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Tics and Tourette Syndrome

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Handbook of Childhood Psychopathology and Developmental Disabilities Treatment

Part of the book series: Autism and Child Psychopathology Series ((ACPS))

Abstract

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a childhood-onset, neurodevelopmental disorder that is diagnosed based on the presence of chronic motor and vocal tics. This chapter reviews the core clinical characteristic of tics and associated features including premonitory urges and contextual factors of tic expression. Co-occurring conditions including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorders, and disruptive behavior disorders are common in children with TS. The chapter provides guidelines for diagnostic assessment of TS and co-occurring psychopathology as well as a review of psychometric measures of tic severity. Current research on neurobiological underpinnings of tics and pathophysiology of TS is also reviewed and linked to an overview of behavioral and psychopharmacological treatment approaches. Particular attention is dedicated to a behavioral intervention for tics known as habit reversal training (HRT) or comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics (CBIT). Recent research on clinical efficacy and moderators of response to CBIT is discussed and clinical recommendations for implementing CBIT for common tics are provided. Lastly, behavioral interventions for irritability and noncompliance that are common in children with TS are also reviewed and related to recommendations for comprehensive clinical care for individuals with TS.

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Abbreviations

A-TAC:

Autism—Tics, AD/HD, and other Comorbidities inventory

ADHD:

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

BOLD:

Blood oxygenation level-dependent

CBIT:

Comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics

CBT:

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

CSTC:

Corticostriatal-thalamo-cortical

CTD:

Chronic tic disorder

D2:

Dopamine 2

EMG:

Electromyography

HRT:

Habit reversal training

MOVES:

Motor tic, Obsessions and compulsions, Vocal tic Evaluation Survey

OCD:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

PMd:

Dorsal premotor cortex

PMT:

Parent management training

PPI:

Prepulse inhibition

PUTS:

Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale

SMA:

Supplementary motor area

STSS:

Shapiro TS Severity Scale

TODS:

Tourette’s Disorder Scale

TS:

Tourette syndrome

TS-CGI:

Tourette Syndrome Clinical Global Impression

VSP:

Visuospatial priming

YGTSS:

Yale Global Tic Severity Scale

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Yale School of Medicine, Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, USA

    Denis G. Sukhodolsky, Theresa R. Gladstone, Shivani A. Kaushal, Justyna B. Piasecka & James F. Leckman

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  1. Denis G. Sukhodolsky
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  2. Theresa R. Gladstone
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  3. Shivani A. Kaushal
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  4. Justyna B. Piasecka
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  5. James F. Leckman
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Correspondence to Denis G. Sukhodolsky .

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  1. Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA

    Johnny L. Matson

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Chapter for “Handbook of Childhood Psychopathology and Developmental Disabilities” Johnny L. Matson, Editor, Springer.

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Sukhodolsky, D.G., Gladstone, T.R., Kaushal, S.A., Piasecka, J.B., Leckman, J.F. (2017). Tics and Tourette Syndrome. In: Matson, J. (eds) Handbook of Childhood Psychopathology and Developmental Disabilities Treatment . Autism and Child Psychopathology Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71210-9_14

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