Skip to main content

Defining Social Skills

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Handbook of Social Behavior and Skills in Children

Abstract

A variety of definitions and methods of assessing social deficits and excesses have been developed. While the specifics of definitions may vary, the two most common threads throughout these definitions involve communication and interaction with others, and they enable the individual to function competently at social tasks. This chapter summarizes current and historical definitions of social skills, identifies and discusses social skill behavior as a key component in various DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) diagnoses [e.g., Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder, autism spectrum disorder], and provides a discussion of how social skills is operationalized in various norm reference measures (e.g., Social Skills Improvement System, Behavior Assessment System for Children, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Childhood Autism Rating Scale).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 229.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Achenbach, T. M., Rescorla, L. A., McConaughey, S. H., Pecora, P. J., Wetherbee, K. M., Ruffle, T. M., & Newhouse, P. A. (2004). Achenbach system of empirically based assessment. Burlington, VT: ASEBA Research Center for Children, Youth, and Families.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Angélico, A. P., Crippa, J. A. S., & Loureiro, S. R. (2013). Social anxiety disorder and social skills: A critical review of the literature. International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy, 7, 16–23. doi:10.1037/h0100961

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beidel, D. C., Rao, P. A., Scharfstein, L., Wong, N., & Alfano, C. A. (2010). Social skills and social phobia: An investigation of DSM-IV subtypes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48, 992–1001. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.06.005

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Bunford, N., Evans, S. W., Becker, S. P., & Langberg, J. M. (2015). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and social skills in youth: A moderated mediation model of emotion dysregulation and depression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 43, 283–296. doi:10.1007/s10802-014-9909-2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D., Dodge, K. A., & Coppotelli, H. (1982). Dimensions and types of social status: A cross-age perspective. Developmental Psychology, 18, 557–570. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.18.4.557

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Constantino, J. N., Przybeck, T., Friesen, D., & Todd, R. D. (2000). Reciprocal social behavior in children with and without pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 21, 2–11. doi:10.1097/00004703-200002000-00002

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cook, C. R., Gresham, L. K., Barreras, R. B., Thornton, S., & Crews, S. D. (2008). Socials skills training for secondary students with emotional and/or behavioral disorders: A review and analysis of the meta-analytic literature. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 16, 131–144. doi:10.1177/1063426608314541

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elliott, S. N., & Busse, R. T. (1991). Social skills assessment and intervention with children and adolescents: Guidelines for assessment and training procedures. School Psychology International, 12, 63–83. doi:10.1177/0143034391121006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foster, S. L., & Ritchey, W. L. (1979). Issues in the assessment of social competence in children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 12, 625–638. doi:10.1901/jaba.1979.12-625

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Frick, P. J., Barry, P. T., & Kamphaus, R. W. (2010). Clinical assessment of child and adolescent personality and behavior. New York: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Gilliam, J. E. (2014). Gilliam autism rating scale—Third edition. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenspan, S. (1981). Social competence and handicapped individuals: Practical implications and proposed model. Advances in Special Education, 3, 41–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gresham, F. M. (1983). Social skills assessment as a component of mainstreaming placement decisions. Exceptional Children, 49, 331–336. doi:10.1177/001440298304900406

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gresham, F. M. (1986). Conceptual and definitional issues in the assessment of children's social skills: Implications for classification and training. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 15, 3–15. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp1501_1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gresham, F. M. (1997). Social competence and students with behavior disorders: Where we’ve been, where we are, and where we should go. Education and Treatment of Children, 20, 233–249.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gresham, F. M., & Elliott, S. N. (1984). Assessment and classification of children’s social skills: A review of methods and issues. School Psychology Review, 13, 292–301.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gresham, F. M., & Elliott, S. N. (1989). Social skills deficits as a primary learning disability. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 22, 120–124. doi:10.1177/002221948902200207

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gresham, F. M., & Elliott, S. N. (2008). Social skills improvement system rating scales. San Antonio, TX: Pearson Assessment.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gresham, F. M., & Little, S. G. (1992). Peer-referenced assessment strategies. In M. Hersen & T. Ollendick (Eds.), Handbook of child and adolescent assessment (pp. 165–179). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hops, H. (1983). Children's social competence and skill: Current research practices and future directions. Behavior Therapy, 14, 3–18. doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(83)80084-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E. (1977). Assessing the clinical or applied importance of behavior change through social validation. Behavior Modification, 1, 427–451. doi:10.1177/014544557714001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ladd, G. (2005). Children’s peer relations and social competence: A century of progress. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Libet, J., & Lewinsohn, M. (1973). Concept of social skills with special reference to the behavior of depressed patients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 401, 304–312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McClelland, M. M., & Scalzo, C. (2006). Social skills deficits. In M. Hersen (Ed.), Clinician’s handbook of child behavioral assessment (pp. 313–335). New York: Elsevier.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Merrell, K. W. (1999). Behavioral, social, and emotional assessment of children and adolescents. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oden, S., & Asher, S. R. (1977). Coaching children in social skills for friendship making. Child Development, 48, 495–506. doi:10.2307/1128645

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pearson Education. (2016). BASC-3 scales, composites and indexes for the TRS, PRS, and SRP. Retrieved from http://images.pearsonclinical.com/images/assets/basc-3/CLINA15775-29093-BASC3-WhitePaper-Hr-f_FINAL.pdf

  • Perry, A., Condillac, R. A., Freeman, N. L., Dunn-Geier, J., & Belair, J. (2005). Multi-site study of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) in five clinical groups of young children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35, 625–634. doi:10.1007/s10803-005-0006-9

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, E. L. (1978). The social skills basis of psychopathology. New York: Grune & Stratton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poulin, F., & Dishion, T. J. (2008). Methodological issues in the use of peer sociometric nominations with middle school youth. Social Development, 13, 908–921. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9507.2008.00473.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, C. R., & Kampaus, R. W. (2015). Behavior assessment system for children (3rd ed.). San Antonio, TX: Pearson Assessment.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schopler, E., Van Bourgondien, M. E., Wellman, G. J., & Love, S. R. (2010). Childhood autism rating scale (2nd ed.). Torrance, CA: Western Psychological Services.

    Google Scholar 

  • Semrud-Clikeman, M. (2007). Social competence in children. New York: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Sparrow, S. S., Cicchetti, D. V., & Saulnier, C. A. (2016). Vineland adaptive behavior scales (3rd ed.). San Antonio, TX: Pearson Assessment.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolf, M. M. (1978). Social validity: The case for subjective measurement or how behavior analysis is finding its heart. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 11, 203–214. doi:10.1901/jaba.1978.11-203

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Steven G. Little .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Little, S.G., Swangler, J., Akin-Little, A. (2017). Defining Social Skills. In: Matson, J. (eds) Handbook of Social Behavior and Skills in Children . Autism and Child Psychopathology Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64592-6_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics