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Characterization and Alkaline Pretreatment Lignocellulose of Cabomba caroliniana and Its Role to Secure Sustainable Biofuel Production

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Transition Towards 100% Renewable Energy

Part of the book series: Innovative Renewable Energy ((INREE))

Abstract

Lignocellulose is a component of plant fiber and consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. High concentrations of lignin inhibit the access of cellulose-degrading enzymes in the process of hydrolysis. The aims of this research were to characterize the structure of lignocellulose from the aquatic plant C. caroliniana fresh and after pretreatment and to determine the optimum alkali concentration (NaOH 3% or 6%), temperature (55 °C or 80 °C), and pretreatment time (6 h or 12 h) for maximum degradation of lignin. Lignocellulose from fresh C. caroliniana contained 17.30 ± 0.13%, hemicellulose, 14.03 ± 0.32% cellulose, and 11.14 ± 0.68% lignin. The lowest yield of regenerated biomass (14.84 ± 0.36%) and the highest lignin extraction (3.56 ± 0.03 mg L−1) were obtained using 6% NaOH at a temperature of 80 °C for 12 h. Structural analysis of samples gave values of peak intensity for cellulose at 899 cm−1 and 1,200 cm−1; hemicellulose peak intensity was 1,161 cm−1. For fresh samples, the lignin peak intensity was 1,543 cm−1. Surface morphology of the sample showed changes in the plant network, which was disconnected and not compact. Alkaline pretreatment could be advantageous in the bioethanol production process and increase bioethanol fuel availability, thus becoming fundamental in realizing energy security.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Aquatic Product Technology Department of Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Institute for Research and Development of Post Harvest Agriculture and Indonesia Defense University. Thanks to Mr. Deny Verantika, Ms. Anggun Andreyani, and Ms. Asih Tri Marini for supporting the publication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Energy Security, Faculty of Defense Management, Indonesia Defense University, Bogor, Indonesia

    Eka Razak Kurniawan, Amarulla Octavian, Yanif Dwi Kuntjoro & Nugroho Adi Sasongko

  2. Aquatic Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia

    Eka Razak Kurniawan,  Uju & Joko Santoso

  3. The Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology, Central Jakarta, Indonesia

    Nugroho Adi Sasongko

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  1. Eka Razak Kurniawan
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  2. Uju
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  3. Joko Santoso
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  4. Amarulla Octavian
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  5. Yanif Dwi Kuntjoro
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  6. Nugroho Adi Sasongko
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Correspondence to Eka Razak Kurniawan .

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  1. World Renewable Energy Congress, Brighton, United Kingdom

    Ali Sayigh

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Kurniawan, E.R., Uju, Santoso, J., Octavian, A., Kuntjoro, Y.D., Sasongko, N.A. (2018). Characterization and Alkaline Pretreatment Lignocellulose of Cabomba caroliniana and Its Role to Secure Sustainable Biofuel Production. In: Sayigh, A. (eds) Transition Towards 100% Renewable Energy. Innovative Renewable Energy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69844-1_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69844-1_20

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-69843-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-69844-1

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