Abstract
We study a fictitious domain approach with Lagrange multipliers to discretize Stokes equations on a mesh that does not fit the boundaries. A mixed finite element method is used for fluid flow. Several stabilization terms are added to improve the approximation of the normal trace of the stress tensor and to avoid the inf-sup conditions between the spaces of the velocity and the Lagrange multipliers. We generalize first an approach based on eXtended Finite Element Method due to Haslinger-Renard (SIAM J Numer Anal 47(2):1474–1499, 2009) involving a Barbosa-Hughes stabilization and a robust reconstruction on the badly cut elements. Secondly, we adapt the approach due to Burman-Hansbo (Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 199(41–44):2680–2686, 2010) involving a stabilization only on the Lagrange multiplier. Multiple choices for the finite elements for velocity, pressure and multiplier are considered. Additional stabilization on pressure (Brezzi-Pitkäranta, Interior Penalty) is added, if needed. We prove the stability and the optimal convergence of several variants of these methods under appropriate assumptions. Finally, we perform numerical tests to illustrate the capabilities of the methods.
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The case of regular non-quasi-uniform meshes can also be easily treated at the expense of some technicalities. However, in applications, one will typically use a simplest possible mesh on D (for example, structured Cartesian) so that the quasi-uniformity restriction seems quite acceptable.
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Acknowledgements
We wish to thank Prof. Erik Burman for giving us the occasion to participate in the “Unfitted FEM” workshop and to contribute to this volume. We are indebted to Prof. Yves Renard—the main developer of GetFEM++ library, used for all our numerical experiments—for adapting this library for our needs and for useful advice.
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Fournié, M., Lozinski, A. (2017). Stability and Optimal Convergence of Unfitted Extended Finite Element Methods with Lagrange Multipliers for the Stokes Equations. In: Bordas, S., Burman, E., Larson, M., Olshanskii, M. (eds) Geometrically Unfitted Finite Element Methods and Applications. Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering, vol 121. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71431-8_5
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