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The Large Hadron Collider

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Search for New Phenomena in Dijet Angular Distributions at √s = 8 and 13 TeV

Part of the book series: Springer Theses ((Springer Theses))

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Abstract

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [1] is a 27 km circumference storage ring with counter-rotating bunched proton or lead ion beams. It is located 100 m below ground at CERN outside Geneva, Switzerland. Some of the design specifications are given in Table 3.1.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    As this work focuses on the proton collision data, the lead ion beams will not be discussed further.

  2. 2.

    Apart from an initial, comparatively small 50 ns dataset.

  3. 3.

    In addition there are smaller experiments, which will not be detailed here.

  4. 4.

    The proton mass energy is negligible: \(\sim \)1  GeV, 10000 times smaller than the kinetic energy.

  5. 5.

    “Coincide” is a simplification: in reality a small crossing angle gives the pp frame a non-zero transverse component in the lab frame.

  6. 6.

    cross section, in units of barns, b, or cm\(^{-2}\): in some sense an area, a geometrical image of how likely it is to hit something. \(1 {\mathrm b} = 10^{-28} {\mathrm m}^2\).

  7. 7.

    On average 20.7 in 2012 (50 ns bunch spacing), and 13.5 in 2015.

  8. 8.

    Going from 40 MHz to 1 kHz means dismissing 99.9975% of the data.

  9. 9.

    An elegant solution to this experimental trade-off is to read out a minimal amount of information from each event, which allows storing these at a higher rate. The challenge is ensuring that the reconstruction of these jets does not suffer from the loss of information from for instance the tracker. Far from being my idea, I still venture to say that with higher luminosities ahead of us, this type of “trigger-level” analysis and fast reconstruction of objects at trigger level is the way forward to retain sensitivity to phenomena in the sub-TeV scale, without requiring associated production of objects whose dedicated triggers have a lower prescale.

References

  1. L. Evans, P. Bryant (eds.), LHC machine. JINST 3. ed. by L. Evans, S08001 (2008)

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  2. G. Aad et al., The ATLAS experiment at the CERN large hadron collider. JINST 3, S08003 (2008)

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  3. K. Aamodt et al., The ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC. J. Instrum. 3(08), S08002 (2008)

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  4. S. Chatrchyan et al., The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. JINST 3, S08004 (2008)

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  5. A.A. Alves Jr et al., The LHCb detector at the LHC. JINST 3(08), S08005 (2008)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany

    Lene Kristian Bryngemark

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  1. Lene Kristian Bryngemark
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Correspondence to Lene Kristian Bryngemark .

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Bryngemark, L.K. (2017). The Large Hadron Collider. In: Search for New Phenomena in Dijet Angular Distributions at √s = 8 and 13 TeV. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67346-2_3

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