychosomatic medicine: a name to keep. Psychother Psychosom. 2010;79(1):1–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Miles A. On a medicine of the whole person: away from scientistic reductionism and towards the embrace of the complex in clinical practice. J Eval Clin Pract. 2009;15(6):941–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

    Luigi Grassi

  2. Department of Psychiatry, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA, USA

    Thomas Wise

  3. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Thomas Wise

  4. George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA

    Thomas Wise

  5. Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA

    Thomas Wise

  6. Department of Philosophy, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, Lampeter, UK

    David Cockburn

  7. Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

    Rosangela Caruso

  8. University Hospital Psychiatry Unit, Integrated Department of Mental Health and Addictive Behavior, S. Anna University Hospital and Health Authorities, Ferrara, Italy

    Rosangela Caruso

  9. Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Michelle B. Riba

  10. University of Michigan Comprehensive Depression Center and Psych Oncology Program, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Michelle B. Riba

Authors
  1. Luigi Grassi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Thomas Wise
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. David Cockburn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Rosangela Caruso
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Michelle B. Riba
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luigi Grassi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

    Luigi Grassi

  2. University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Michelle B. Riba

  3. Inova Fairfax Hospital, Johns Hopkins University Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA, USA

    Thomas Wise

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Grassi, L., Wise, T., Cockburn, D., Caruso, R., Riba, M.B. (2019). Psychosomatic and Biopsychosocial Medicine: Body-Mind Relationship, Its Roots, and Current Challenges. In: Grassi, L., Riba, M., Wise, T. (eds) Person Centered Approach to Recovery in Medicine. Integrating Psychiatry and Primary Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74736-1_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74736-1_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-74735-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-74736-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation