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Arctic Marine Resource Governance and Development pp 115–137Cite as

Ballast Water and Invasive Species in the Arctic

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Abstract

Ship’s ballast water has been a vector for the spreading of nonindigenous invasive species (NIS) around the globe for more than a century and has had devastating impact on aquatic ecosystems in many regions. Due to the harsh climate, shipping activities in Arctic waters have been limited compared to many parts of the world but will increase in the coming years due to climate changes. This will potentially affect the pristine Arctic marine ecosystems by introduction of NIS. In this chapter, we present the international ballast water regulations that have entered into force and the specific challenges of ballast water management in relation to the Arctic environment and marine ecosystems. We discuss the risk of NIS affecting the Arctic marine ecosystems including the impact of increased shipping activity, changes in living conditions of marine organisms because of climate changes and lack of knowledge of the eco-physiological boundaries and distributions of Arctic marine species. It is concluded that at present only a few marine NIS have been recorded in the Arctic area. Despite the existing and planned ballast water regulations, NIS establishment in the region will increase with an unknown magnitude due to lack of biological data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

    Henrik Holbech & Knud Ladegaard Pedersen

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  1. Henrik Holbech
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  2. Knud Ladegaard Pedersen
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Correspondence to Henrik Holbech .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sociology, Environmental and Business Economics, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark

    Niels Vestergaard

  2. Department of Sociology, Environmental and Business Economics, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark

    Brooks A. Kaiser

  3. Department of Economics Center for Environmental Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA

    Linda Fernandez

  4. Stefansson Arctic Institute, University of Akureyri, Akureyri, Iceland

    Joan Nymand Larsen

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Holbech, H., Pedersen, K.L. (2018). Ballast Water and Invasive Species in the Arctic. In: Vestergaard, N., Kaiser, B., Fernandez, L., Nymand Larsen, J. (eds) Arctic Marine Resource Governance and Development. Springer Polar Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67365-3_7

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