Conclusion

Abstract

This chapter concludes in two contexts: first, national planning for implementation; and second, departures from current conventional wisdom. The task in low- and middle-income countries is building and adapting to changing circumstances the critical set of institutions and making large investments for agricultural growth. That is to be done largely in the public or quasi-public sector and in the context of acute scarcity of financial and trained personnel resources. That requires explicit national vision, strategy, and planning and priorities or sequencing of efforts. The departures from conventional wisdom are with respect to the role of agriculture in the economic transformation, the nature of traditional agriculture, and in several aspects of modernization.