Abstract
Ethical violations have occurred in medical experiments throughout history. As such, philosophers, bioethicists, legal scholars and other stakeholders have developed ethics guidelines, especially in the last 60 years, to regulate the ethical conduct of medical research. This is especially true in the Western world, but is missing in many of the low and middle income countries (LMICs).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
References
Code of Federal Regulations(CFR) 46. 116. 1991. Protection of human subjects; Rev. June 18.
Alahmad, G., M. Al-Jumah, and K. Dierickx. 2012. Review of national research ethics regulations and guidelines in Middle Eastern Arab countries. BMC Medical Ethics 13: 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6939-13-34.
Bugaighis, I., A. El-Howati, A.S.A. Elmusrati, and A. Arheiam. 2016. The establishment of ethical guidelines for biomedical research in Libya. The Libyan journal of medicine 11 (1): 33424.
Beecher, J.K. 1966. Ethics and clinical research. The New England Journal of Medicine 274: 1354–1360.
Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS). 2002. International ethical guidelines for biomedical research involving human subjects.
Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS), & World Health Organization (WHO). 2016. International ethical guidelines for health-related research involving humans. Geneva: CIOMS.
Dajani, R. 2014. Jordan’s stem-cell law can guide the Middle East. Nature 510 (7504): 189. https://doi.org/10.1038/510189a.
Egyptian Government. 1971. Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt Article 43 (pp.): Available at: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/EG/Egyptian%20Constitution%20-%20english.pdf.
Emanuel, E.J., D. Wendler, and C. Grady. 2000. What makes clinical research ethical? JAMA 283: 2701–2711.
Federal Ministry of Health. 2008. National guidelines for ethical conduct of research involving human subjects (Vol. Available at: http://sites.google.com/site/healthresearchlibrary/national-guidelines).
Health Authority – Abu Dhabi. 2008. Federal law No. (10) of 2008 Concerning medical liability and cabinet decision No. (33) of 2009.
Issuing the Implementing Regulation of Federal Law No. (10) of 2008 n.d. Concerning medical liability: Available at: http://www.haad.ae/HAAD/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=_-p5s8m9xvU=&tabid=1159.
International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). 1996. Good Clinical Practice: Available at: http://www.ich.org/products/guidelines/efficacy/article/efficacy-guidelines.html.
Jordan Food & Drug Administration. 2001. Law of clinical studies provisional law No. 97 for the Year 2001. Retrieved at: http://www.menareti.net/uploadfiles/Mereti/Clinical_trial_law_jordan_provisional_law_97_2001.pdf.
Lebanon. 2012. Code of medical ethics. Law No. 240: Available at: https://www.aub.edu.lb/fm/shbpp/ethics/public/Documents/New-Code-of-Medical-Ethics-text-ENGLISH.pdf.
Ministry of Health: Kuwait Institute for Medical Specialization. 2001. Ethical guidelines for biomedical research: Available at: http://www.kims.org.kw/Ethical%202.doc.
National Committee of Bioethics – King Abdulaziz City of Science and Technology. 2010. Law of ethics of research on living creatures (Arabic): Available at: http://bioethics.kacst.edu.sa/getattachment/4bd0d4e2-1b93-4c32-b483-57902227fae2/Bioethic-Rgl-fin-bks.aspx
———. 2011. Implementing regulations of the law of ethics of research on living creatures: Available at: http://bioethics.kacst.edu.sa/getattachment/9bc41471-034a-482c-8afe-a7a3348f6c16/Implementing-Regulations-research-ethics-on-living.aspx.
Nuremberg Code. 1949. Trials of war criminals before the nuremberg military tribunals under control council law, No. 10. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Omran, A. 2009. Health research structure & procedures. In: Kingdom of Bahrain Ministry of Health (Ed.). Available at: http://www.moh.gov.bh/PDF/Health%20Research%20Structure%20and%20Procedures%20%20DRAFT.pdf.
Qatar Supreme Council of Health. 2009. Policies, regulations and guidelines involving human. Available at: http://www.moph.qa/app/media/24.
Republic of Tunisia. 2014. Official Gazette, N° 84 (17 October 2014) Page 855.
———. 2015. Official Gazette, N° 9 (30 January 2015) Page 115.
Saudi Food and Drug Administration. 2015. The clinical trial requirement guidelines. Available at: http://www.fdanews.com/ext/resources/files/08-15/8-15-SaudiTrials.pdf?1441030524.
Sleem, H., S. El-Kamary, and H.J. Silverman. 2010. Identifying structures, processes, resources and needs of research ethics committees in Egypt. BMC Medical Ethics 11: 12.
The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. 1979. Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. Available at: http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/humansubjects/guidance/belmont.html.
Tuskegee Syphilis Study Ad Hoc Advisory Panel. 1973. Final Report of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study Ad Hoc Panel. U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service.
World Health Organization. 2011. Standards and operational guidance for ethics review of health-related research with human participants (Vol. Available at: http://www.who.int/ethics/research/en/).
World Medical Association. 1964. Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Ferney-Voltaire: World Health Organization.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Alahmad, G. (2017). National Guidelines Regarding Research Ethics in the Arab Countries: An Overview. In: Silverman, H. (eds) Research Ethics in the Arab Region. Research Ethics Forum, vol 5. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65266-5_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65266-5_17
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-65264-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-65266-5
eBook Packages: Religion and PhilosophyPhilosophy and Religion (R0)