Abstract
From Aristotle to C. Wright Mills and Samuel Huntington, democratic politics has been viewed as possible only if civil society mediates between government and the masses. The present chapter traces the origins of democracy and how the Mass Society Paradigm developed from Durkheim’s evidence that industrialization produced alienated factory workers, anthropological studies of elites in small American towns, Mills’s observation that colluding elites were trying to fool the masses with the clever use of media, and Kornhauser’s equivalencing of mass society in both totalitarian and supposedly democratic societies. Much of the discussion demonstrates how Robert Dahl initially rejected but later supported the paradigm, whereas Robert Putnam discovered masses detached from one another as the source of much societal anomie that precludes true democracy, but still stopped short of recognizing the need to confront the entire complexity of the Mass Society Paradigm before democracy can be revitalized. The paradigm accounts for civil strife, deviant behavior, economic stagnation, governmental gridlock, mass movements, nonvoting and nonparticipation in politics, religious fundamentalism, revolutions, scapegoating, war, and worldwide anarchy.
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Haas, M. (2019). Mass Society Paradigm. In: Why Democracies Flounder and Fail. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74070-6_2
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