Abstract
The third domain for exploring changing conceptions of self-interest is popular music. Its lyrics attempt to reflect current practices but also help to shape them. We observe a similar shift in self-interest in personal relationships from romance and framing interests in terms of a couple to sex and self-gratification, and from longer-term to short-term, more immediate frames of reference.
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- 1.
Harrison Salisbury, The Shook-Up Generation (New York: Harper & Row, 1958); Grace Palladino, Teenagers: An American History (New York: Basic Books, 1996); Glenn C. Altschuler, All Shook Up: How Rock ‘n’ Roll Changed America (New York: Oxford University Press. 2003), pp. 99–129.
- 2.
“Yakety Yak” was written, produced, and arranged by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller for The Coasters and released on Atlantic Records in 1958.
- 3.
Altschuler, All Shook Up, pp. 1–6.
- 4.
James Gilbert, Cycle of Outrage: America’s Reaction to the Juvenile Delinquent in the 1960s (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986), p. 13.
- 5.
Simon Frith and Angela McRobbie, “Rock and Sexuality,” in Simon Firth and Andrew Goodman, eds., On Record: Rock, Pop, and the Written Word (New York: Pantheon, 1980), pp. 317–332: Altschuler, All Shook Up, pp. 67–98.
- 6.
Paul Friedlander, Rock and Roll: A Social History (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996); Anthony DeCurtis, Present Tense: Rock & Roll and Culture, 4th ed. (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1992); M. T. Bertrand, Race, Rock, and Elvis (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2000); Altschuler, All Shook Up.
- 7.
Altschuler, All Shook Up, pp. 35–66.
- 8.
Theodor Adorno, “On Popular Music,” trans. George Simpson. In Simon Frith and Andrew Goodwin, eds. On Record: Rock, Pop, and the Written Word, edited by, London: Routledge, 1990), pp. 301–314.
- 9.
“Superbowl XXXVIII half-time show controversy,” Wikipedia, 21 March 2017, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXXVIII_halftime-show_controversy (accessed 4 April 2017).
- 10.
Richard Ned Lebow, The Politics and Ethics of Identity: In Search of Ourselves (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012), ch. 4, for discussion and examples.
- 11.
The coding and initial analysis of songs up to the current decade were conducted by Kyle Uberhaupt and Eric Shuster.
- 12.
On this point, also see David Brooks, “What Romantic Regime Are You In?” New York Times, 8 March 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/07/opinion/what-romantic-regime-are-you-in.html?action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=opinion-c-col-right-region®ion=opinion-c-col-right-region&WT.nav=opinion-c-col-right-region&_r=0, (accessed 27 May 2017).
- 13.
Lori Landay, “I Love Lucy,” in Mary M. Dalton and Laurie R. Linder, Sitcom Reader: America Viewed and Skewed (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2005), pp. 87–98.
- 14.
Tocqueville, Democracy in America, II. Part 2, chs. 2–8, Part 3, chs. 1–2. Quote from II, Part 3, ch. 11.
- 15.
Mark D. Hulstether, “Like A Sermon: Popular Religion in Madonna Videos,” in Bruce David Forbes and Jeffrey H. Mahan, eds., Religion and Popular Culture in America (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2000), pp. 77–100.
- 16.
“List of Billboard 100 chart achievement by decade,” Wikipedia, 10 April 2017, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Billboard_Hot_100_chart_achievements_by_decade#Songs_by_total_weeks_at_number_one (accessed 18 April 2017).
- 17.
Wikipedia, “Rihanna,” 13 April 2017, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rihanna (accessed 16 April 2017).
- 18.
Jake Conway, “Review: S&M,” Q Magazine at Yale, 21 April 2011; Chris Ryan, “Song You Need To Know: Rihanna, ‘S&M,’” MTV, 8 November 2010; Sal Cinquemani, “Rihanna: Loud | Music Review,” Slant, 12 November 2010; Thomas Conner, “‘Loud’ a well-deserved party for Rihanna,” Chicago Sun-Times (Chicago), 19 November 2010; Leah Greenblatt, “Loud,” Entertainment Weekly, 10 November 16 2010, http://theweek.com/articles/489027/rihanna-loud (accessed 19 April 2017).
- 19.
Kevin O’Donnell, “Preview: Rihanna Discusses ‘Bad Ass’ New Album,” Spin, 19 October 2010, http://www.spin.com/2010/10/preview-rihanna-discusses-bad-ass-new-album/ (accessed 17 April 2017).
- 20.
Tracy McVeigh and Edward Helmore, “Feminists fall out over ‘violent, misogynistic’ Rihanna video,” Guardian, 24 July 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/jul/04/feminists-fall-out-over-rihanna-video (accessed 16 April 2017).
- 21.
For review essays, B. Kutchinsky, “Pornography and Rape: Theory and Practice? Evidence from Crime Data in Four Countries Where Pornography is Easily Available,” International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 14, nos. 1–2 (1991), pp. 47–64; Christopher J. Ferguson and Richard D. Hartley, “The Pleasure is Momentary … the Expense Damnable? The Influence of Pornography on Rape and Sexual Assault,” Aggression and Violent Behavior 14 (2009), pp. 323–329.
- 22.
Richard Ned Lebow, Forbidden Fruit: Counerfacuals and International Relations (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010), ch. 1.
- 23.
Informal interviews with students in London, England and Hanover, NH.
- 24.
Altschuler, All Shook Up, pp. 99–130.
- 25.
Ibid., pp. 35–66.
- 26.
Gerald Lyn Early, One Nation Under a Groove: Motown and American Culture (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2004).
- 27.
Gerald Clarke, “New Lyrics for the Devil’s Music,” Time, 11 March 1985, p. 60; Romanowski, “Evangelicals and Popular Music.”
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Lebow, R.N. (2018). Rock to Rap. In: The Politics and Business of Self-Interest from Tocqueville to Trump. International Political Theory. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68569-4_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68569-4_5
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