Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Shear Zones in Brasiliano-Pan-African Belts and Their Role in the Amalgamation and Break-Up of Southwest Gondwana

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Geology of Southwest Gondwana

Part of the book series: Regional Geology Reviews ((RGR))

Abstract

Crustal-scale shear zones are ubiquitous in most Brasiliano–Pan-African belts of southwestern Gondwana and they resulted from the assembly of the Río de la Plata, Congo and Kalahari cratons. In the Dom Feliciano Belt, the Sierra Ballena-Dorsal do Canguçu-Major Gercino shear zone system and Sarandí del Yí Shear Zone are the most prominent structures, and they share a common history with shear zones of the Kaoko Belt, such as the Purros and Three Palms Mylonite Zones. The Purros Mylonite Zone, in turn, can be traced further south in the Damara Belt, where it is correlated with the Ogden Mylonite Zone. All these orogen-parallel shear zones underwent ductile deformation mostly at c. 630–580 Ma. However, further shearing is recorded in both the Kaoko and Dom Feliciano Belts at c. 550 Ma, thus being coeval with shearing along the Colenso Fault of the Saldania Belt. Though the Brasiliano–Pan-African Orogeny led to a relative stabilization of the South American and African continental crust by the early Paleozoic, shear zones were subsequently reactivated under brittle conditions during the Phanerozoic. These fault zones were particularly active during the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean in the Cretaceous, controlling magmatism emplacement, basin development and crustal exhumation. Shear zones thus played a major role not only during the Neoproterozoic assembly but also during the subsequent break-up of Gondwana.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Almeida FFM et al (1973) The precambrian evolution of the South American cratonic margin, South of Amazonas River. In: Nairn ACM et al (eds) The ocean basins and margins. Plenum, New York, pp 411–446

    Google Scholar 

  • Almeida RP et al (2010) The ediacaran to Cambrian rift system of Southeastern South America: tectonic implications. J Geol 118:145–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Babinski M et al (1997) U-Pb and Sm-Nd geochronology of the Neoproterozoic granitic-gneissic Dom Feliciano belt, southern Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 10:263–274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes SJ (1983) Pan-African serpentinites in central south West Africa/Namibia and the chemical classification of serpentinites. Spec Pub Geol Soc S Afr 11:147–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Basei MAS (1985) O Cinturão Dom Feliciano em Santa Catarina. Dissertation, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo

    Google Scholar 

  • Basei MAS et al (2000) The Dom Feliciano Belt of Brazil and Uruguay and its Foreland Domain the Rio de la Plata Craton: framework, tectonic evolution and correlation with similar provinces of Southwestern Africa. In: Cordani UG et al (eds) Tectonic evolution of South America. International Geological Congress, Rio de Janeiro, pp 311–334

    Google Scholar 

  • Basei MAS et al (2005) The connection between the Neoproterozoic Dom Feliciano (Brazil/Uruguay) and Gariep (Namibia/South Africa) orogenic belts. Precambr Res 139:139–221

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Basei MAS et al (2008) West Gondwana amalgamation based on detrital zircon ages from Neoproterozoic Ribeira and Dom Feliciano belts of South America and comparison with coeval sequences from SW Africa. In: Pankhurst RJ et al (eds) West Gondwana: pre-cenozoic correlations across the South Atlantic region. Geological Society of London Special Publications, London, vol 294, 239–256

    Google Scholar 

  • Basei MAS et al (2009) The evolution and tectonic setting of the Luis Alves microplate of Southeastern Brazil: an exotic terrane during the assembly of Western Gondwana. In: Gaucher C et al (eds) Neoproterozoic-cambrian tectonics, global change and evolution: a focus on Southwestern Gondwana. Developments in Precambrian Geology, Amsterdam, Elsevier vol 16, pp 273–291

    Google Scholar 

  • Basei MAS et al (2011a) The Itajaí foreland basin: a tectono-sedimentary record of the Ediacaran period, Southern Brazil. Int J Earth Sci 100:543–569

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Basei MAS et al (2011b) Tectonic evolution of the Brusque group, Dom Feliciano belt, Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 32:324–350

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Basei MAS et al (2013) Polycyclic evolution of Camboriú Complex migmatites, Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil: integrated Hf isotopic and U-Pb age zircon evidence of episodic reworking of a Mesoarchean juvenile crust. Braz J Geol 43:427–443

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belcher RW, Kisters AFM (2003) Lithostratigraphic correlations in the western branch of the Pan-African Saldania belt, South Africa: the Malmesbury Group revisited. S Arf J Geol 106:327–342

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bitencourt MF, Kruhl JH (2000) Crustal-scale shearing, magmatism and the development of deformation structures: an example from Santa Catarina (Southern Brazil). Z Angew Geol SH1, 229–236

    Google Scholar 

  • Bitencourt MF, Nardi LVS (2000) Tectonic setting and sources of magmatism related to the Southern Brazilian shear Belt. Rev Bras Geociênc 30:186–189

    Google Scholar 

  • Bitencourt MF et al (2008) Estratigrafia do Batólito Florianópolis, Cinturão Dom Feliciano, na Região de Garopaba-Paulo Lopes, SC. Pesqui Geociênc 35:109–136

    Google Scholar 

  • Bossi J, Campal N (1992) Magmatismo y tectónica transcurrente durante el Paleozoico inferior del Uruguay. In: Gutiérrez J et al (eds) Paleozoico Inferior de Ibero-América. Universidad de Extremadura, Alicante, pp 343–356

    Google Scholar 

  • Bossi J, Gaucher C (2004) The Cuchilla Dionisio Terrane, Uruguay: an allochthonous block accreted in the Cambrian to SW-Gondwana. Gondwana Res 7:661–674

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caldasso ALS et al (1995a) Programa de Levantamentos Geológicos Básicos 1: 100000; Folha Brusque (SG-22-Z-D-II-1), SC. Serviço Geológico do Brasil—CPRM, Brasília

    Google Scholar 

  • Caldasso ALS et al (1995b) Programa de Levantamentos Geológicos Básicos 1: 100000; Folha Botuverá (SG-22-Z-D-I-2), SC. Serviço Geológico do Brasil—CPRM, Brasília

    Google Scholar 

  • Campal N, Schipilov A (1995) The Illescas bluish quartz rapakivi granite (Uruguay-South America): some geological features. Symposium Rapakivi granites and related rocks, Abstracts, 18

    Google Scholar 

  • Chemale F et al (2011) Geochronology and sources of late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian granites of the Saldania Belt. Int J Earth Sci 100:431–444

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chemale F et al (2012) Time constraints on magmatism along the Major Gercino Shear Zone, southern Brazil: implications for West Gondwana reconstruction. Gondwana Res 22:184–199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cingolani CA (2011) The Tandilia system of Argentina as a southern extension of the Río de la Plata craton: an overview. Int J Earth Sci 100:221–242

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clemson J et al (1997) Structural segmentation and the influence of basement structure on the Namibian passive margin. J Geol Soc London 154:477–482

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corner B (2000) Crustal framework of Namibia derived from magnetic and gravity data. Communs Geol Surv Namibia 12:15–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Corner B (2008) Crustal framework of Namibia derived from an integrated interpretation of geophysical and geological data. In: McG Miller R (ed) The geology of Namibia. Geological Survey of Namibia, Windhoek, pp 2-1–2-19

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa AFU (1997) Teste de Modelagem geofisica da Estruturação das Associações Litotectônicas Pré-Cambrianas no Escudo Sul-riograndense. Dissertation, Universidade Federal de Rio Grande do Sul

    Google Scholar 

  • Coward MP (1983) The tectonic history of the Damara belt. In: McG Miller R (ed) Evolution of the Damara Orogen of South West Africa/Namibia. Geological Society of South Africa, Johannesburg, vol 11, pp 409–421

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalla Salda L et al (1988) The Río de la Plata cratonic region of southwestern Gondwanaland. Episodes 11:263–269

    Google Scholar 

  • da Silva LC (1991) O cinturão metavulcanossedimentar Brusque e a evoluç ão policíclica das faixas dobradas proterozóicas no sul do Brasil: uma revisão. Rev Bras Geociênc 21:60–73

    Google Scholar 

  • da Silva LC, Dias AA (1981) Projeto Timbó-Barra Velha. DNPM/CPRM Internal Report, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Google Scholar 

  • da Silva LC et al (1997) SHRIMP U/Pb zircon dating of Neoproterozoic granitic magmatism and collision in the Pelotas batholith, southernmost Brazil. Int Geol Rev 41:531–551

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • da Silva LC et al (2000) U-Pb SHRIMP and Sm-Nd age constraints on the timing and sources of the Pan-African Cape Granite Suite, South Africa. J Afr Earth Sci 30:795–815

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • da Silva LC et al (2005) The neoproterozoic Mantiqueira Province and its African connections: a zircon-based U-Pb geochronologic subdivision for the Brasiliano/Pan-African systems of orogens. Precambr Res 136:203–240

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandes LAD, Koester E (1999) The Neoproterozoic Dorsal de Canguqii strike-slip shear zone: Its nature and role in the tectonic evolution of southern Brazil. J Afr Earth Sci 29:3–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandes LAD et al (1992) Deformation patterns in the southern Brazilian branch of the Dom Feliciano Belt: a reappraisal. J S Am Earth Sci 5:77–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandes LAD et al (1993) Zona de cisalhamento transcorrente Dorsal de Canguçu: Caracterizacão e importancia na compartimentação tectônica do Cinturão Dom Feliciano. Rev Bras Geociênc 23:1–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernandes LAD et al (1995a) Evolução Tectônica do Cinturão Dom Feliciano no Escudo Sul-riograndense: Parte I- Uma Contribuição a partir do registro geológico. Rev Bras Geociênc 25:351–374

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernandes LAD et al (1995b) Evolução Tectônica do Cinturão Dom Feliciano no Escudo Sul-riograndense: Parte II- Uma Contribuição a partir do registro geofísico. Rev Bras Geociênc 25:375–384

    Google Scholar 

  • Florisbal LM et al (2009) Early postcollisional granitic and coeval mafic magmatism of medium- to high-K tholeiitic affinity within the Neoproterozoic Southern Brazilian Shear Belt. Precambr Res 175:135–148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Florisbal LMF et al (2012a) Contrasted crustal sources as defined by whole-rock and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope geochemistry of Neoproterozoic early post-collisional granitic magmatism within the Southern Brazilian Shear Belt, Camboriú, Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 39:24–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Florisbal LMF et al (2012b) Petrogenesis of syntectonic granites emplaced at the transition from thrusting to transcurrent tectonics in post-collisional setting: whole-rock and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope geochemistry in the Neoproterozoic Quatro Ilhas and Mariscal granites, southern Brazil. Lithos 153:53–71

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Florisbal LMF et al (2012c) Space-time relation of post-collisional granitic magmatism in Santa Catarina, southern Brazil: U-Pb LA-MC-ICP-MS zircon geochronology of coeval mafic-felsic magmatism related to the major Gercino Shear Zone. Precambr Res 216–219:132–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foster DA et al (2009) Rapid exhumation of deep crust in an obliquely convergent orogen: the Kaoko Belt of the Damara Orogen. Tectonics 28, TC4002. https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008TC002317

  • Foster DA et al (2015) U-Pb age and Lu-Hf isotopic data of detrital zircons from Neoproterozoic Damara Sequence: implications for pre-Gondwana proximity of Congo and Kalahari. Gondwana Res 28:179–190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frantz JC et al (2003) SHRIMP U-Pb zircon ages of granitoids from southernmost Brazil: constrains on the temporal evolution of the Dorsal de Canguçu transcurrent Shear Zone and Eastern Dom Feliciano Belt. IV South American Symposium on Isotope Geology, Short Papers, pp 174–177

    Google Scholar 

  • Frimmel HE, Frank W (1998) Neoproterozoic tectono-thermal evolution of the Gariep Belt and its basement, Namibia/South Africa. Precambr Res 90:1–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frimmel HE et al (2011) Neoproterozoic geodynamic evolution of SW-Gondwana: a southern African perspective. Int J Earth Sci 100:323–354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frimmel HE et al (2013) A new lithostratigraphic subdivision and geodynamic model for the Pan-African western Saldania Belt, South Africa. Precambr Res 231:218–235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ganade CE et al (2016) Tightening-up NE Brazil and NW Africa connections: new U–Pb/Lu–Hf zircon data of a complete plate tectonic cycle in the Dahomey belt of the West Gondwana Orogen in Togo and Benin. Precambrian Res 276:24–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaucher C et al (2009) Tectonic events and palaeogeographic evolution of southwestern Gondwana in the Neoproterozoic and Cambrian. In: Gaucher C et al (eds) Neoproterozoic-cambrian tectonics, global change and evolution: a focus on Southwestern Gondwana. Developments in Precambrian Geology, Amsterdam, Elsevier, vol 16, pp 295–316

    Google Scholar 

  • Goscombe BD, Gray DR (2007) The Coastal Terrane of the Kaoko Belt, Namibia: outboard arc-terrane and tectonic significance. Precambr Res 155:139–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goscombe BD, Gray DR (2008) Structure and strain variation at midcrustal levels in a transpressional orogen: a review of Kaoko Belt structure and the character of West Gondwana amalgamation and dispersal. Gondwana Res 13:45–85

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goscombe B et al (2003) Structure of the Kaoko Belt, Namibia: progressive evolution of a classic transpressional orogen. J Struct Geol 25:1049–1081

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goscombe BD et al (2004) Variation in metamorphic style along the northern margin of the Damara Orogen, Namibia. J Petrol 45:1261–1295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goscombe B et al (2005a) Event geochronology of the Pan-African Kaoko Belt, Namibia. Precambrian Res vol 140, pp 103.e1–103.e41

    Google Scholar 

  • Goscombe B et al (2005) Extrusional tectonics in the core of a transpressional orogen, the Kaoko Belt, Namibia. J Petrol 46:1203–1241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goscombe B et al (2017a) Deformation correlations, stress field rotation and evolution of an orogenic intersection: the Pan-African Kaoko-Damara orogenic junction, Namibia. Geosci Front 8:1187–1232

    Google Scholar 

  • Goscombe B et al (2017b) Metamorphic response and crustal architecture in a classic collisional orogen: the Damara Belt, Namibia. Gondwana Res 52:80–124

    Google Scholar 

  • Granot R, Dyment J (2015) The Cretaceous opening of the South Atlantic Ocean. Earth Planet Sc Lett 414:156–163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gray DR et al (2006) 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology of the PaneAfrican Damara Orogen, Namibia, with implications for tectonothermal and geodynamic evolution. Precambr Res 150:49–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gray DR et al (2008) A Damara orogeny perspective on the assembly of southwestern Gondwana. In: Pankhurst RJ et al (eds) West Gondwana: pre-cenozoic correlations across the South Atlantic Region. Geological Society of London Special Publications, London, vol 294, pp 257–278

    Google Scholar 

  • Gresse PG et al (2006) Namibian (Neoproterozoic) to early Cambrian successions. In: Johnson MR et al (eds) The geology of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa and Council for Geoscience, Johannesburg and Pretoria, pp 395–420

    Google Scholar 

  • Guadagnin F et al (2010) Depositional age and provenance of the Itajaí Basin, Santa Catarina State, Brazil: implications for SW Gondwana correlation. Precambr Res 180:156–182

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guj P (1970) The Damara mobile belt in the South-Western Kaokoveld, South West Africa. PhD Thesis. University of Cape Town

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann LA et al (1999) Deepest exposed crust of Brazil—SHRIMP establishes three events. Geology 27:947–950

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann LA et al (2000) Advances in SHRIMP geochronology and their impact on understanding the tectonic and metallogenic evolution of southern Brazil. Aust J Earth Sci 47:829–844

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann LA et al (2001) Archean crust in the Río de la Plata Craton, Uruguay—SHRIMP U-Pb zircon reconnaissance geochronology. J S Am Earth Sci 4:557–570

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann LA et al (2003) Prolonged Paleoproterozoic magmatic participation in the Neoproterozoic Dom Feliciano belt, Santa Catarina, Brazil, based on zircon U-Pb SHRIMP geochronology. J S Am Earth Sci 16:477–492

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann LA et al (2004) Paleoproterozoic provenance of detrital zircon, Porongos Complex quartzites, southern Brazilian Shield. Int Geol Rev 46:127–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann LA et al (2008) Protolith age of Santa Maria Chico granulites dated on zircons from an associated amphibolite-facies granodiorite in southernmost Brazil. An Braz Acad Sci 80:543–551

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann LA et al (2011) Time frame of 753–680 Ma juvenile accretion during the São Gabriel orogeny, southern Brazil. Gondwana Res 19:84–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann LA et al (2015) Airborne geophysical characterization of geotectonic relationships in the southern Ribeira Belt, Luís Alves Craton, and northern Dom Feliciano Belt. Int Geol Rev, Brazilian Shield. https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2015.1089424

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartnady CJH et al (1974) The stratigraphy and structure of the Malmesbury Group in the southwestern Cape. Bulletin of the Precambrian Research Unit, University of Cape Town 15:193–213

    Google Scholar 

  • Heintz M et al (2003) Shear wave splitting in SE Brazil: an effect of active or fossile upper mantle flow, or both? Earth Planet Sc Lett 211:79–95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann K-H (1989) New aspects of lithostratigraphic subdivision and correlation of late Proterozoic to early Cambrian rocks of the southern Damara Belt, and their correlation with central and northern Damara Belt and the Gariep Belt. Communs Geol Surv Namibia 5:59–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann K-H et al (2004) U-Pb zircon date from the Neoproterozoic Ghaub formation, Namibia: constraints on Marinoan glaciation. Geology 32:817–820

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hueck M et al (2016) Origin and evolution of the granitic intrusions in the Brusque group of the Dom Feliciano Belt, south Brazil: petrostructural analysis and whole-rock/isotope geochemistry. J S Am Earth Sci 69:131–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hueck M et al (2017) Phanerozoic low-temperature evolution of the Uruguayan Shield along the South American passive margin. J Geol Soc London. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2016-101

    Google Scholar 

  • James DE, Assumpção M (1996) Tectonic implications of S-wave anisotropy beneath SE Brazil. Geophy J Int 126:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karl M et al (2013) Evolution of the South Atlantic passive continental margin in southern Brazil derived from zircon and apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He and fission-track data. Tectonophysics 604:224–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kasch KW (1983) Continental collision, suture propagation and thermal relaxation: a plate tectonic model for the Damara Orogen in central Namibia. Spec Pub Geol Soc S Afr 11:423–429

    Google Scholar 

  • Kisters AFM et al (2002) Timing and kinematics of the Colenso Fault: the early paleozoic shift from collisional to extensional tectonics in the Pan-African Saldania Belt, South Africa. S Afr J Geol 56:257–270

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kisters AFM et al (2004) Thrust-related dome structures in the Karibib district and the origin of orthogonal fabric domains in the south Central Zone of the Pan-African Damara belt, Namibia. Precambr Res 133:283–303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kitt S et al (2016) Shear-zone hosted copper mineralisation of the Omitiomire deposit—structural controls of fluid flow and mineralisation during subduction accretion in the Pan-African Damara Belt of Namibia. Ore Geol Rev 75:1–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koester E et al (1997) Geocronologia Rb/Sr e K/Ar dos granitóides sintectônicos à Zona de Cisalhamento Transcorrente Dorsal de Canguçu. Pesquis Geociênc 24:67–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Koester E et al (2001a) Petrologia dos granitóides sintectônicos à Zona de Cisalhamento Transcorrente Dorsal de Canguçu, Encruzilhada do Sul, RS. Rev Bras Geociênc 31:131–140

    Google Scholar 

  • Koester E et al (2001b) Geologia e geoquímica de granitóides sintectônicos à Zona de Cisalhamento Transcorrente Dorsal do Canguçu, Encruzilhada do Sul, RS. Rev Bras Geociênc 31:141–154

    Google Scholar 

  • Koester E et al (2001c) SHRIMP U-Pb age for the emplacement of the Santana Granite and reactivation of the Porto Alegre Suture, southern Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 14:91–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koester E et al (2016) Further evidence of 777 Ma subduction-related continental arc magmatism in Eastern Dom Feliciano Belt, southern Brazil: the Chácara das Pedras Orthogneiss. J S Am Earth Sci 68:155–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Konopásek J et al (2005) Oblique collision and evolution of large-scale transcurrent shear zones in the Kaoko belt, NW Namibia. Precambr Res 139:139–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Konopásek J et al (2008) Neoproterozoic igneous complex emplaced along major tectonic boundary in the Kaoko Belt (NW Namibia): Ion probe and LAICP-MS dating of magmatic and metamorphic zircons. J Geol Soc London 165:153–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Konopásek J et al (2014) Timing and sources of pre-collisional Neoproterozoic sedimentation along the SW margin of the Congo Craton (Kaoko Belt, NW Namibia). Gondwana Res 26:386–401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Konopásek J et al (2016) Linking the basement geology along the Africa-South America coasts in the South Atlantic. Precambr Res. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2016.05.011

    Google Scholar 

  • Kröner S et al (2004) U-Pb and Pb-Pb zircon ages for metamorphic rocks in the Kaoko Belt of Northwestern Namibia: a Palaeo- to Mesoproterozoic basement reworked during the Pan-African orogeny. S Afr J Geol 107:455–476

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kukla PA, Stanistreet IG (1991) The record of the Damaran Khomas Hochland accretionary prism in central Namibia: refutation of the “ensialic” origin of a Late Proterozoic orogenic belt. Geology 19: 473–476

    Google Scholar 

  • Lara P et al (2017) Post-collisional, Late Neoproterozoic, high-Ba-Sr granitic magmatism from the Dom Feliciano Belt and its cratonic foreland, Uruguay: petrography, geochemistry, geochronology, and tectonic implications. Lithos 277:178–198

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann J et al (2015) Structural and geochronological constraints of the Pan-African tectonic evolution of the northern Damara Belt. Tectonics 35:103–135. Namibia

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann J et al (2016) Structural and geochronological constraints on the Pan-African tectonic evolution of the northern Damara Belt, Namibia. Tectonics 35:103–135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leite JAD et al (1998) SHRIMP U/Pb zircon geochronology of Neoproterozoic juvenile and crustal-reworked terranes in southernmost Brazil. Int Geol Rev 40:688–705

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lena LOF et al (2014) The evolution of the Neoproterozoic São Gabriel juvenile terrane, southern Brazil based on high spatial resolution U-Pb ages and δ18O data from detrital zircons. Precambr Res 247:126–138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Limarino CO, Spalletti LA (2006) Paleogeography of the upper Paleozoic basins of southern South America: an overview. J S Am Earth Sci 22:134–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lopes CG et al (2015) Provenance of the Passo Feio complex, São Gabriel Terrane, Dom Feliciano Belt, southern Brazil, implications for the tectonic setting of deposition, age of the São Gabriel Arc and origin of Paleoarchean detrital zircons (3.3–3.63 Ga). J S Am Earth Sci 58:9–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luzardo R, Fernandes LAD (1990) Análise estrutural do Lineamento do Ibaré parte I—Filitos de Ibaré—greenstone belt ou cobertura cratônica deformada? Acta Geol Leopoldensia 30:25–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Mallmann G et al (2007) Isotope geochemistry and geochronology of the Nico Pérez Terrane, Rio de la Plata Craton, Uruguay. Gondwana Res 12:489–508

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martini A, Bitencourt MD (2014) Caacterização cinemática de uma zona de cisalhamento transcorrente de direção NNE marcada na evolução de seu magmatismo granítico sintectônico na região de Camboriú, SC. Geol USP Sér Cient 14:61–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martini A et al (2015) An integrated approach to the late stages of Neoproterozoic post-collisional magmatism from Southern Brazil: Structural geology, geochemistry and geochronology of the Corre-mar Granite. Precambr Res 261:25–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Masquelin H et al (2012) The Cerro Olivo complex: a pre-collisional Neoproterozoic magmatic arc in eastern Uruguay. Int Geol Rev 54:1161–1183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milani EJ, Zalán PV (1999) An outline of the geology and petroleum systems of the Paleozoic interior basins of South America. Episodes 22:199–205

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller RMG (1983) Evolution of the Damara Orogen of South West Africa/Namibia. Geological Society of South Africa, Johannesburg

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller RMG, Grote W (1988) Geological map of the Damara Orogen, Namibia (scale 1:500,000). Geological Survey of Namibia, Windhoek

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller RMcG (2008) The geology of Namibia. Geological Survey of Namibia, Windhoek

    Google Scholar 

  • Nardi LVS, Bitencourt MF (2009) A-type granitic rocks in post-collisional settings in southernmost Brazil: their classification and relationship with tectonics and magmatic series. Can Mineral 47:1493–1503

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nardi LVS, Frantz JC (1995) The Cordilheira Intrusive Suite: late-precambrian peralumious granitoids from southern Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 8:55–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oliver GJH (1994) Mid-crustal detachment and domes in the central zone of the Damaran Orogen. J Afr Earth Sci 19:331–344. Namibia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira CHE et al (2014) U-Pb and Lu-Hf Isotopes applied to the evolution of the late to post-orogenic transtensional basins of the Dom Feliciano Belt, Brazil. Precambr Res 246:240–255

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira CHE et al (2016) Evidence of post-Gondwana breakup in Southern Brazilian Shield: insights from apatite and zircon fission track thermochronology. Tectonophysics 666:173–187

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira DS et al (2015) Post-collisional subvolcanic rhyolites associated to the Neoproterozoic Batholith Pelotas, Southern Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 63:84–100

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oriolo S et al (2015) Structural evolution of the Sarandí del Yí Shear Zone, Uruguay: Kinematics, deformation conditions and tectonic significance. Int J Earth Sci 104:1759–1777

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oriolo S et al (2016a) The Nico Pérez Terrane (Uruguay): from Archean crustal growth and connections with the Congo Craton to late Neoproterozoic accretion to the Río de la Plata Craton. Precambr Res 280:147–160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oriolo S et al (2016b) Shear zone evolution and timing of deformation in the Neoproterozoic transpressional Dom Feliciano Belt, Uruguay. J Struct Geol 92:59–78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oriolo S et al (2016c) Timing of deformation in the Sarandí del Yí Shear Zone, Uruguay: implications for the amalgamation of western Gondwana during the Neoproterozoic Brasiliano-Pan-African Orogeny. Tectonics 35:754–771

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oriolo S et al (2017) Contemporaneous assembly of Western Gondwana and final Rodinia break-up: implications for the supercontinent cycle. Geosci Frontiers. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2017.01.009

    Google Scholar 

  • Oyhantçabal P (2005) The Sierra Ballena shear zone: kinematics, timing and its significance for the geotectonic evolution of southeast Uruguay. Dissertation, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen

    Google Scholar 

  • Oyhantçabal P et al (1993) Geología y aspectos estructurales del borde orogénico en el extremo sur del cinturón Dom Feliciano. Rev Bras Geociências 23:296–300

    Google Scholar 

  • Oyhantçabal P et al (2007) Post-collisional transition from calc-alkaline to alkaline magmatism during transcurrent deformation in the southernmost Dom Feliciano Belt (Braziliano–Pan-African, Uruguay). Lithos 98:141–159

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oyhantçabal P et al (2009) The Sierra Ballena Shear Zone in the southernmost Dom Feliciano Belt (Uruguay): evolution, kinematics, and deformation conditions. Int J Earth Sci. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-009-0453-1

    Google Scholar 

  • Oyhantçabal P et al (2011a) The Río de la Plata Craton: a review of units, boundaries, ages and isotopic signature. Int J Earth Sci 100:201–220

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oyhantçabal P et al (2011b) The transpressional connection between Dom Feliciano and Kaoko Belts at 580–550 Ma. Int J Earth Sci 100:379–390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oyhantçabal P et al (2012) Paleo- and Neoproterozoic magmatic and tectonometamorphic evolution of the Isla Cristalina de Rivera (Nico Pérez Terrane, Uruguay). Int J Earth Sci 101:1745–1762

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pankhurst RJ, Rapela CW (1998) The Proto-Andean Margin of Gondwana. Geological Society of London Special Publications, London, p 142

    Google Scholar 

  • Passarelli CR et al (1993) Caracterização geométrica e cinemática da Zona de Cisalhamento Major Gercino e sua importância na compartimentação dos terrenos Pré-Cambrianos de Santa Catarina. Rev Bras Geociênc 23:234–241

    Google Scholar 

  • Passarelli CR et al (2010) Deformation and geochronology of syntectonic granitoids emplaced in the major Gercino Shear zone, southeastern South America. Gondwana Res 17:688–703

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Passarelli CR et al (2011a) Major Shear Zones of southern Brazil and Uruguay: escape tectonics in the eastern border of Rio de La Plata and Paranapanema cratons during the Western Gondwana amalgamation. Int J Earth Sci 100:391–414

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Passarelli CR et al (2011b) Heterogeneity in syntectonic granitoids emplaced in a major shear zone, southern Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 32:369–378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Passchier CW et al (2007) Intrusion mechanisms in a turbidite sequence: the Voetspoor and Doros plutons in NW Namibia. J Struct Geol 29:481–496

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Passchier CW et al (2011) Key-ring structure gradients and sheath folds in the Goantagab Domain of NW Namibia. J Struct Geol 33:280–291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Passchier CW et al (2016) How to make a transverse triple junction—New evidence for the assemblage of Gondwana along the Kaoko-Damara belts, Namibia. Geology 44:843–846

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peternell M et al (2010) Macro and microstructures as indicators of the development of syntectonic granitoids and host rocks in the Camboriú region, Santa Catarina, Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 29:738–750

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pertille J et al (2015a) Zircon U-Pb age constraints on the Paleoproterozoic sedimentary basement of the Ediacaran Porongos Group, Sul-Riograndense Shield, southern Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 63:334–345

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pertille J et al (2015b) Origin of the Ediacaran Porongos Group, Dom Feliciano Belt, southern Brazilian Shield, with emphasis on whole rock and detrital zircon geochemistry and U-Pb, Lu-Hf isotopes. J S Am Earth Sci 64:69–93

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Philipp RP (1998) A Evolução Geológica e Tectônica do Batólito Pelotas no Rio Grande do Sul. Dissertation, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo

    Google Scholar 

  • Philipp RP, Machado R (2005) The Neoproterozoic to Cambrian granitic magmatism of the Pelotas Batholith, southern Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 19:461–478

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Philipp RP et al (1993) Reconhecimento estrutural e geoquímico dos granitóides brasilianos da região de Pelotas-RS. Pesqui Geociênc 20:3–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Philipp RP et al (2003) Reavaliação e novos dados geocronológicos (Ar/Ar, Rb/Sr e Sm/Nd) do Batólito Pelotas no Rio Grande do Sul: Implicações petrogenéticas e idade de reativação das zonas de cisalhamento. Geol USP Sér Cient 3:71–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Philipp RP et al (2004) Caracterização litológica e evolução metamórfica da porção leste do Complexo Metamórfico Brusque, Santa Catarina. Rev Bras Geociênc 34:21–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Philipp RP et al (2013) Peraluminous leucogranites of the Cordilheira Suite: a record of Neoproterozoic collision and the generation of the Pelotas Batholith, Dom Feliciano Belt, Southern Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 43:8–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Philipp RP et al (2014) Oldest age of magmatism in the Passinho Arc in the southwestern portion of Gondwana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In: IX South American Symposium on Isotope Geology, São Paulo, Abstracts, 186

    Google Scholar 

  • Philipp RP et al (2016) Tectonic evolution of the Dom Feliciano Belt in Southern Brazil: geological relationships and U-Pb geochronology. Braz J Geol 46:83–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porada H, Wittig R (1983) Turbidites and their significance for the geosynclinal evolution of the Damara Orogen, South West Africa/Namibia. In: McG Miller R (ed) Evolution of the Damara Orogen of South West Africa/Namibia. Geological Society of South Africa, Johannesburg vol 11, pp 21–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Prave AR (1996) Tale of three cratons: tectonostratigraphic anatomy of the Damara orogen in northwestern Namibia and the assembly of Gondwana. Geology 24:1115–1118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Preciozzi F et al (1979) Carta geo-estructural del Uruguay, escala 1:2.000.000. Instituto Geológico Ing. Terra Arocena, Montevideo

    Google Scholar 

  • Raab MJ et al (2002) Late Cretaceous reactivation of major crustal shear zones in northern Namibia: constraints from apatite fission track analysis. Tectonophysics 349:75–92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rapela CW et al (2011) The Río de la Plata craton and the adjoining Pan-African/brasiliano terranes: their origins and incorporation into south-west Gondwana. Gondwana Res 20:673–690

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raposo MI et al (2014) Deformation in rocks from Itajaí basin, Southern Brazil, revealed by magnetic fabrics. Tectonophysics 629:290–302

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ritter O et al (2003) A magnetotelluric study of the Damara Belt in Namibia 1. Regional scale conductivity anomalies. Phys Earth Planet In 138:71–90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rostirolla SP et al (1992) O Grupo Itajaí, Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, exemplo de sedimentação em uma bacia flexural de antepaís. Bol Geociênc Petrobrás 6:109–122

    Google Scholar 

  • Rostirolla SP et al (1999) Basin analysis and mineral endowment of the Proterozoic Itajaí Basin, south-east Brazil. Basin Res 11:127–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rozendaal A et al (1999) Neoproterozoic to early Cambrian crustal evolution of the Pan-African Saldania Belt, South Africa. Precambr Res 97:303–323

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saalmann K et al (2005) Tectonic evolution of two contrasting schist belts in southernmost Brazil: a plate tectonic model for the Brasiliano Orogeny. Int Geol Rev 47:1234–1259

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saalmann K et al (2006a) Tectonic evolution of the Neoproterozoic juvenile São Gabriel belt, southern Brazil—constraints on Brasiliano orogenic evolution of the La Plata Cratonic margin. J S Am Earth Sci 21:204–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saalmann K et al (2006b) Structural evolution and tectonic setting of the Porongos belt, southern Brazil. Geol Mag 143:59–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saalmann K et al (2007) The assembly of West Gondwana—the view from the Rio de la Plata craton. In: Linnemann U et al (eds) The evolution of the Rheic Ocean: from Avalonian-Cadomian active margin to Alleghenian-Variscan collision. Geological Society of America Special Paper, vol 423, pp 1–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Saalmann K et al (2011) Multiple accretion at the eastern margin of the Rio de la Plata craton: the prolonged Brasiliano orogeny in southernmost Brazil. Int J Earth Sci 100:355–378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salomon, E. et al. (2014) Brittle reactivation of ductile shear zones in NW Namibia in relation to South Atlantic rifting. Tectonics 34. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014TC003728

  • Sánchez Bettucci L et al (2003) Petrography and geochemistry of the Carapé granitic complex (southeastern Uruguay). Gondwana Res 6:89–105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez Bettucci L et al (2004) Mineralizations of the Lavalleja group (Uruguay), a probable Neoproterozoic volcano-sedimentary sequence. Gondwana Res 7:745–751

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez Bettucci L et al (2016) Análisis de la geofísica aérea en la zona sur de la Zona de Cizalla de Sarandí del Yí. In: VIII Geological Congress of Uruguay, Abstracts 22

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheepers R, Armstrong R (2002) New U-Pb SHRIMP zircon ages of the Cape Granite Suite: implications for the magmatic evolution of the Saldania Belt. S Afr J Geol 105:241–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scheepers R, Nortjé AN (2000) Rhyolitic ignimbrites of the Cape Granite Suite, southwestern Cape Province, South Africa. J Afr Earth Sci 31:647–656

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scheepers R, Poujol M (2002) U-Pb zircon age of Cape Granite Suite ignimbrites: characteristics of the last phases of the Saldanian magmatism. S Afr J Geol 105:209–224

    Google Scholar 

  • Schoch AE (1975) The darling granite batholith. Ann Univ Stellenbosch 1:1–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder GS (2006) Análise tectônica da Bacia do Itajaí. M.Sc dissertation, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre

    Google Scholar 

  • Seth B et al (1998) Archaean to Neoproterozoic magmatic events in the Kaoko belt of NW Namibia and their geodynamic significance. Precambr Res 92:341–363

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spoturno JJ et al (2004) Mapa geológico y de recursos minerales del Departamento de Canelones a escala 1:100.000. Proyecto CONICYT 6019, Montevideo

    Google Scholar 

  • Spoturno JJ et al (2012) Mapa geológico del Departamento de Maldonado escala 1:100.000. Facultad de Ciencias (UdelaR)—Dirección Nacional de Minería y Geología (MIEM), Montevideo

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanistreet IG, Charlesworth EG (2001) Damaran basement-cored fold nappes incorporating pre-collisional basins, Kaoko Belt, Namibia, and controls on Mesozoic supercontinent break-up. S Afr J Geol 104:1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Theron JN et al (1992) The geology of the cape town area. Geological Survey of South Africa, Explanation of Sheet, vol 3318, 140 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Tommasi A, Vauchez A (2001) Continental rifting parallel to ancient collisional belts: an effect of the mechanical anisotropy of the lithospheric mantle. Earth Planet Sc Lett 185:199–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tommasi A et al (1994) Orogen-parallel strike-slip faulting and synkinematic magmatism in the Dom Feliciano Belt, Southern Brazil. Tectonics 13:421–437

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torsvik TH et al (2009) A new scheme for the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean and the dissection of an Aptian salt basin. Geophys J Int 177:1315–1333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ulrich S et al (2011) Transposition of structures in the Neoproterozoic Kaoko Belt (NW Namibia) and their absolute timing. Int J Earth Sci 100:415–429

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vauchez A et al (1997) Why do continents break-up parallel to ancient orogenic belts? Terra Nova 9:62–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Will TM, Frimmel HE (2013) The influence of inherited structures on dike emplacement during Gondwana breakup in southwestern Africa. J Geol 121:455–474

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. Sebastián Oriolo

    Present address: CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires (IGEBA), Intendente Güiraldes 2160, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geoscience Centre, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 3, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Sebastián Oriolo, Mathias Hueck, Klaus Wemmer & Siegfried Siegesmund

  2. Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Pedro Oyhantçabal

  3. Integrated Terrane Analysis Research (ITAR), 18 Cambridge Rd, Aldgate, SA, 5154, Australia

    Ben Goscombe

Authors
  1. Sebastián Oriolo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mathias Hueck
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Pedro Oyhantçabal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ben Goscombe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Klaus Wemmer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Siegfried Siegesmund
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sebastián Oriolo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. GZG—Structural Geology and Geodynamics University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

    Siegfried Siegesmund

  2. Geosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Miguel A. S. Basei

  3. Departamento de Geodinámica Interna, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Pedro Oyhantçabal

  4. GZG—Structural Geology and Geodynamics University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

    Sebastian Oriolo

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Oriolo, S., Hueck, M., Oyhantçabal, P., Goscombe, B., Wemmer, K., Siegesmund, S. (2018). Shear Zones in Brasiliano-Pan-African Belts and Their Role in the Amalgamation and Break-Up of Southwest Gondwana. In: Siegesmund, S., Basei, M., Oyhantçabal, P., Oriolo, S. (eds) Geology of Southwest Gondwana. Regional Geology Reviews. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68920-3_22

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation