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Urban Heritage Management pp 55–80Cite as

Development of a Multidisciplinary Approach

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Abstract

This chapter argues that a multidisciplinary approach leads to a constructive comparison between the legacy of the historical-memorial processes immanent to the city and territory and the current visible forms of the landscape, which are the result of such processes. From silent to speaking territory which is seat of collective identity, starring role of the process of identification of a community, able to show its vocations and to direct its transformations. In such territory, there’s the city. From the Mediterranean sacred city inside the temenos or sacred enclosure, which differentiated what is interior (sacre) and external (heathen) to the enclosure, to the current city which is the result of historical stratification and must be open to the territory and its transformations. A multidisciplinary approach is a must be blueprint to new urban planning, the only one able to intercept contemporary complexity and to canalize it in the urban project.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The adjective is used here not to indicate that the city never changes but can be seen as a sort of model-idealtypus to which always refer. This seems to have happened mostly in three great moments of human history, those mentioned in the text.

  2. 2.

    In the historical-sociologic analysis it is not possible to prescind from the consideration of Weber’s city, the one that S. Momigliano defined as Max Weber’s masterpiece, in A. Momigliano (Momigliano 1984); according to Weber, L. Capogrossi Colognesi’s work is fundamental (Capogrossi Colognesi 1997). The interest in the city as political institution is highlighted in the essay about the city, published posthumous in Archiv für Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik (1920–21) and then collected in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Weber individuates in the Western city a political model of city unseen elsewhere, to which he associates the ancient polis and the medieval town. Weber’s analysis had a great fortune: his comparative vision has been highly quoted. For a useful synthesis, see Pietro Rossi’s essay “La città come impostazione politica: l’impostazione della ricerca” (AA.VV. 2001b).

  3. 3.

    Already mentioned before for La cité antique.

  4. 4.

    Like V. Arangio Ruiz’s one on the aristocratic theory.

  5. 5.

    Worth remembering G. Glotz’s work (Glotz 1928), for the French school; G. Busolt and H. Swoboda (Busolt and Swoboda 1920–1926) for the German school; J. Burckhardt, Martin, Wycherley, and others on the definition of the public space as archaeological clue of the formation of the city.

  6. 6.

    See. E. Meyer and V. Ehremberg’s writings from 1937 to 1974, in particular “Quando è nata la polis?” (AA. VV. 1980). K. Marx’s analysis on the ancient city deserves a different discourse. He individuated in the development of the job sharing and in the opposition between city and countryside one of the essential points for the development of the urban organism.

  7. 7.

    See for example, the case of the urban development plan for Rome and the polemics around the figure of G. Giovannoni. “La definizione del profilo dell’architetto totale è di G. Zucconi” (Giovannoni 1977).

  8. 8.

    The case of the public competition for the Land Use Plan for the “Greater Paris”, in 1919, by Jaussely, Export, Sellier, focused on the internal restoration of the city, the enhancement of the area of the fortifications (this will be a topic also in the new urban development plan for Rome by Marcelloni of 2003), and the planning of peripheral residential quarters that refer to the model of the garden city.

  9. 9.

    France established the departmental public offices for economic dwellings, thanks to the Bonnevay Law.

  10. 10.

    We share D. Calabi’s opinion published in Storia dell’urbanistica europea, op. cit., p. 219.

  11. 11.

    Also defined as transnational city by the exchanges, transactions, precisely, that continually happen between the contemporaneous metropolises.

  12. 12.

    See the enlightening studies by M. Castells, D. Harvey, S. Sassen, R. Sennett.

  13. 13.

    C. Macchi Cassia noted in a 1991 work that “the discourse about the correct use of the historical resources becomes an integral, fundamental part of the urban planning.”

  14. 14.

    Some of these theories and positions have been already highlighted synthetically in the previous chapters.

  15. 15.

    See the well-known definition by Lucio Gambi, in Storia d’Italia published for the editions of Einaudi.

  16. 16.

    On the theme of the communication in the urban planning discipline see the recent G. Caudo, A. L. Palazzo (Caudo and Palazzo 2000), concerning the communication of plans and projects, in accordance with the theory by P. Healey.

  17. 17.

    Clementi insisted on such a point for its consequences on the definition of identity, but even more for the study of the most appropriate way of governing the urban transformations.

  18. 18.

    For example, the Legge Regionale della Toscana (Tuscany Regional Law) n. 5 of 1995 referred to that from the normative point of view and took advantage of the method and objectives of the Territorial and Coordination Plan of the Florence Province and, above all, of the preliminary studies the Law n. 142/1990 is based on.

  19. 19.

    An updated list of the minor centers and their role in the different territorial systems is contained in L. Bellicini (Bellicini 1994); Cfr. the classic work of L. Gambi (1972).

  20. 20.

    See also the reflections developed in the same occasions by G. Macchi Cassia, G. Longhi, P. Falini, and A. Terranova.

  21. 21.

    La Sperimentazione dei Laboratori per il Recupero dei Centri Storici (the Experimentation of the Laboratories for the Historical Centers Recovery), with reference to art.7 “Direttive per i Centri Storici” (Directives for the Historical Centres) of the Regional Law 45/1989, has been possible thanks to the Convention between R.A.S.-Regione Autonoma della Sardegna (Assessorato Enti Locali, Finanze e Urbanistica) and the Università degli Studi di Cagliari (Dipartimento di Ingegneria del Territorio), under G. Deplano’s scientific direction.

  22. 22.

    On the building of a territory of excellency, see the studies by the Raggruppamento CIRIEC-Consorzio Sudgest-Demos SCPA, on behalf of the Amministrazione provinciale di Sassari (Provincial Administration of Sassari).

  23. 23.

    On the possibilities offered by the artistic creativity of projecting, around the monuments and the public space of public use, new forms of identity and the surplus value of art, see the great volume (AA.VV. 2004).

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  1. Department of Civil, Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

    Anna Maria Colavitti

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Colavitti, A.M. (2018). Development of a Multidisciplinary Approach. In: Urban Heritage Management. The Urban Book Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72338-9_3

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