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The Evolution of the Chilean-Argentinean Andes pp 537–564Cite as

Basin Thermal Structure in the Chilean-Pampean Flat Subduction Zone

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Abstract

Flat-slab segments are considered refrigerated areas given that the asthenospheric wedge is forced to shift hundreds of kilometres away from the trench, and the flat and coupled subducting plate acts as a thermal insulator. Although lithospheric-scale thermal analysis based on numerical modelling and geophysical observations abound, studies on the thermal history of sedimentary basins are scarce. In this contribution, we present a temperature data compilation from more than 60 oil wells within the Chilean-Pampean flat-slab segment and the transitional zones to normal subduction to the north and south in the south-central Andes. The geothermal gradient data are correlated with basin-basal heat flow estimated from 1D modelling, Curie point depths derived from aeromagnetic surveys, and previous crustal and lithospheric thicknesses estimations. Their distribution evidences a quite good consistency and correlation from region-to-region. Our modelling demonstrates that sedimentation changes are not sufficient to explain the variations illustrated in the geothermal gradient map, and that basal heat flux variations are required to reproduce the reported values. According to our results, the coldest basins develop over the flat slab or cratonward regions, whereas the highest temperatures on areas where the slab plunges. This suggests that the flat-slab geometry as well as the lithospheric structure affects the thermal state within the upper crust and particularly the sedimentary basins. Further studies will allow improving our database as well as the knowledge about the radiogenic contribution of the lithosphere and the asthenospheric heat input to the basins basal heat flow.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (PICT 2015-1092), the Secretaría de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Secyt-UNC 2016-2017 30720150100830CB), the Proyecto de Investigación UE 2016 - CONICET and the CAPES-MINCYT and the Conicet-Fapesp programs for financial support of our Research Projects in Argentina. We would like to acknowledge the help of Ignacio Brisson for it constructive discussion of the results during the research and the Sevicio Geologico Minero Nacional (SEGEMAR, Córdoba delegation) and the Gerencia de Exploración YPF SA. We acknowledge thorough reviews by Silvia Nassif and Francisco Ruiz, which helped to improve this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CICTERRA, CONICET—FCEFyN—Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

    Gilda Collo, Miguel Ezpeleta, Federico M. Dávila, Federico Martina, Pilar Ávila & Francisco Sánchez

  2. Instituto Geofísico Sismológico Ing. Volponi (IGSV), Universidad de Nacional San Juan, San Juan, Argentina

    Mario Giménez

  3. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Mario Giménez

  4. Instituto Geofísico-Sismológico Volponi, San Juan, Argentina

    Santiago Soler

  5. YPF, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Ricardo Calegari, Juan Lovecchio & Mario Schiuma

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  1. Gilda Collo
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  2. Miguel Ezpeleta
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  11. Mario Schiuma
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Correspondence to Gilda Collo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Andrés Folguera

  2. Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Eduardo Contreras-Reyes

  3. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Madrid, Spain

    Nemesio Heredia

  4. Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile

    Alfonso Encinas

  5. Instituto de Estudios Andinos (IDEAN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Sofía B. Iannelli

  6. Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile

    Verónica Oliveros

  7. CICTERRA, CONICET—FCEFyN—Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

    Federico M. Dávila

  8. CICTERRA, CONICET—FCEFyN—Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina

    Gilda Collo

  9. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ianiglia, Mendoza, Argentina

    Laura Giambiagi

  10. Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Andrei Maksymowicz

  11. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    María Paula Iglesia Llanos

  12. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Bahía Blanca, Bahía Blanca, Argentina

    Martín Turienzo

  13. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Maximiliano Naipauer

  14. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Río Negro, Río Negro, Argentina

    Darío Orts

  15. Instituto de Estudios Andinos (IDEAN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Vanesa D. Litvak

  16. Instituto Geofisico Sismológico Ing. Volponi (IGSV), Universidad de San Juan, San Juan, Argentina

    Orlando Alvarez

  17. Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    César Arriagada

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Collo, G. et al. (2018). Basin Thermal Structure in the Chilean-Pampean Flat Subduction Zone. In: Folguera, A., et al. The Evolution of the Chilean-Argentinean Andes. Springer Earth System Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67774-3_21

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