Abstract
The concept of urban resilience has emerged in the context of flood risk management (FRM) from the need to consider the capability of the society to cope with floods. Whilst there has been much discussion about flood resilience, challenges still remain on how to enhance it. Participation of key stakeholders in the decision-making process has the potential to enrich the resilience of communities as they become more informed, learn from each other and trust is built amongst them. Despite the advantages of participation, community members and decision-makers usually do not play an active role in flood resilience studies. Therefore, inter- and transdisciplinary approaches may help to overcome these limitations whilst promoting social learning towards resilience building. This chapter describes a framework for FRM that can improve urban resilience through participation of local stakeholders with the use of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) tools. First, a systematic review of MCDA studies that tackle flood resilience is presented to provide a better understanding of how participatory MCDA is being conducted. Then, we introduce an innovative FRM participatory approach termed collaborative modelling (CM), which integrates MCDA tools in its process-driven decision-making. Furthermore, the CM-MCDA is supported by user customized Web-based tools to support information dissemination, social learning and negotiation amongst stakeholders. The developed framework was applied in the Cranbrook catchment (London, UK) and in the Alster catchment (Hamburg, Germany). The results show that the CM-MCDA provides an innovative and promising approach to enhance resilience through social learning.
References
Abbott M (2007) Managing the inner world of infrastructure. Proc Ins Civil Eng Civil Eng 160(1):26–32. https://doi.org/10.1680/cien.2007.160.1.26
Affeletranger B (2001) Public participation in the design of local strategies for flood mitigation and control. International Hydrological Programme, Technical Documents in Hydrology no. 48. Paris
Akmalah E, Grigg NS (2011) Jakarta flooding: systems study of socio-technical forces. Water Int 36(6):733–747
Almoradie A, Cortes VJ, Jonoski A (2015) Web-based stakeholder collaboration in flood risk management. J Flood Risk Manage 8:19–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12076
CEC (2007) Directive 2007/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2007 on the assessment and management of flood risks. Official Journal of the European Communities, Brussels, pp 27–34
Ceccato L, Giannini V, Giupponi C (2011) Participatory assessment of adaptation strategies to flood risk in the Upper Brahmaputra and Danube river basins. Environ Sci Policy Elsevier Ltd 14(8):1163–1174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2011.05.016
Chen S-J, Hwang C-L (1992) Fuzzy multiple attribute decision making methods. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46768-4_5
de Brito MM, Evers M (2016) Multi-criteria decision-making for flood risk management: a survey of the current state of the art. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Scis Copernicus GmbH 16(4):1019–1033. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-1019-2016
Evers M (2012) Participation in Flood Risk Management: an introduction and recommendations for implementation
Evers M, Jonoski A, Almoradie A, Lange L (2016) Collaborative decision making in sustainable flood risk management: a socio-technical approach and tools for participatory governance. Environm Sci Policy Elsevier Ltd 55:335–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2015.09.009
Evers M, Jonoski A, Maksimovič Č, Lange L, Ochoa Rodriguez S, Teklesadik A, Cortes Arevalo J, Almoradie A, Eduardo Simões N, Wang L, Makropoulos C (2012) Collaborative modelling for active involvement of stakeholders in urban flood risk management. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 12(9):2821–2842. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-2821-2012
Giupponi C, Giove S, Giannini V (2013) ‘A dynamic assessment tool for exploring and communicating vulnerability to floods and climate change. Environm Model Soft Elsevier Ltd 44:136–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2012.05.004
Hwang C-L, Yoon K (1981) Multiple attribute decision making: methods and applications. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY, Heidelberg Berlin. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48318-9
Kenyon W (2007) Evaluating flood risk management options in Scotland: a participant-led multi-criteria approach. Ecol Econ 64(1):70–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.06.011
Lee G, Jun KS, Chung E-S (2015) Group decision-making approach for flood vulnerability identification using the fuzzy VIKOR method. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 15:863–874. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-863-2015
Mägdefrau N, Sprague T (2016) Residents’ participation in rebuilding more resilient space. In: Greiving S, Ubaura M, Tesliar J (eds) Spatial planning and resilience following disasters: international and comparative perspectives. Policy Press, Bristol
McMillan SS, King M, Tully MP (2016) How to use the nominal group and Delphi techniques. Int J Clin Pharmacy 38(3):655–662. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-016-0257-x
Nordström E-M, Eriksson LO, Öhman K (2010) Integrating multiple criteria decision analysis in participatory forest planning: experience from a case study in northern Sweden. Forest Policy Econo 12(8):562–574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2010.07.006
Pohekar SD, Ramachandran M (2004) Application of multi-criteria decision making to sustainable energy planning—a review. Ren Sust Energy Rev 8:365–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2003.12.007
Ravera F, Hubacek K, Reed M, Tarrasón D (2011) Learning from experiences in adaptive action research: a critical comparison of two case studies applying participatory scenario development and modelling approaches. Environm Policy Govern 21(6):433–453. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.585
Roy DC, Blaschke T (2015) Spatial vulnerability assessment of floods in the coastal regions of Bangladesh. Geomat Nat Hazards Risk 6(1):21–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2013.816785
Schelfaut K, Pannemans B, van der Craats I, Krywkow J, Mysiak J, Cools J (2011) Bringing flood resilience into practice: The FREEMAN project. Environ Sci Policy 14(7):825–833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2011.02.009
Simonovic SP (2009) Managing water resources, methods and tools for a systems approach. UNESCO, London
Steinführer A, De Marchi B, Kuhliche C, Scolobig A, Tapsell S, Tunstall S (2008) Recommendations for flood risk management with communities at risk: FLOODsite Report T11-07-14. Available at: http://www.floodsite.net/html/partner_area/project_docs/T11_07_14_Recommendations_D11_1_V3_1_P01.pdf
Taib CMIC, Yusoff B, Abdullah ML, Wahab AF (2015) Conflicting bifuzzy multi-attribute group decision making model with application to flood control Project. Group Decision and Negotiation, pp. 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10726-015-9437-7
UNISDR (2015) Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction 2015 -2013. Geneva. https://doi.org/A/CONF.224/CRP.1
Voinov A, Bousquet F (2010) Modelling with stakeholders. Environm Model Soft Elsevier Ltd 25(11):1268–1281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.03.007
Watson N, Kashefi E, Medd W, Walker G, Tapsell S, Twigger-Ross C (2009) Institutional and social responses to flooding from a resilience perspective. In: Samuels P, Huntington S, Allsop W, Harrop J (eds) Flood risk Management: research and practice. Taylor & Francis Group, London
Whatmore SJ, Landström C (2011) Flood apprentices: an exercise in making things public. Econ Soc 40(4):582–610. https://doi.org/10.1080/03085147.2011.602540
World Bank (2012) Cities and flooding: a guide to integrated urban flood risk management for the 21st century. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-0-8213-8866-2
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Evers, M., Almoradie, A., de Brito, M.M. (2018). Enhancing Flood Resilience Through Collaborative Modelling and Multi-criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). In: Fekete, A., Fiedrich, F. (eds) Urban Disaster Resilience and Security. The Urban Book Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68606-6_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68606-6_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-68605-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-68606-6
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)