Skip to main content

Historiographical Change and Editorial Practice: The Origins of the Edition of the Correspondence of John Wallis (1616–1703)

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Mathematical Correspondences and Critical Editions

Part of the book series: Trends in the History of Science ((TRENDSHISTORYSCIENCE))

  • 391 Accesses

Abstract

The edition of the correspondence of John Wallis (1616–1703) has had a relatively long and varied history, being conceived originally by Christoph J. Scriba as a small companion volume of those letters of the great Oxford mathematician that had not already appeared elsewhere, in publications such as the Correspondence of Isaac Newton or the Œuvres complètes de Christiaan Huygens. In this chapter, the author charts the evolution of the Wallis Edition from those initial plans through to the major critical edition that is now in progress. Drawing on Scriba’s own letters and papers, he argues that the history of the Wallis Edition mirrors changes that have taken place in the nature and outlook of the history of mathematics itself; changes on which Scriba reflected intensely during his lifetime and to which he contributed both through his writings and his historiographical practice.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Scriba’s thesis was published under the title James Gregorys frühe Schriften zur Infinitesimalrechnung, Giessen: Selbstverlag des Mathematischen Seminars 1957 (= Mitteilungen aus dem Mathematischen Seminar Giessen No. 55).

  2. 2.

    Christoph J. Scriba, ‘Zur Lösung des 2. Debeauneschen Problems durch Descartes. Ein Ausschnitt aus der Frühgeschichte der inversen Tangentenaufgaben’, in: Archive for History of Exact Sciences 2 (1961), pp. 406–19.

  3. 3.

    Christoph J. Scriba (with the assistance of Dormer Ellis), The concept of number. A chapter in the history of mathematics, with applications of interest to teachers, University of Toronto: Ontario College of Education 1961. Shortly afterwards, Scriba produced another course book for the Toronto secondary school teachers’ course in mathematics, 1961–2: A brief historical survey of elementary algebra and geometry. In contrast to the former, this course book has remained unpublished.

  4. 4.

    Christoph J. Scriba (with the assistance of Dormer Ellis), The Concept of Number. A chapter in the history of mathematics, with applications of interest to teachers, Mannheim: Bibliographisches Institut 1968 (BI Hochschultaschenbücher No. 825/825a).

  5. 5.

    Christoph J. Scriba to Harold Hartley, 18 October 1962; Archive of the Wallis Edition: “I am a pupil of Prof. J. E. Hofmann, the German historian of mathematics”.

  6. 6.

    It is no accident that the two major centres of the history of mathematics in West Germany, at the Technische Universität Berlin and the Universität Hamburg, were institutes in which Scriba successively played a decisive role as statutory professor.

  7. 7.

    Adolf Prag, ‘John Wallis (1616–1703). Zur Ideengeschichte der Mathematik im 17. Jahrhundert’, in: Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik, Astronomie und Physik. Abt. B, vol. 1, 1931, pp. 381–412.

  8. 8.

    The Correspondence of Henry Oldenburg, ed. A. Rupert Hall and Marie Boas Hall, 13 vols, Madison, University of Wisconsin Press; London: Mansel; London: Taylor & Francis, 1965–86.

  9. 9.

    Christoph J. Scriba, ‘Geschichte der Mathematik im Spiegel der Zeit. Zugleich eine Würdigung des Schaffens von Joseph E. Hofmann’, in: Joseph Ehrenfried Hofmann zum 70. Geburtstag, Giessen: Selbstverlag des Mathematischen Seminars 1971 (= Mitteilungen aus dem Mathemati-schen Seminar Giessen No. 90), 2–24, pp. 2–3: “Nun, bald wurde auch ich einer jener Hilfsknechte, die aus seltenen Büchern Daten und Fakten ausgruben und nach Ichenhausen sandten. Dazu traten Korrekturen, die ich mitlesen durfte, und dazu kam jener Strom von Briefen, meist in Stenographie verfaßt, häufiger durch farbige Zeichnungen ergänzt, der mich allmählich in die mathematikgeschichtliche Forschung einführte.” After the war, Hofmann and his wife Josepha had moved back to the family home in Ichenhausen in Bavaria.

  10. 10.

    Preface to The Mathematical Papers of Isaac Newton, ed. D. T. Whiteside, Vol. VI (1684–1691), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1974, p. viii.

  11. 11.

    Scriba wrote to D. T. Whiteside for possible assistance in gaining access to the Macclesfield Collection at Shirburn Castle once work with the author to publish the Wallis edition was well underway. In typical style he replied by email on 12 May 1998; Archive of the Wallis Edition: “Can Beeley gain access to Shirburn Castle Library? There is nothing lost by writing to him [sc. The Earl of Macclesfield] (but include a stamped addressed envelope if you expect a reply)”. A reply was indeed received, but informing us that access could not be granted, because of restorative work taking place on the manuscripts. Only since their acquisition by Cambridge University Library have they become accessible—fortunately in time for the first volume of the Correspondence of John Wallis.

  12. 12.

    Harold Hartley to Christoph J. Scriba, 17 October 1962; Archive of the Wallis Edition: ‘My friend Derek Whiteside has told me that you are anxious to read regularly at the Royal Society Library. Whiteside has told me about the subject of your thesis which you will see from the enclosed paper is of particular interest to me. I should, however, like to see you first so that I can say that you are known personally to me.’ The article he enclosed was one he had written jointly with J. F. Scott: ‘William, Viscount Brouncker, F.R.S. (1620–1684)’, in: Notes and Records of the Royal Society 15 (1960), pp. 159–65.

  13. 13.

    Hartley’s interest in the history of science is reflected in his later publication Studies in the History of Chemistry, Oxford: Clarendon Press 1971.

  14. 14.

    Christoph J. Scriba to Harold Hartley, 24 November 1963; Archive of the Wallis Edition: “Do you think it would be desirable to publish this list, in spite of its short-comings, in a form similar to the index of Boyle’s correspondence given by R. E. W. Madison in Notes and Records of the Royal Society 13?”

  15. 15.

    See Christoph J. Scriba, ‘A Tentative Index of the Correspondence of John Wallis, F.R.S.’, in: Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 22 (1967), pp. 58–93, p. 58.

  16. 16.

    Christoph J. Scriba to Harold Hartley, 24 November 1963; Archive of the Wallis Edition.

  17. 17.

    Ibid.

  18. 18.

    See note 13. The date of publication is given as September 1967.

  19. 19.

    The agenda, minutes, correspondence, and other papers relating to this commission are deposited under the reference ‘HMC 6’ in The National Archives, Kew.

  20. 20.

    See for example the online resources of Early Modern Letters Online (EMLO).

  21. 21.

    Harold Hartley to Christoph J. Scriba, 18 January 1967; Archive of the Wallis Edition.

  22. 22.

    Sticker had been directing and at the same time building up the Institute, which came to be known under its German acronym IGN (Institut für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften) since 1960. Part of the funding arrangement for the institute was that it would train young scholars so that they could take up professorial chairs in the history of science at other German universities and in this way enable the growth of the discipline. It was agreed by Hofmann and Sticker that Scriba after the end of his DFG-funded research in Oxford would take on teaching responsibilities at the IGN in Hamburg. See Christoph J. Scriba, ‘Bernhard Sticker (2 August 1906-30 August 1977)’, in: Studia Leibnitiana 9 (1977), pp. 159–67; Andreas Kleinert, ‘Christoph J. Scriba (1929–2013)’ in: Sudhoffs Archiv 97 (2013), pp. 136–42.

  23. 23.

    In his letter to Davin, dated 25 February 1964, Archive of the Wallis Edition, Scriba points out that he, his wife, Inge, together with their three-year old son, Friedemann, had intended to stay in Oxford for another month, but had then to change their plans.

  24. 24.

    Davin, a Fellow of Balliol College, was Assistant Secretary to the Delegates of the University Press at the time. It was no doubt felt more appropriate that Scriba should meet with Michael Wood, the commissioning editor for science and medical publications. On the roles of Davin and Wood at OUP during the 1960s, see The History of Oxford University Press, ed. William Roger Louis, vol. III (1896–1970), Oxford: Oxford University Press 2013, p. 108; Keith Ovenden, A Fighting Withdrawal: the life of Dan Davin, writer, soldier, publisher, Oxford: Oxford University Press 1996.

  25. 25.

    Christoph J. Scriba to A. M. Wood, 28 December 1964; Archive of the Wallis Edition.

  26. 26.

    A. M. Wood to Christoph J. Scriba, 6 January 1965; Archive of the Wallis Edition.

  27. 27.

    Christoph J. Scriba to Martin Gilchrist, 27 December 1989; Archive of the Wallis Edition.

  28. 28.

    In his letter to Gilchrist, Scriba expresses a preference for Word Perfect over LaTeX which he knew to be OUP’s choice, suggesting it provides “more convenient editorial features for normal text”. His main reason, however, was the practicality of the former: “also it is easier to learn (when one has frequently changing student assistants who do the typing) than TeX or LaTeX”.

  29. 29.

    Christoph J. Scriba, ‘Antrag auf eine Sachbeihilfe’, 30 June 1993; Archive of the Wallis Edition: “Ziel der Edition ist es, die wissenschaftliche Korrespondenz von Wallis erstmals vollständig zugänglich zu machen. Da dieser trotz seiner großen Bedeutung für die Wissenschaftsentwicklung in England in der 2. Hälfte des 17. Jahrhunderts nicht zu den ganz großen zu rechnen ist, da ferner insbesondere seine Korrespondenz mit Huygens, Leibniz und Newton in deren Ausgaben bereits vorliegt, sollen hier nur die bisher unveröffentlichten und einzelne, versteckt publizierte Briefe aufgenommen warden. Selbstverständlich werden alle bekannten Briefe (auch erschlossene, aber bisher nicht aufgefundene) in chronologischer Anordnung verzeichnet. Nach dem Vorbild der Leibniz-Ausgabe, die hierin mustergültig verfährt, sollen für sämtliche Briefe die Hinweise auf erhaltene Handschriften und Drucke aufgenommen werden, doch der Text selbst nur in den genannten Fällen.”

  30. 30.

    Christoph J. Scriba to Sylvester Rostosky, 16 October 1993; Archive of the Wallis Edition: “[…] da in der vorgesehenen Ausgabe der Korrespondenz von John Wallis auf die Wiedergabe all jener Briefe verzichtet warden soll, die bereits in den publizierten Korrespondenzen von Isaac Newton und Henry Oldenburg enthalten sind, ist beabsichtigt, die äußere Form diesen beiden Ausgaben möglichst anzugleichen. Das bedingt insbesondere, daß die lateinischen Briefe auch in englischer Übersetzung gebracht warden, weil sich leider heute viele Leser mit dem Latein schwer tun oder es gar nicht mehr verstehen.”

  31. 31.

    Christoph J. Scriba, Antrag auf eine Sachbeihilfe, 17 April 1997; Archive of the Wallis Edition: “Aus zwei Gründen müssen diese Zahlen jetzt leider stark nach oben korrigiert warden. Einerseits haben wir inzwischen Kenntnis von über 1100 Briefen von bzw. an Wallis. Andererseits—und das ist viel gravierender—hat sich bei der bisherigen Bearbeitung herausgestellt, daß die Wiedergabe der großen Zahl der in den 14 Bänden der Oldenburg-Correspondenz zwischen 1965 and 1986 edierten Briefe oft ungenau oder gar derart fehlerhaft ist, so daß eine Neuedition erforderlich wird. (Dies gilt insbesondere für die Vielzahl der Fälle, wo sowohl ein Konzept wie eine Abfertigung und/oder eine Abschrift existiert, da die dortige Edition häufig nur eine Fassung berücksichtigte.) Auch sind jene Briefe nicht von der eigentlichen Korrespondenz zu trennen, die zu Lebzeiten von Wallis (oft auszugsweise) als Aufsätze in den Philosophical Transactions publiziert wurden; denn hier gibt es viele inhaltliche Berührungspunkte.” Inadvertently, Scriba spoke in his application of fourteen rather than of thirteen volumes of the Oldenburg Correspondence.

  32. 32.

    Guido Lammers to Christoph J. Scriba, 10 October 1997; Archive of the Wallis Edition: “Die Briefe aus der Oldenburg-Korrespondenz können auf keinen Fall in die beantragte Edition eingeschlossen warden.”

  33. 33.

    See Christoph J. Scriba to Elizabeth Johnston, 29 April 2000; Archive of the Wallis Edition: “Our aim is to present the complete correspondence chronologically, since this approach allows the letters best to reflect the day-to-day activity of the author.”

  34. 34.

    Elizabeth Johnston to Christoph J. Scriba, 10 March 1999; Archive of the Wallis Edition: “Your plans for the publication of the Wallis Correspondence were presented to the Delegates at their recent meeting and I am pleased to tell you that your plan met with approval.”

  35. 35.

    Thus Marie Boas Hall writes in her letter to Scriba of 1 November 1999; Archive of the Wallis Edition: “I am very pleased to learn that you are working on the Wallis correspondence, a most worthy task and I fear involving much labour.”

  36. 36.

    Christoph J. Scriba to Guido Lammers, 30 October 1997; Archive of the Wallis Edition: “Zunächst eine Vorbemerkung: Allein unter wissenschaftshistorischen Aspekten gesehen, wäre eine vollständige Edition der Wallis-Korrespondenz die einzig zufriedenstellende Lösung. Denn es ist gerade das Ineinandergreifen der wissenschaftlichen, theologischen, politischen und Universitätskorrespondenz, das für die Beurteilung der Persönlichkeit wie der Situation der Wissenschaft im England des 17. Jahrhunderts so aufschlußreich ist. Dennoch hatte ich mich mit Rücksicht auf die schwierige Frage der Finanzierung zu einer Teiledition entschlossen, wie im Erstantrag und im Fortsetzungsantrag beschrieben. Die Tatsache, daß spätere Benutzer dieser Ausgabe dann zur gleichen Zeit Zugang zu einer Reihe von weiteren Briefeditionen bedeutender Zeitgenossen haben müssen, wollen sie die mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Wallis-Korrespondenz im Zusammenhang studieren, bedeutet eine erhebliche Erschwerung der späteren Benutzung und wissenschaftlichen Auswertung. Das wurde in Unterhaltungen mit Kollegen aus dem In- und Ausland auch schon moniert.”

  37. 37.

    Scriba, ‘Geschichte der Mathematik im Spiegel der Zeit’, p. 7: “Erstens glaube ich, daß die problemgeschichtliche Behandlung der mathematischen Entwicklung, wie sie Herr Hofmann in zuvor unerreichter Meisterschaft entwickelt hat bei Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der Mathematik bis ins 19. Jahrhundert hinein, in dieser Form nicht viel weiter fortgesetzt werden kann.” Scriba also discusses this question in a number of other publications. See ‘Über Aufgaben und Probleme mathematikhistorischer Forschung’, in: Beiträge zur Methodik der Wissenschaftsgeschichte, ed. Walter Baron, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag 1967, pp. 54–80, and ‘Geschichtsschreibung der Mathematik’, in: Gießener Universitätsblätter 2 (1970), pp. 44–51.

  38. 38.

    Scriba, ‘Geschichte der Mathematik im Spiegel der Zeit’, pp. 8–9. On this topic see also his article ‘Die Rolle der Geschichte der Mathematik in der Ausbildung von Schülern und Lehrern’, in: Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung 85 (1983), pp. 113–28.

  39. 39.

    See Christoph J. Scriba, ‘Die Tagungen zur Geschichte der Mathematik im Mathematischen Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach/Schwarzwald’, in: Nachrichtenblatt der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Medizin, Naturwissenschaft und Technik e.V 26 (1965), pp. 63–7. In this report, Scriba reveals that at one of the meetings he had given a talk on unpublished mathematical correspondence and manuscripts, no doubt those of Wallis (p. 65). See also his article ‘Dreißig Jahre Tagungen zur Geschichte der Mathematik im Mathematischen Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach’, in: Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 8 (1985), pp. 47–9.

  40. 40.

    Writing the History of Mathematics: its historical development, ed. Joseph W. Dauben and Christoph J. Scriba, Basel, Boston, Berlin: Birkhäuser Verlag 2002. On the background to this study see especially pp. xxv–xxvii.

  41. 41.

    Numerous hurdles had to be overcome to bring about these working arrangements up to 2007, for the Department of Mathematics at the University of Hamburg, of which the Institute for History of Science was a constituent part, at first insisted that the author could not even continue to work on the project without remuneration. Access to the project rooms was also forbidden due to potential problems of legal precedence in establishing a case for permanent employment. Fortunately, Scriba and the university administration were able to find a way around these issues so that the author was able to work in the project rooms whenever he was in Hamburg.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Philip Beeley .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Beeley, P. (2018). Historiographical Change and Editorial Practice: The Origins of the Edition of the Correspondence of John Wallis (1616–1703). In: Borgato, M., Neuenschwander, E., Passeron, I. (eds) Mathematical Correspondences and Critical Editions. Trends in the History of Science. Birkhäuser, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73577-1_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics