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Imposing Constitutionality: The 2009 Bundestag Election

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Proportional Representation

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Abstract

Electoral systems cater to constitutional demands and political goals, and to procedural rules and practical manageability. The diverse requirements are exemplified by the 2009 election of the German Bundestag. The Federal Election Law provides citizens with two votes: a first vote to elect a constituency representative by plurality, and a second vote to mirror the electorate’s division along party lines by proportionality. As Germany is a federation of sixteen states, the federal subdivision is also incorporated. The Bundestag electoral system illustrates the five electoral principles that underlie Europe’s electoral heritage: to elect the members of parliament by direct and universal suffrage in a free, equal, and secret ballot.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Every reference concludes with a list [A. b, C. d, …] of Sects. A. b, C. d, etc. where the reference is quoted. The chapter “Notes and Comments” is indicated by “N”. The reference sources in the individual sections of Chap. 16 are not repeated here.

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    Friedrich Pukelsheim

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Pukelsheim, F. (2017). Imposing Constitutionality: The 2009 Bundestag Election. In: Proportional Representation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64707-4_2

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