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Motivation and Action pp 67–112Cite as

Trait Theories of Motivation

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Abstract

Motivation is the result of an interaction between situational incentives and individual dispositions. Dispositional influences can explain why some people act in a motivated way across different situations while others do not. In part, motivation is, thus, not only attributed to the causal impact of situational incentives but also to stable traits which are part of an individual’s personality. These traits differ from other people across situations and are relatively stable over time. This chapter will begin with a basic explanation and gradually introduce more complex perspectives on the role of dispositional factors in motivation. Both nomothetic and idiographic perspectives will be introduced.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nordakademie Graduate School, Hamburg, Germany

    David Scheffer

  2. Max Planck Institute for Psychological Research, Munich, Germany

    Heinz Heckhausen

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  1. David Scheffer
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  2. Heinz Heckhausen
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Correspondence to David Scheffer .

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  1. Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA

    Jutta Heckhausen

  2. Max Planck Institute for Psychological Research, Munich, Germany

    Heinz Heckhausen

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Scheffer, D., Heckhausen, H. (2018). Trait Theories of Motivation. In: Heckhausen, J., Heckhausen, H. (eds) Motivation and Action . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65094-4_3

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