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Sperm DNA and ART (IUI, IVF, ICSI) Pregnancy

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A Clinician's Guide to Sperm DNA and Chromatin Damage

Abstract

Traditionally, the diagnosis of male infertility is based on the conventional sperm parameters including concentration, motility and morphology. Threshold levels for normality are set by the World Health Organization.

Since 1992 men diagnosed with male factor infertility have been able to become biological fathers by the use of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). During ART, swim-up or density gradient centrifugation is used to sort out sperm populations with the highest fertilization potential. The decision on a particular ART methods applied on a given couple relies on the results of conventional semen parameters and density gradient centrifugation. However, it has become evident that none of these procedures is sufficient for the prediction of male fertility capacity.

Infertile men are shown to have significantly more sperm DNA damage compared to fertile men. During the last decades, DNA fragmentation was shown to be an independent predictor of time to pregnancy in spontaneous pregnancy as well as in couples undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI). Data regarding the role of sperm DNA fragmentation in relation to fertilization, pre-embryo development and pregnancy outcome in in vitro fertilization (IVF) and ICSI are, however, divided.

In the search for better markers of male fertility and prediction of ART result, several sperm DNA integrity tests have been developed. An increasing number of reports demonstrate the beneficial effects of implementing these tests into clinical practice.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Reproductive Medicine Centre, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

    Mona Bungum

  2. Reproductive Medicine Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

    Krzysztof Oleszczuk

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  1. Mona Bungum
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Correspondence to Mona Bungum .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada

    Armand Zini

  2. American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Ashok Agarwal

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Bungum, M., Oleszczuk, K. (2018). Sperm DNA and ART (IUI, IVF, ICSI) Pregnancy. In: Zini, A., Agarwal, A. (eds) A Clinician's Guide to Sperm DNA and Chromatin Damage. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71815-6_21

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