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Late Triassic Global Plate Tectonics

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The Late Triassic World

Part of the book series: Topics in Geobiology ((TGBI,volume 46))

Abstract

The Late Triassic was the time of the Early Cimmerian and Indosinian orogenies that closed the Paleotethys Ocean, which occurred earlier in the Alpine-Carpathian-Mediterranean area, later in the Eastern Europe-Central Asia and latest in the South-East Asia. The Indochina Southeastern Asian and Qiangtang plates were sutured to South China. The new, large Chinese-SE Asian plate, including North and South China, Mongolia and eastern Cimmerian plates, was consolidated by the end Triassic, leaving open a large embayment of Panthalassa, known as Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean, between Mongolia and Laurasia,. The Uralian Orogeny, which sutured Siberia and Europe continued during Late Triassic times and was recorded in Novaya Zemlya. The onset of Pangaea break-up constitutes the main Late Triassic extensional event. Continental rifts originating then were filled with clastic deposits comprising mainly red beds. The pulling force of the north-dipping subduction along the northern margin of Neotethys caused drifting of a new set of plates from the passive Gondwana margin, dividing the Neotethys Ocean. Carbonate sedimentation dominated platforms on the Neotethys and Paleotethys margins as well as the Cimmerian microplates. Synorogenic turbidites and postorogenic molasses were associated with the Indosinian orogeny. The late stages of the Uralian orogeny in Timan-Pechora, Novaya Zemlya and eastern Barents regions filled the foreland basin with fine-grained, molasse sediments. Siliciclastics were common in the Siberia and Arctic regions. The widespread, large magnitude, base-level changes of the Late Triassic are interpreted as an expression of relatively rapid and substantial changes in the horizontal and vertical stress fields that affected the Pangaea supercontinent. Such stress changes may be due to abrupt changes in the speed and/or direction of plate movements, which episodically affected Pangaea.

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Acknowledgements

The research was partially supported by Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland Statutory grant no. 11.11.140.005. Embry thanks the Geological Survey of Canada for supporting his research on the Triassic of the Canadian Arctic for the past 40 years.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland

    Jan Golonka & Michał Krobicki

  2. Geological Survey of Canada, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Ashton Embry

  3. Carpathian Branch, Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute, Kraków, Poland

    Michał Krobicki

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  1. Jan Golonka
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  2. Ashton Embry
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  3. Michał Krobicki
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Correspondence to Jan Golonka .

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  1. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Le Moyne College, Syracuse, New York, USA

    Lawrence H. Tanner

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Golonka, J., Embry, A., Krobicki, M. (2018). Late Triassic Global Plate Tectonics. In: Tanner, L. (eds) The Late Triassic World. Topics in Geobiology, vol 46. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68009-5_2

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