Abstract
Entrapment neuropathy is the most frequent mono-neuropathy encountered in clinical practice. It is defined as a pressure-induced injury to a peripheral nerve usually by fibrous bands and ligaments at the level of fibro-osseous canals where the nerve runs.
The most common US finding of compression neuropathies concern fibrillar echotexture alterations and nerve thickness modifications, both due to the oedema, inflammation with hypervascularization, secondary remyelination, and fibrosis.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Suggested Readings
Ali ZS, Pisapia JM, Ma TS, Zager EL, Heuer GG, Khoury V. Ultrasonographic evaluation of peripheral nerves. World Neurosurg. 2016;85:333–9.
Hussain A, Winterton RIS. Peripheral nerve entrapment syndromes of the upper limb. Surgery. 2016;34(3):134–8.
Bendszus M, Wessig C, Schultz A, et al. Assessment of nerve degeneration by gadofluorine M-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Neurol. 2005;57(3):388–95.
Brown JM, Yablon CM, Morag Y, Brandon CJ, Jacobson JA. US of the peripheral nerves of the upper extremity: a landmark approach. Radiographics. 2016;36(2):452–63.
Caliandro P, La Torre G, Padua R, Giannini F, Padua L. Treatment for ulnar neuropathy at the elbow. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;11:CD006839.
Cass S. Upper extremity nerve entrapment syndromes in sports: an update. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2014;13(1):16–21.
Cheatham SW, Kolber MJ, Salamh PA. Meralgia paresthetica: a review of the literature. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2013;8(6):883–93.
Craig A. Entrapment neuropathies of the lower extremity. PMR. 2013;5(5 Suppl):S31–40.
Dahlin LB. Aspects on pathophysiology of nerve entrapments and nerve compression injuries. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 1991;2(1):21–9.
Ferkel E, Davis WH, Ellington JK. Entrapment neuropathies of the foot and ankle. Clin Sports Med. 2015;34(4):791–801.
Ferrante MA, Ferrante ND. The thoracic outlet syndromes: part 1. Overview of the thoracic outlet syndromes and review of true neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 2017 Jun;55(6):782–93.
Hobson-Webb LD, Juel VC. Common entrapment neuropathies. Continuum. 2017;23(2):487–511.
Kutlar N, et al. Diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome with Doppler ultrasonography: a comparison of ultrasonographic measurements and electrophysiological severity. Neurol Res. 2017;39(2):126–32.
Martinoli C, Tagliafico A, Bianchi S, et al. Peripheral nerve abnormalities, ultrasound clinics. Musculoskelet Ultrasound. 2007;2(4):655–67.
Neal S, Fields KB. Peripheral nerve entrapment and injury in the upper extremity. Am Fam Physician. 2010;81(2):147–55.
Padua L, Coraci D, Erra C, Pazzaglia C, Paolasso I, Loreti C, Caliandro P, Hobson-Webb LD. Carpal tunnel syndrome: clinical features, diagnosis, and management. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15(12):1273–84.
Strohl AB, Zelouf DS. Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome, Radial Tunnel Syndrome, Anterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome, and Pronator Syndrome. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2017;25(1):e1–e10.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Puntillo, F., Bertini, L. (2018). Nerve Entrapment Syndromes. In: Silvestri, E., Martino, F., Puntillo, F. (eds) Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Nerve Blocks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71020-4_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71020-4_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-71019-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-71020-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)