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Enzymes and Nanoparticles Produced by Microorganisms and Their Applications in Biotechnology

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Fungal Nanotechnology

Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

Abstract

This chapter reports the most important microbial enzymes that have been studied extensively due to their production, low cost, purification, and characterization of their properties. Certain microorganisms have already been isolated from extreme sources under strict culture conditions. The aim of this process is to obtain isolated microbes that would have the capability to bio-synthesize special enzymes. Enzymes having special features and characteristics are needed by some bio-industries for their applications in preparation of necessary substrates and some renewable raw materials for production. The microbial enzymes serve as biocatalysts to make reactions in bioprocesses in an economical, safe, and eco-friendly way instead of utilizing chemical catalysts. Researchers benefited from the special features and characteristics of enzymes for their commercial interest and industrial applications, which involve thermotolerance, thermophilic nature, tolerance to a varied range of pH, stability of enzyme activity over a range of temperature and pH, and other harsh reaction conditions. It is assured that such enzymes have the utility in bio-applications such as food industry, leather and textile production, animal feed manufacturing, and in bioconversions.

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Abbreviations

Abs:

Antibodies

AgNPs:

Silver nanoparticles

AuNPs:

Gold nanoparticles

BacMPs:

Bacterial magnetic particles

BMs:

Bacterial magnetosomes

Brec:

Bovine retinal endothelial cells

CdS-NPs:

CdS nanoparticles

CSE:

Cell-soluble extract

GTPase:

Guanosine triphosphatase

HRP:

Horseradish peroxidase

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MTB:

Magnetotactic bacteria

PHB:

Polyhydroxybutyrate BRECs

TEM:

Transmission electron microscope

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt

    Emad Abada & Mohamed Osman

  2. Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

    Emad Abada & Zarraq Al-Faifi

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  1. Emad Abada
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  1. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ram Prasad

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Abada, E., Al-Faifi, Z., Osman, M. (2017). Enzymes and Nanoparticles Produced by Microorganisms and Their Applications in Biotechnology. In: Prasad, R. (eds) Fungal Nanotechnology. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68424-6_7

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