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Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Energy Balance and Prostate Cancer

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Energy Balance and Prostate Cancer

Part of the book series: Energy Balance and Cancer ((EBAC,volume 14))

Abstract

Population-based studies now generally support a positive association between correlates of energy imbalance and prostate cancer risk. However, despite the fact that prostate cancer shows notable racial/ethnic disparities, and the fact that modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for prostate cancer show racial/ethnic variation, little work has been done to investigate whether the association between energy balance and prostate cancer differs by race/ethnicity. This chapter reviews the still evolving literature, including on lifestyle risk factors that are correlated with energy balance, with a focus on risk of advanced and fatal prostate cancer in different racial and ethnic groups. The majority of studies on energy balance and prostate cancer have been conducted in non-Hispanic white men, including from North America, Europe, and Australia. Very few studies on this topic have been conducted among minority populations, and of those studies that included minority populations, the sample sizes were so small that meaningful conclusions could not be derived. Some studies adjusted for race/ethnicity, but findings from these analyses do not inform whether the association between energy imbalance and prostate differs by race/ethnicity. Adequately powered studies seeking to document similarities and differences among racial/ethnic groups in energy-balance related risk factors for prostate cancer, especially lethal disease, are needed to be able to tailoring interventions to subpopulations. Standard definitions of race, ethnicity, and more generally ancestry, must be developed for such research in population-based studies, to make the comparison among study findings more valid and reliable. More work is also needed to understand the biological pathways that may underlie any racial/ethnic differences in the association between energy balance and prostate cancer: testosterone remains a possible explanatory mechanism.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, 1200 Pressler Street, suite E-629, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    David S. Lopez DrPH, MPH, MS

  2. Division of Urology, University of Texas-Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA

    David S. Lopez DrPH, MPH, MS

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Correspondence to David S. Lopez DrPH, MPH, MS .

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  1. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Elizabeth A. Platz

  2. Center for Science, Health and Society, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Nathan A. Berger

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Lopez, D.S. (2018). Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Energy Balance and Prostate Cancer. In: Platz, E., Berger, N. (eds) Energy Balance and Prostate Cancer. Energy Balance and Cancer, vol 14. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64940-5_2

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