Skip to main content

Behçet’s Disease

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Pigmented Ethnic Skin and Imported Dermatoses
  • 965 Accesses

Abstract

Behçet’s disease (BD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory multisystem disease of unknown aetiology with the clinical features of mucocutaneous lesions and ocular, vascular, articular, neurologic, gastrointestinal, urogenital, pulmonary, and cardiac involvement [1, 2]. Mucocutaneous lesions are in the clinical presentation and can be considered the hallmarks of the disease. Their knowledge and recognition will permit earlier diagnosis and introduction of treatment with beneficial prognostic results for those affected. In most patients, the diagnosis can be made clinically on the basis of the mucocutaneous symptoms [2]. Since there is no pathognomonic test, multinational data have been recently revised, and International Criteria for Behçet’s Disease (ICBD) have been proposed by an international team as a guide for BD diagnosis and classification [3].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 279.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Behçet H. Uber rezidivierende aphthöse, durch ein Virus verursachte Geschwure, am Mund, am Auge, und an den Genitalien. Dermatol Wochenschr. 1937;105:1152–7.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Alpsoy E. Behçet’s disease: a comprehensive review with a focus on epidemiology, etiology and clinical features, and management of mucocutaneous lesions. J Dermatol. 2016;43:620–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. International Team for the Revision of the International Criteria for Behçet’s Disease (ITR-ICBD). The international criteria for Behçet’s disease (ICBD): a collaborative study of 27 countries on the sensitivity and specificity of the new criteria. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014;28:338–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Alpsoy E, Donmez L, Onder M, et al. Clinical features and natural course of Behcet’s disease in 661 cases: a multicentre study. Br J Dermatol. 2007;157:901–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Azizlerli G, Kose AA, Sarica R, et al. Prevalence of Behcet’s disease in Istanbul, Turkey. Int J Dermatol. 2003;42:803–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Assaad-Khalil SH, Kamel FA, Ismail EA. Starting a national registry for patients with Behçet’s disease in North West Nile Delta region in Egypt. In: Hamza M, editor. Behçet’s disease. Tunis (Tunisia): Pub Adhoua; 1979. p. 173–6.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Meda JR, Seni J, Mpondo B, Peck RN, Jaka H, Kilonzo SB. Behcet’s disease presenting with recurrent ocular, oral, and scrotal inflammatory lesions in a young Tanzanian man: a case report. Clin Case Rep. 2014;2:133–6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Calamia KT, Wilson FC, Icen M, Crowson CS, Gabriel SE, Kremers HM. Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of Behçet’s disease in the US: a population-based study. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;61(5):600–4.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Mahr A, Belarbi L, Wechsler B, et al. Population-based prevalence study of Behçet’s disease differences by ethnic origin and low variation by age at immigration. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58:3951–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Ekinci NS, Alpsoy E, Karakas AA, Yilmaz SB, Yegin O. IL-17A has an important role in the acute attacks of Behçet’s disease. J Invest Dermatol. 2010;130:2136–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. de Menthon M, Lavalley MP, Maldini C, Guillevin L, Mahr A. HLA-B51/B5 and the risk of Behcet's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control genetic association studies. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;61:1287–96.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Hughes T, Coit P, Adler A, et al. Identification of multiple independent susceptibility loci in the HLA region in Behçet’s disease. Nat Genet. 2013;45:319–24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Fei Y, Webb R, Cobb BL, Direskeneli H, Saruhan-Direskeneli G, Sawalha AH. Identification of novel genetic susceptibility loci for Behcet’s disease using a genome-wide association study. Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11:R66.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Hou S, Yang Z, Du L, et al. Identification of a susceptibility locus in STAT4 for Behcet’s disease in Han Chinese in a genome-wide association study. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64:4104–13.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Kirino Y, Bertsias G, Ishigatsubo Y, et al. Genome-wide association analysis identifies new susceptibility loci for Behcet’s disease and epistasis between HLA-B-51 and ERAP1. Nat Genet. 2013;45:202–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Lee YJ, Horie Y, Wallace GR, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies GIMAP as a novel susceptibility locus for Behcet’s disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72:1510–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Mizuki N, Meguro A, Ota M, et al. Genome-wide association studies identify IL23R-IL12RB2 and IL10 as Behcet’s disease susceptibility loci. Nat Genet. 2010;42:703–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Remmers EF, Cosan F, Kirino Y, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies variants in the MHC class I, IL10, and IL23R-IL12RB2 regions associated with Behcet’s disease. Nat Genet. 2010;42:698–702.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Oh S, Han EC, Lee JH, Bang DT. Comparison of the clinical features of recurrent aphthous stomatitis and Behçet’s disease. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2009;34:e208–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Alpsoy E, Zouboulis CC, Ehrlich CE. Mucocutaneous lesions of Behçet’s disease. Yonsei Med J. 2007;48:573–85.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Kim B, LeBoit PE. Histopathologic features of erythema nodosum-like lesions in Behcet disease: a comparison with erythema nodosum focusing on the role of vasculitis. Am J Dermatopathol. 2000;22:379–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Tunc R, Saip S, Siva A, Yazici H. Cerebral venous thrombosis is associated with major vessel disease in Behçet's syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004;63:1693–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Ugurlu N, Bozkurt S, Bacanli A, Akman-Karakas A, Uzun S, Alpsoy E. The natural course and factors affecting severity of Behçet’s disease: a single-center cohort of 368 patients. Rheumatol Int. 2015;35:2103–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Kural-Seyahi E, Fresko I, Seyahi N, et al. The long-term mortality and morbidity of Behcet syndrome: a 2-decade outcome survey of 387 patients followed at a dedicated center. Medicine (Baltimore). 2003;82:60–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Ideguchi H, Suda A, Takeno M, Ueda A, Ohno S, Ishigatsubo Y. Behçet disease: evolution of clinical manifestations. Medicine (Baltimore). 2011;90:125–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Bonitsis NG, Luong Nguyen LB, LaValley MP, et al. Gender-specific differences in Adamantiades-Behçet’s disease manifestations: an analysis of the German registry and meta-analysis of data from the literature. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015;54:121–33.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Yazici H, Tuzun Y, Pazarli H, et al. Influence of age of onset and patient’s sex on the prevalans and severity of manifestations of Behçet’s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 1984;43:783–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Erkan Alpsoy .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Alpsoy, E. (2018). Behçet’s Disease. In: Orfanos, C., Zouboulis, C., Assaf, C. (eds) Pigmented Ethnic Skin and Imported Dermatoses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69422-1_33

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69422-1_33

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-69421-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-69422-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics