Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Philosophical Study on Composites and Their Drilling Techniques

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Functional Biopolymers

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Polymer and Composite Materials ((SSPCM))

Abstract

Due to the advancement in the properties, design and manufacturing of fibre-reinforced polymer composite materials, especially the natural or bio-based types, their wide applications have been significantly enhanced compared to the conventional materials (metals and alloys). With this trend, there is a strong interest and importance in understanding the machinability of these materials. Machinability of these materials depends, among other parameters, on properties of fibres and matrices, drilling conditions, parameters and techniques. Among the machining operations of these composites, drilling is the most crucial and common operation. Hence, this chapter focuses on better understanding of biocomposites and various composite conventional and non-conventional drilling techniques. The primary aim of this chapter, therefore, is to provide comparative analysis between conventional and non-conventional drilling of composite materials.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abiola OS, Kupolati WK, Sadiku ER, Ndambuki JM (2014) Utilisation of natural fibre as modifier in bituminous mixes: A review. Const Build Mater 54:305–312

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abrão AM, Faria PE, Rubio JCC, Reis P, Davim JP (2007) Drilling of fibre reinforced plastics: A review. J Mater Proc Technol 186(1–3):1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abrate S, Walton D (2016) Machining of composite materials. Part II: non-traditional methods. Compos manuf 3(2):85–94

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abrate S, Walton DA (1992) Machining of composite materials Parts I: traditional methods. Compos Manuf 3(2):75–94

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anarghya A, Yatheesha RB, Gurumurthy BM, Rao N, Ranjith BS (2015) Drill-ability studies of laser drilled micro holes on CFRP composites. In: New developments in biology, biomedical and chemical engineering and materials science. International conference proceedings, Vienna, Austria, 15–17 March

    Google Scholar 

  • Arul S, Vijayaraghavan L, Malhotra SK, Krishnamurthy R (2006) The effect of vibratory drilling on hole quality in polymeric composites. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 46:252–259

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Azarhoushang B, Akbari J (2007) Ultrasonic-assisted drilling of Inconel 738-LC. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 47:1027–1033

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bledzki A, Sperber VE, Faruk O (2002) Natural wood and fibre reinforcement in polymers. Rapra Review Reports, Rapra Technology Ltd, Shrewsbury

    Google Scholar 

  • Bongiorno A, Capello E, Copani G, Tagliaferri V (1998) Drilled hole damage and residual fatigue behaviour of GFRP, ECCM-8, Naples, Italy II, pp 525–532

    Google Scholar 

  • Caiazzo F, Curcio F, Daurelio G, Memola FCM (2005) Laser cutting of different polymeric plastics (PE, PP and PC) by a CO2 laser beam. J Mater Process Technol 159(3):279–285

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen WC (1997) Some experimental investigations in the drilling of carbon fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) composite laminates. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 37:1097–1108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheung HY, Ho MP, Lau KT, Cardona F, Hui D (2009) Natural fibre reinforced composites for bioengineering and environmental engineering applications. Compos Part B Eng 40(7):655–663

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Choudhury IA, Shirley S (2010) Laser cutting of polymeric materials: an experimental investigation. Opt Laser Technol 42:503–508

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chryssolouris G, Stavropoulos P, Salonitis K (2014) Process of laser machining. In: Handbook of manufacturing energy and technology, pp 1–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Cong WL, Pei ZJ, Feng Q, Deines TW, Treadwell C (2012) Rotary ultrasonic machining of CFRP: a comparison with twist drilling. J Reinf Plast Compos 31(5):313–321

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davim JP, Barricas N, Conceicao M, Oliveira C (2008) Some experimental studies on CO2 laser cutting quality of polymeric materials. J Mater Proc Technol 198:99–104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DeGarmo EP, Black JT, Kohser RA (2003) Materials and processes in manufacturing, 9th edn. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Dhakal HN, Zhang ZY, Richardson MOW (2007) Effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties of hemp fibre reinforced unsaturated polyester composites. Compos Sci Technol 67(7–8):1674–1683

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doreswamy D, Shivamurthy B, Anjaiah D, Sharma NY (2015) An investigation of abrasive water jet machining on graphite/glass/epoxy composite. Int J Manuf Eng 2015:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Durão LMP (2005) Machining of hybrid composite. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto

    Google Scholar 

  • Durão MLP, Tavares JMRS, de Albuquerque VHC, Marques JFS, Andrade ONG (2014) Drilling damage in composite material. Open Access Mater 7:3802–3819

    Google Scholar 

  • Faraz A, Biermann D, Weinert K (2009) Cutting edge rounding: an innovative tool wear criterion in drilling CFRP composite laminates. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 49:1185–1196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Faruk O, Bledzki AK, Fink HP, Sain M (2012) Biocomposites reinforced with natural fibers: 2000–2010. Prog Poly Sci 37(11):1552–1596

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forsmann AC, Lundgren EH, Dodell AL, Komashko AM, Armas MS (2007) Double pulse format for laser drilling. Photonics Spectra 1–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Graf K (1975) Macrosonics in industry: 5. Ultrasonic machining. Ultrasonics 13(3):103–109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Graupner N, Herrman AS, Mussig J (2009) Natural and man-made cellulose fibre reinforced poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composites: an overview about mechanical characteristics and application areas. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf 40(6–7):810–821

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta A, Barnes S, McEwen I, Kourra N, Williams MA (2014) Study of cutting speed variation in the ultrasonic assisted drilling of carbon fibre composites. In: Proceedings of the ASME 2014 international mechanical engineering congress and exposition, 37046

    Google Scholar 

  • Guu YH, Hocheng H, Tai NH, Liu SY (2001) Effect of electrical discharge machining on the characteristics of carbon fibre reinforced carbon composites. J Mater Sci 36:2037–2043

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hejjaji A, Singh D, Kubher S, Kalyanasundaram D, Gururaja S (2016) Machining damage in FRPs: laser versus conventional drilling. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf 82:42–52

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hocheng H (1990) A failure analysis of water jet drilling in composite laminate. Int J March Tools Manufact 30(3):423–429

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hocheng H, Dharan CKH (1988) Delamination during drilling in composite laminates. In: Proceedings of the conference on machining composites, Winter Annual Meeting, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (PED-35/MD-12), pp 39–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Hocheng H, Tai NH, Liu CS (2000) Assessment of ultrasonic drilling of C/SiC composite material. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf 31:133–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hocheng H, Tsao CC (2005) The path towards delamination-free drilling of composite materials. J Mater Process Technol 167:251–264

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ismail SO, Dhakal HN, Popov I, Beaugrand J (2015) Experimental analysis of drilling-induced damage of lignocellosic 19/hemp fibre reinforced PCL and MTM 44-1/carbon fibre reinforced epoxy resin composites. In: Proceedings of 5th international conference on natural fibre composites for industrial applications, Sapienza Universita de Roma, Rome, Italy, 15–16 October, pp 1–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Jawaid M, Abdul Khalil HPS (2011) Cellulosic/synthetic fibre reinforced polymer hybrid composites: a review. Carbohyd Polym 86(1):1–18

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kabir MM, Wang H, Lau KT, Cardona F (2012) Chemical treatments on plant based natural fibre reinforced polymer composites: an overview. Compos Part B: Eng 43(7):2883–2892

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kalpakjian S, Schmid SR (2003) Manufacturing processes for engineering materials, 4th edn. Prentice-Hall, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kavad BV, Pandey AB, Tadavi MV, Jakharia HC (2014) A review paper on effects of drilling on glass fibre reinforced plastic. Procedia Technol 14:457–464

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khan AA, Ndaliman BM (2011) An introduction to electrical discharge machining. Adv Mach Process: 65–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Khashaba UA (2004) Delamination in drilling GFR-thermoset composites. Compos Struct 63(3–4):313–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kocsis J, Mahmood H, Pegoretti A (2015) Recent advances in fiber/matrix interphase engineering for polymer composites. Prog Mater Sci 73:1–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Komanduri R (1997) Machining fibre-reinforced composites. Mach Sci Tech 1(1):113–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • König W, Graß P (1989) Quality definition and assessment in drilling of fibre reinforced thermosets. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol 38(1):119–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ku H, Wang H, Pattarachaiyakoop N, Trada M (2011) A review on the tensile properties of natural fibre reinforced polymer composites. Compos Part B Eng 42(4):856–873

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu D, Tang Y, Cong WL (2012) A review of mechanical drilling for composite laminates. Compos Struct 94(4):1265–1279

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Makhdum F, Phadnis AA, Roy A, Silberschmidt VV (2014) Effect of ultrasonically-assisted drilling on carbon fibre-reinforced plastics. J Sound Vib 333(23):5939–5952

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mallick PK (2008) Fibre-reinforcement composites, materials, manufacturing and design, 3rd edn. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Marinov V (2010) Manufacturing processes for metal products, 1st edn. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehbudi P, Baghlani V, Akbari J, Bushroa AR, Mardi NA (2013) Applying ultrasonic vibration to decrease drilling-induced delamination in GFRP laminates. Procedia Soc Behav Sci 6:577–582

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehta M, Reinhart TJ, Soni AH (1992) Effect of fastener hole drilling anomalies on structural integrity of PMR-15/Gr composite laminates. In: Proceedings of the machining composite materials symposium, ASM Materials Week, Chicago, IL, USA, 1–5 November, pp 113–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohamed AH (2014) Waterjet trimming and drilling of CFRP components for advanced aircraft. Flow International Corporation, SME Technical Paper, Kent, WA

    Google Scholar 

  • Nirmal U, Hashim J, Ahmed MMHM (2015) A review on the tribological performance of natural fibre polymeric composites. Tribo Int 83:77–104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park KY, Choi JH, Lee DG (1995) Delamination-free and high efficiency drilling of carbon fibre reinforced plastics. J Compos Mater 29(15):1988–2002

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phadnis VA, Makhdum F, Roy A, Silberschmidt VV (2012a) Experimental and numerical investigations in conventional and ultrasonically assisted drilling of CFRP laminate. Procedia CIRP 1:455–459

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phadnis VA, Makhdum F, Roy A, Silberschmidt VV (2012b) Ultrasonically-assisted drilling in CFRP composites. In: ECCM15—15th European conference on composite materials, pp 24–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Pickering K (ed) (2008) Properties and performance of natural fibre composites. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton

    Google Scholar 

  • Puglia D, Biagiotti J, Kenny JM (2004) Application of natural reinforcements in composite materials, Part II: Application of natural reinforcements in composite materials for automotive industry. J Nat Fib 1(3):23–65

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pujana J, Rivero A, Celaya A, López de Lacalle LN (2009) Analysis of ultrasonic-assisted drilling of Ti6Al4V. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 49:500–508

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramkumara J, Malhotra SK, Krishnamurthy R (2004) Effect of work piece vibration on drilling of GFRP laminates. J Mater Proc Technol 152:329–332

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramulu M, Arola D (1993) Water jet and abrasive water jet cutting of unidirectional granite/epoxy composite. Composites 24:299–308

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rawat S, Attia H (2009) Wear mechanisms and tool life management of WC–Co drills during dry high speed drilling of woven carbon fibre composites. Wear 267(5–8):1022–1030

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rubio JC, Abrao AM, Faria PE, Correia AE, Davim JP (2008) Effects of high speed in the drilling of glass fibre reinforced plastic: evaluation of the delamination factor. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 48:715–720

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sakthivel M, Vijayakumar S, Channankaiah RM (2015) A review on delamination in conventional and vibrated assisted drilling in glass fibre reinforced polymer composites. Int J ChemTech Res 7(6):2794–2801

    Google Scholar 

  • Sankar BR, Umamaheswarrao P, Reddy AVA, Kumar PK (2014) Drilling of composite laminates: a review. J Basic Appl Eng Res 1(3):19–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Sapuan SM, Kho JY, Zainudin ES, Leman Z, Ali BAA, Hambali A (2011) Material selection for natural fiber reinforced polymer composites using analytical hierarchy process. Ind J Eng Mater Sci 18(4):255–267

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scarponi C, Sarasini F, Tirillo J, Lampani L, Valente T, Gaudenzi P (2015) Low-velocity impact response of hemp fibre reinforced bio-based epoxy laminates. In: Proceedings of 5th conference on natural fibre composites for industrial applications, Sapienza Universita de Roma, Rome, Italy, 15–16 October, pp 1–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Shah DU (2013) Developing plant fibre composites for structural applications by optimising composite parameters: a critical review. J Mater Sci 48:6083–6107

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shaikh AA, Jain PS (2012) Experimental study of various technologies for cutting polymer matrix composites. Int J Adv Eng Technol 2(1):81–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh MK (2008) Unconventional manufacturing processes, 1st edn. New Age International, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone R, Krishnamurthy K (1996) A neural network thrust force controller to minimize delamination during drilling of graphite–epoxy laminates. J Mach Tools Manuf. 36(9):985–1003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tagliaferri V, Caprino G, Diterlizzi A (1990) Effect of drilling parameters on the finish and mechanical properties of GFRP composites. Znt J Mach Tools Manu 30(1):77–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Terzopoulou ZN, Papageorgio GZ, Papadopoulou E, Athanassiadou E, Alexopoulou E, Bikiaris DN (2015) Green composites prepared from aliphatic polyesters and bast fibers. Indust Crops Sci 68:60–79

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas PNH, Babitsky VI (2007) Experiments and simulations on ultrasonically assisted drilling. J Sound Vib 3(8):3–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsao CC (2012) Drilling processes for composites, machining technology for composite materials. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Tungjitpornkull S, Sombatsompop N (2009) Processing technique and fibre orientation angle affecting the mechanical properties of E-glass reinforced wood/PVC composites. J Mater Process Technol 209(6):3079–3088

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Unde PD, Gayakwad MD, Ghadge RS (2014) Abrasive water jet machining of composite materials: a review. Int J Innov Res in Sci Eng Technol 3(4):6–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Upadhyay PC, Lyons JS (1999) On the evaluation of critical thrust for delamination-free drilling of composite laminates. J Rein Plast Compos 18(14):1287–1303

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vaxevanidis NM, Gourgouletis K, Galanis NI, Manolakos DE (2006) Electrical discharge drilling of carbon fibre reinforced composite materials. Int J Mach Machinab Mater 10(3):187–201

    Google Scholar 

  • Wambua P, Ivens J, Verpoest I (2003) Natural fibres: can they replace glass in fibre reinforced plastics. Compos Sci Technol 63(9):1259–1264

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang H, Guo Q, Yang J, Liu Z, Zhao Y, Li J, Feng Z, Liu L (2013) Microstructural evolution and oxidation resistance of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers doped with boron by the decomposition of B4C. Carbon 56:296–308

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wong TL, Wu SM, Croy GM (1982) An analysis of delamination in drilling composite material. In: 14th national SAMPE technology conference, Atlanta, pp 471–483

    Google Scholar 

  • Yan Z, Zhang J, Zhang H, Wang H (2013) Improvement of mechanical properties of noil hemp fiber reinforced polypropylene composites by resin modification and fiber treatment. Adv Mater Sci Eng 2013:1–7

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3DJ, England, UK

    Sikiru Oluwarotimi Ismail & Hom Nath Dhakal

Authors
  1. Sikiru Oluwarotimi Ismail
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hom Nath Dhakal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sikiru Oluwarotimi Ismail .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty in Manufacturing, Enhanced Composites and Structures Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom

    Vijay Kumar Thakur

  2. Division of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Manju Kumari Thakur

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ismail, S.O., Dhakal, H.N. (2018). Philosophical Study on Composites and Their Drilling Techniques. In: Thakur, V., Thakur, M. (eds) Functional Biopolymers. Springer Series on Polymer and Composite Materials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66417-0_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation