Abstract
This paper presents a cognitive agent model of fear of crime. The proposed model takes personality, environment, and perception of several events as input and calculates internal factors related to cognitive fear of crime, such as the belief about safety, community trust and likelihood of crime activities, and how they affect individual fear of crime. Simulation results suggest that community level of fear of crime and trust may emerge as the outcome of individuals’ reaction towards perception of crime activities related to their exogenous properties. In addition, a formal approach is put forward to evaluate the behaviours of the proposed model by means of formal techniques namely; mathematical analysis, parameter evaluation, and automated logical verification. The first and second approaches analyse the equilibria conditions and follow by automatically checking a number of expected properties as depicted in the literature. One of the major contributions of this model is the possibility that an analytical engine could be further developed to support community wellbeing.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ferraro, K.F., Grange, R.L.: The measurement of fear of crime. Sociol. Inq. 57, 70–97 (1987)
Bursik Jr., R.J., Grasmick, H.G.: Neighborhoods and Crime: The Dimensions of Effective Community Control. Lexington Books, Lexington (1993)
McGrath, S.A., Chananie-Hill, S.: Individual-level predictors of perceived safety: data from an international sample. Sociol. Focus 44(3), 231–254 (2011)
LaGrange, R.L., Ferraro, K.F., Supancic, M.: Perceived risk and fear of crime: role of social and physical incivilities. J. Res. Crime Delinq. 29(3), 311–334 (1992)
Zhao, J.S., Lawton, B., Longmire, D.: An examination of the micro-level crime-fear of crime link. Crime Delinq. 61, 19–44 (2015)
Jackson, J.C.: Agent-Based Modeling: A Guide for Social Psychologists. Soc. Psychol. Pers. Sci. (2016)
Chatterjee, R.K., Sharma, M., Sarkar, A.: Modeling of multi agent system from analysis to design. Int. J. Softw. Eng. Appl. 10(12), 149–168 (2016)
Braga, A.A.: Hot spots policing: theoretical perspectives, scientific evidence, and proper implementation. In: Teasdale, B., Bradley, M.S. (eds.) Preventing Crime and Violence. APS, pp. 269–279. Springer, Cham (2017). doi:10.1007/978-3-319-44124-5_23
Chadee, D., Ali, S., Burke, A., Young, J.: Fear of crime and community concerns: mediating effect of risk and pragmatic fear. J. Community Appl. Soc. Psychol. (2017)
Pearson, A.L., Breetzke, G., Ivory, V.: The effect of neighbourhood recorded crime on fear: does neighbourhood social context matter? Am. J. Community Psychol. 56(1–2), 170–179 (2015)
Johnson, R.R.: Reducing Fear of Crime and Increasing Citizen Support for Police (2016)
Melde, C., Berg, M.T., Esbensen, F.A.: Fear, social interactions, and violence mitigation. Justice Q. 33(3), 481–509 (2016)
Salem, G.W., Dan, A.L.: Fear of Crime: Incivility and the Production of a Social Problem. Transaction Publishers, Piscataway (2016)
Valera, S., Guà rdia, J.: Perceived insecurity and fear of crime in a city with low-crime rates. J. Environ. Psychol. 30(38), 195–205 (2014)
Sharpanskykh, A., Treur, J.: A temporal trace language for formal modelling and analysis of agent systems. In: Dastani, M., Hindriks, K., Meyer, J.J. (eds.) Specification and Verification of Multi-agent Systems, pp. 317–352. Springer, Boston (2010)
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the UUM-Internal Research Grant [S/O 13615].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ab Aziz, A., Shabli, A.H.M., Ghanimi, H.M.A. (2017). Formal Specifications and Analysis of an Agent-Based Model for Cognitive Aspects of Fear of Crime. In: Phon-Amnuaisuk, S., Ang, SP., Lee, SY. (eds) Multi-disciplinary Trends in Artificial Intelligence. MIWAI 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10607. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69456-6_28
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69456-6_28
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-69455-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-69456-6
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)