Abstract
The evaluation of cardiac chamber size and function remains the key role of the echocardiography which is the most commonly used cardiac imaging modality.
As the size and function of the cardiac chamber is important for clinical decision making, these method of quantification should be standard and be based on the latest recommendations.
In this chapter we have summarized the correct measurement of the size and function of the cardiac chambers, Aorta and Inferior Vena Cava.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- 2D:
-
Two-dimensional
- 2DE:
-
Two-dimensional echocardiography
- 3D:
-
Three-dimensional
- 3DE:
-
Three-dimensional echocardiography
- BSA:
-
Body surface area
- CMR:
-
Cardiac magnetic resonance
- DTI:
-
Doppler tissue imaging
- EDV:
-
End-diastolic volume
- EF:
-
Ejection fraction
- ESV:
-
End-systolic volume
- FAC:
-
Fractional area change
- GLS:
-
Global longitudinal strain
- I-I:
-
Inner edge–to–Inner edge
- IVC:
-
Inferior vena cava
- LA:
-
Left atrial
- L-L:
-
Leading edge–to– Leading edge
- LV:
-
Left ventricular
- M-mode:
-
Motion mode
- RA:
-
Right atrial
- RIMP:
-
Right ventricular index of myocardial performance
- RV:
-
Right ventricular
- TAPSE:
-
Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion
- TTE:
-
Transthoracic echocardiography
References
Kutty S, Russell D, Li L, Hasan R, Peng Q, Frommelt PC, et al. Echocardiographic measurement methods for left ventricular linear dimensions in children result in predictable variations in results. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;30(2):305–12.
Bellenger NG, Burgess MI, Ray SG, Lahiri A, Coats AJ, Cleland JG, et al. Comparison of left ventricular ejection fraction and volumes in heart failure by echocardiography, radionuclide ventriculography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance; are they interchangeable? Eur Heart J. 2000;21(16):1387–96.
Dorosz JL, Lezotte DC, Weitzenkamp DA, Allen LA, Salcedo EE. Performance of 3-dimensional echocardiography in measuring left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(20):1799–808.
Hoit BD. Strain and strain rate echocardiography and coronary artery disease. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(2):179–90.
Stanton T, Leano R, Marwick TH. Prediction of all-cause mortality from global longitudinal speckle strain: comparison with ejection fraction and wall motion scoring. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2009;2(5):356–64.
Voigt JU, Pedrizzetti G, Lysyansky P, Marwick TH, Houle H, Baumann R, et al. Definitions for a common standard for 2D speckle tracking echocardiography: consensus document of the EACVI/ASE/industry task force to standardize deformation imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2015;28(2):183–93.
Cerqueira MD, Weissman NJ, Dilsizian V, Jacobs AK, Kaul S, Laskey WK, et al. Standardized myocardial segmentation and nomenclature for tomographic imaging of the heart. A statement for healthcare professionals from the cardiac imaging Committee of the Council on clinical cardiology of the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2002;105(4):539–42.
Lang RM, Badano LP, Mor-Avi V, Afilalo J, Armstrong A, Ernande L, et al. Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2015;28(1):1–39.e14.
Leitman M, Lysyansky P, Sidenko S, Shir V, Peleg E, Binenbaum M, et al. Two-dimensional strain-a novel software for real-time quantitative echocardiographic assessment of myocardial function. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2004;17(10):1021–9.
Kishi S, Magalhaes TA, George RT, Dewey M, Laham RJ, Niinuma H, et al. Relationship of left ventricular mass to coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial ischaemia: the CORE320 multicenter study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;16(2):166–76.
Bluemke DA, Kronmal RA, Lima JA, Liu K, Olson J, Burke GL, et al. The relationship of left ventricular mass and geometry to incident cardiovascular events: the MESA (multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52(25):2148–55.
Armstrong AC, Gidding S, Gjesdal O, Wu C, Bluemke DA, Lima JALV. Mass assessed by echocardiography and CMR, cardiovascular outcomes, and medical practice. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;5(8):837–48.
Foppa M, Duncan BB, Rohde LE. Echocardiography-based left ventricular mass estimation. How should we define hypertrophy? Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2005;3:17.
Marwick TH, Gillebert TC, Aurigemma G, Chirinos J, Derumeaux G, Galderisi M, et al. Recommendations on the use of echocardiography in adult hypertension: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) and the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE)dagger. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;16(6):577–605.
Collins KA, Korcarz CE, Lang RM. Use of echocardiography for the phenotypic assessment of genetically altered mice. Physiol Genomics. 2003;13(3):227–39.
Badano L, Lang RM, Zamorano JL. Textbook of real-time three dimensional echocardiography. London: Springer; 2010.
Kossaify A. Echocardiographic assessment of the right ventricle, from the conventional approach to speckle tracking and three-dimensional imaging, and insights into the “right way” to explore the forgotten chamber. Clin Med Insights Cardiol. 2015;9:65–75.
Valsangiacomo Buechel ER, Mertens LL. Imaging the right heart: the use of integrated multimodality imaging. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(8):949–60.
Rudski LG, Lai WW, Afilalo J, Hua L, Handschumacher MD, Chandrasekaran K, et al. Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography endorsed by the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2010;23(7):685–713. quiz 86-8
Sadeghpour A, Alizadehasl A. The right ventricle: a comprehensive review from anatomy, physiology, and mechanics to hemodynamic, functional, and imaging evaluation. Arch Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;3(4).
Bigdelu L, Azari A, Fazlinezhad A. Assessment of right ventricular function by tissue doppler, strain and strain rate imaging in patients with left-sided valvular heart disease and pulmonary hypertension. Arch Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;2(1).
Hoit BD. Left atrial size and function: role in prognosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(6):493–505.
Rosca M, Lancellotti P, Popescu BA, Pierard LA. Left atrial function: pathophysiology, echocardiographic assessment, and clinical applications. Heart. 2011;97(23):1982–9.
Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, Flachskampf FA, Foster E, Pellikka PA, et al. Recommendations for chamber quantification. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2006;7(2):79–108.
Rusinaru D, Tribouilloy C, Grigioni F, Avierinos JF, Suri RM, Barbieri A, et al. Left atrial size is a potent predictor of mortality in mitral regurgitation due to flail leaflets: results from a large international multicenter study. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4(5):473–81.
Anderson RH. The surgical anatomy of the aortic root. Multimedia manual of cardiothoracic surgery. MMCTS. 2007;2007(102):mmcts 2006 002527.
Kim M, Roman MJ, Cavallini MC, Schwartz JE, Pickering TG, Devereux RB. Effect of hypertension on aortic root size and prevalence of aortic regurgitation. Hypertension. 1996;28(1):47–52.
Stone MB, Huang JV. Inferior vena cava assessment: correlation with CVP and plethora in Tamponade. Glob Heart. 2013;8(4):323–7.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Akiash, N. (2018). Summary of Cardiac Chamber Quantification in Adults by Echocardiography. In: Sadeghpour, A., Alizadehasl, A. (eds) Case-Based Textbook of Echocardiography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67691-3_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67691-3_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-67689-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-67691-3
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)