Skip to main content

Optimal Packaging Design and Innovative Packaging Technologies for Minimally Processed Fresh Produce

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Food Microbiology and Food Safety ((PRACT))

Abstract

The quality and safety of minimally processed fruits and vegetables is determined by two different types of processes: (1) physiological processes such as respiration, ethylene production, enzymatic browning, and transpiration and (2) microbial processes. These processes can be retarded by using the optimal packaging design, defined as EMAP (equilibrium modified atmosphere packaging). The performance of EMAP is however highly influenced by the accuracy of the respiration rate assessment and by the initial microbial load on the fresh produce. Once the respiration rate has been assessed, the optimal packaging concept can be designed based on the necessary permeability. This permeability is determined by the polymeric material itself, but can be altered by using orientation, porous structures, or microperforations. The choice of the packaging concept will also be influenced by the filling system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Allende A, Jacxsens L, Devlieghere F, Debevere J, Artes F (2002) Effect of superatmospheric oxygen packaging on sensorial quality, spoilage, and Listeria monocytogenes and Aeromonas caviae growth in fresh processed mixed salads. J Food Prot 65(10):1565–1573

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barth MM, Hankinson TR, Zhuang H, Breidt F (2009) Microbiological spoilage of fruits and vegetables. In: Sperber WH, Breidt F (eds) Compendium of the microbiological spoilage of fruits and vegetables. Food microbiology and food safety. Springer Science + Business Media, LLC, New York, pp 135–183

    Google Scholar 

  • Conesa A, Verlinden BE, Artes-Hernandez F, Nicolai B, Artes F (2007) Respiration rates of fresh-cut bell peppers under supertamospheric and low oxygen with or without high carbon dioxide. Postharvest Biolol Technol 45:81–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D’Aquino S, Palma A, Molinu MG, La Malfa S, Continella A, Tribulato E (2010) Effect of superatmospheric oxygen concentrations on physiological and qualitative aspects of cold stored Pomegranate fruit. III International Conference Postharvest Unlimited 2008 Book Series. Acta Hortic 858:349–355

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Escalona VH, Verlinden BE, Geysen S, Nicolai BM (2006) Changes in respiration of fresh-cut butterhead lettuce under controlled atmospheres using low and superatmospheric oxygen conditions with different carbon dioxide levels. Postharvest Biol Technol 39:48–55

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fidler JC, North CJ (1967) Effect of condition of storage on respiration of apples. Effects of temperature and concentrations of carbon dioxide and oxygen on production of carbon dioxide and uptake of oxygen. J Hortic Sci Biotech 42:189

    Google Scholar 

  • Fonseca SC, Oliveira FAR, Brecht JK (2002) Modeling respiration rate of fresh fruits and vegetables for modified atmosphere packages: a review. J Food Eng 52:99–119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Geysen S, Escalona VH, Verlinden BE, Nicolaï BM (2007) Modelling the effect of super-atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations on the respiration of fresh-cut butterhead lettuce. J Sci Food Agric 87:218–226

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glowacz M, Mogren LM, Reade JP, Cobb AH, Monaghan JM (2014) High-but not low-intensity light leads to oxidative stress and quality loss of cold stored baby leaf spinach. J Sci Food Agric 95:1821–1829

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez-Buesa J, Ferrer-Mairal A, Salvador ML (2009) A mathematical model for packaging with microperforated films of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables. J Food Eng 95:158–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez-Buesa J, Ferrer-Mairal A, Oria R, Salvador ML (2013) Alternative method for determining O2 and CO2 transmission rates through microperforated films for modified atmosphere packs. Packaging Technol Sci 26:413–421

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haggar P, Lee D, Yal K (1992) Application of an enzyme kinetics based respiration model to closed system experiments for fresh produce. J Food Proc Eng 15:143–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacxsens L, Devlieghere F, Debevere J (1999) Validation of a systematic approach to design equilibrium modified atmosphere packages for fresh-cut produce. Lebensm Wiss Technol 32:425–432

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jacxsens L, Devlieghere F, Van der Steen C, Debevere J (2001) Effect of high oxygen modified atmosphere packaging on microbial growth and sensorial qualities of fresh-cut produce. Int J Food Microbiol 71:197–210

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jacxsens L, Devlieghere F, Ragaert P, Vanneste E, Debevere J (2003) Relation between microbiological quality, metabolite production and sensory quality of equilibrium modified atmosphere packaged fresh-cut produce. Int J Food Microbiol 83:263–280

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kader AA (1986) Biochemical and physiological basis for efforts of controlled and modified atmospheres on fruits and vegetables. Food Technol 40(5):99

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kader AA (1987) Respiration and gas exchange of vegetables. In: Weichman J (ed) Postharvest physiology of vegetables. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, p 25

    Google Scholar 

  • Kader AA, Ben-Yehoshua S (2000) Effects of superatmospheric oxygen levels on postharvest physiology and quality of fresh fruits and vegetables. Postharvest Biol Technol 20:1–13

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larsen H, Liland KH (2013) Determination of O2 and CO2 transmission rate of whole packages and single perforations in micro-perforated packages for fruit and vegetables. J Food Eng 119:271–276

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Limbo S, Piergiovanni L (2007) Minimally processed potatoes: part 2. Effects of high oxygen partial pressures in combination with ascorbic and citric acid on loss of some quality traits. Postharvest Biol Technol 43:221–229

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Z, Wang X, Zhu J, Wang J (2010) Effect of high oxygen modified atmosphere on post-harvest physiology and sensorial qualities of mushroom. Int J Food Sci Technol 45:1097–1103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mangaraj S, Goswami TK, Mahajan PV (2009) Applications of plastic films for modified atmosphere packaging of fruits and vegetables: a review. Food Eng Rev 1(2):133–158

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martinez-Sanchez A, Tudela JA, Luna C, Allende A, Gil MI (2011) Low oxygen levels and light exposure affect quality of fresh-cut Romaine lettuce. Postharvest Biol Technol 59:34–42

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Massey LK (ed) (2003) Permeability properties of plastics and elastomers: a guide to packaging and barrier materials, 2nd edn. Plastics Design Library, ISBN: 1-884207-97-9

    Google Scholar 

  • Mazollier J, Bardet MC, Bonnafoux F (1990) La laitue en IVème gamme. Infos-CTIFL 59:23–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Molin G (2000) Modified atmospheres. In: Lund BM, Baird-Parker TC, Gould GW (eds) The microbiological safety and quality of food. Aspen Publishers, Gaithersburg, Mass, pp 214–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Nguyen-the C, Carlin F (1994) The microbiology of minimally processed fresh fruits and vegetables. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 34:371–401

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira M, Abadias M, Usall J, Torres R, Teixido N, Vinas I (2015) Application of modified atmosphere packaging as a safety approach to fresh-cut fruits and vegetables—a review. Trends Food Sci Technol 46(1):13–26

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oms-Oliu G, Soliva-Fortuny R, Martin-Belloso O (2008) Modeling changes of headspace gas concentrations to describe the respiration of fresh-cut melon under low or superatmospheric oxygen atmospheres. J Food Eng 85:401–409

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paul V, Pandey R (2014) Role of internal atmosphere on fruit ripening and storability: a review. J Food Sci Technol 51(7):1223–1250

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peelman N (2015) Characterization of barrier properties and temperature resistance of biobased plastics for food packaging. PhD thesis, Ghent University. ISBN 978–9–0598980-1-1

    Google Scholar 

  • Peelman N, Ragaert P, Vandemoortele A, Verguldt E, De Meulenaer B, Devlieghere F (2014) Use of biobased materials for modified atmosphere packaging of short and medium shelf-life food products. Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol 26:319–329

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pothakos V, Samapundo S, Devlieghere F (2012) Total mesophilic counts underestimate in many cases the contamination levels of psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in chilled-stored food products at the end of their shelf-life. Food Microbiol 32:437–444

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pothakos V, Snauwaert C, De Vos P, Huys G, Devlieghere F (2014) Monitoring psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria contamination in a ready-to-eat vegetable salad production environment. Int J Food Microbiol 185:7–16

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Poubol J, Izumi H (2005) Physiology and microbiological quality of fresh-cut mango cubes as affected by high-O-2 controlled atmospheres. J Food Sci 70:286–291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ragaert P, Devlieghere F, Devuyst E, Dewulf J, Van Langenhove H, Debevere J (2006) Volatile metabolite production of spoilage micro-organisms on a mixed-lettuce agar during storage at 7 °C in air and low oxygen atmosphere. Int J Food Microbiol 112:162–170

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ragaert P, Devlieghere F, Debevere J (2007) Role of microbiological and physiological spoilage mechanisms during storage of minimally processed vegetables. Postharvest Biol Technol 44:185–194

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robertson GL (ed) (2013) Food packaging. principles and practice, 3rd edn. Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton. ISBN: 978-1-4398-6241-4

    Google Scholar 

  • Rojas-Graü MA, Oms-Oliu G, Soliva-Fortuny R, Martín-Belloso O (2009) The use of packaging techniques to maintain freshness in fresh-cut fruits and vegetables: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 44:875–889

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosen-Kligvasser J, Suckeveriene RY, Tchoudakov R, Narkis M (2014) A novel methodology for controlled migration of antifog from thin polyolefin films. Polym Eng Sci:2023–2028

    Google Scholar 

  • Sandhya (2010) Modified atmosphere packaging of fresh produce: current status and future needs. Food Sci Technol 43:381–392

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Solomos T (1994) Some biological and physical principles underlying modified atmosphere packaging. In: Wiley RC (ed) Minimally processed refrigerated fruits and vegetables. Chapman & Hall, New York, pp 183–225

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Steen C, Jacxsens L, Devlieghere F, Debevere J (2002) Combining high oxygen atmospheres with low oxygen modified atmosphere packaging to improve the keeping quality of strawberries and raspberriers. Postharvest Biol Technol 26:49–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Haute S, Sampers I, Jacxsens L, Uyttendaele M (2015) Selection criteria for water disinfection techniques in agricultural practices. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 55:1529–1551

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Varoquaux P, Mazollier J, Albagnac G (1996) The influence of raw material characteristics on the storage life of fresh-cut butterhead lettuce. Postharvest Biol Technol 9:127–139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao Z, Lester GE, Luo Y, Xie ZK, Yu LL, Wang Q (2014) Effect of light exposure on sensorial quality, concentrations of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of radish microgreens during low temperature storage. Food Chem 151:472–479

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zweifel H (ed) (2001) Plastics additives handbook, 5th edn. Hanser, Munich. ISBN: 1-56990-295-X

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to F. Devlieghere .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Vermeulen, A., Devlieghere, F., Ragaert, P. (2018). Optimal Packaging Design and Innovative Packaging Technologies for Minimally Processed Fresh Produce. In: Pérez-Rodríguez, F., Skandamis, P., Valdramidis, V. (eds) Quantitative Methods for Food Safety and Quality in the Vegetable Industry. Food Microbiology and Food Safety(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68177-1_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics