Abstract
The Mediterranean region comprises a great diversity of indigenous goat breeds that are well adapted to the local environments. Indigenous goats play a significant economic, social, and environmental role providing income and ensuring food for the local population. Despite their relevant importance, indigenous goats are subjected to a variety of factors causing their progressive decline. The wide intensification of goat production with the goal to meet the increasing demands for animal products and to contribute to improving livelihoods is the major threats to goat genetic diversity. Also, in the absence of measures to ensure that the use of exotic genetic material is well planned, the impact on local breeds can be serious. To ensure a sustainability of indigenous goat genetic resource, some conservation methods grouping in situ, ex situ in vivo and in vitro (ex situ) conservation could be implemented. The successful implementation of these strategies requires an active involvement of farmers, researchers, governments, and nongovernmental and international institutions by developing and supporting various policy issues. This chapter highlights briefly the present situation of indigenous goat genetic resource and some policies implanted to ensure the sustainable conservation of these genetic resources in the Mediterranean region.
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Agossou, D.J., Koluman (Darcan), N. (2017). Sustainability of Local Goat Genetic Resources in the Mediterranean Region. In: Simões, J., Gutiérrez, C. (eds) Sustainable Goat Production in Adverse Environments: Volume I. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71855-2_2
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