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Fundamentals and Applications of Hardcopy Communication pp 43–113Cite as

Text Watermarking

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Abstract

The previous chapter reviewed a number of alternatives for hardcopy communications using printed images as hosts while addressing distortions caused by the printing and scanning processes. An important class of media that is closely related to hardcopy communication is that of text documents. While in natural images there is a rich grey scale or even color content suitable to be modified, in text one usually does not benefit from such a highly diversified host signal. The problem becomes even more challenging when we consider that the watermarked document is to be printed and remain watermarked. In this scenario, printed document watermark detection is usually carried out with the help of a flatbed scanner, to digitize the document and identify a possible watermark.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Ⓒ2008 IEEE. Some paragraphs in this chapter are reprinted from [13] with permission license no. 4233391357964. Other parts are reprinted from [12] with permission license no. 4233400838109.

  2. 2.

    Text sample in this figure extracted from the lyrics of ‘Blowing in the Wind’, Bob Dylan, 1963.

  3. 3.

    Figure extracted from [16].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil

    Joceli Mayer

  2. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, Group, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia

    Paulo V. K. Borges

  3. QCAT - Queensland Centre for Advanced Technologies, Pullenvale, QLD, Australia

    Paulo V. K. Borges

  4. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA

    Steven J. Simske

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  1. Joceli Mayer
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  2. Paulo V. K. Borges
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  3. Steven J. Simske
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Mayer, J., Borges, P.V.K., J. Simske, S. (2018). Text Watermarking. In: Fundamentals and Applications of Hardcopy Communication. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74083-6_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74083-6_3

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