Abstract
Side-blown process is regarded as an efficient, energy-saving, environment-friendly copper smelting technology. The arrangement of nozzles has significant impact on the distribution of emulsion droplets and flow pattern, which mainly decide the efficiency and result of the smelting process. In this paper, physical model was set up based on the same modified Froude number between model and industrial production. Effects of three kinds of nozzles on the size of emulsion droplet, field flow pattern and mixing time were analyzed. The results show: the SMD (Sauter mean diameter) of emulsion droplets turns normal distribution and the average SMD ranges from 2 to 4 mm. The size of emulsion droplets will decrease and the mixing time will be shorter when nozzles are more intensive. Two circulations exist in the fluid and the dead region (velocity below 0.05 m/s) will shrink when nozzles are arranged intensively.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- A i :
-
the interfacial area between two phases
- d 0 :
-
Diameter of the injection nozzle (m)
- d 32 :
-
the Sauter mean diameter of droplets
- d i :
-
the equivalent diameter of a single droplet
- Fr m :
-
Modified Froude number
- g :
-
Gravitational acceleration (m s−2)
- Q :
-
Gas flow rate (m3 s−1)
- V d :
-
the volume of the emulsified droplets
- ρ :
-
Density (kg m−3)
References
Yan H, Fangkan L, Zhenyang Z et al (2012) Influence of lance arrangement on bottom-blowing bath smelting process. Chin J Nonferrous Met 22:2393–2400
Yu Y, Zhi W, Xunliang L et al (2014) Simulation and experiment of influence of nozzle structure on bottom-blowing furnace flowing process. J Cent South Univ (Science and Technology) 45:4129–4137
Shuhua Z, Chaobin L, Tseqiang H (2003) CFD analysis of gas stirring behavior in side-blown metallic bath. J Cent South Univ Technol 34:148–151
Feng Y, Jun Z, Xiaolong L et al (2015) Physical simulation on mixing time in high efficient copper side-blown smelting reactor. Nonferrous Met (Extractive Metallurgy) 6:1–3, 21
Yamashita S, Iguchi M (2003) Control of reverse emulsification and mixing time in a bottom blown bath covered with top slag. ISIJ Int 43:1326–1332
Li B, Yin H, Zhou CQ et al (2008) Modeling of three-phase flows and behavior of slag/steel interface in an argon gas stirred ladle. ISIJ Int 48:1704–1711
Tang J, Wang N, Shyy W (2011) Flow structures of gaseous jets injected into water for underwater propulsion. Acta Mech Sin 27:461–472
Helmut L, Xie Y, Buhles T et al (2003) Slag emulsification during liquid steel desulphurisation by gas injection into the ladle. Steel Res 74:77–85
Misra P, Brahma DEO, Chhabra RP (1998) Dynamic model of slag foaming in oxygen steelmaking converters. ISIJ Int 38:1225–1232
Khaiavi LT, Barati M (2010) Cold model study of emulsification behavior in bottom blown metallurgical baths covered with thick slag. ISIJ Int 50:654–662
Iguchi M, Takeuchi H, Morita Z (1991) The flow field in air-water vertical bubbling jets in a cylindrical vessel. ISIJ Int 31:246–253
Iguchi M, Nozawa K, Morita Z (1991) Bubble characteristics in the momentum region of air-water vertical bubbling jet. ISIJ Int 31:952–959
Castello-Branco MASC, Klaus S (1994) Large-scale measurements of the physical characteristics of round vertical bubble plumes in liquids. Metallurgical and materials transactions B 25B:359–371
Tan Y, Deng X, Liu T et al (2017) Influence of NaCl on the oil/water interfacial and emulsifying properties of walnut protein-xanthan gum. Food Hydrocolloids 72:73–80
Acknowledgements
The authors wish to express their thanks to National Natural Science Fund Committee, which provided financial support for this work (No. U1402271).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
About this paper
Cite this paper
Li, Xl., Zhang, Ta., Liu, Y., Wang, Dx. (2018). Study on Emulsion Phenomena and Field Flow Pattern in Side-Blown Copper Smelting Process. In: Lambotte, G., Lee, J., Allanore, A., Wagstaff, S. (eds) Materials Processing Fundamentals 2018. TMS 2018. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72131-6_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72131-6_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-72130-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-72131-6
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)