Abstract
This chapter sets out the central argument of the book: that newspapers often construct senior women in essentialist, reductive and/or sexualised ways despite women’s increasing success in education and many careers. These media representations are potentially damaging to aspiring women as they send out messages that they are not suitable for leadership in a male world. Even newspapers with a feminist orientation may revert to a modernist, essentialist view of representing women leaders that does not always help their cause. Readers can play a significant part in deconstructing these representations so that possible ‘damage’ is mitigated. I introduce the three critical perspectives of the book: the framework of women leader stereotypes; the feminist agenda spectrum; and the poststructuralist, ‘reflexive’ perspective.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adams, R. B. (2016). Women on boards: The superheroes of tomorrow? The Leadership Quarterly, 27(3), 371–386.
Addley, E. (2017, March 8). Why should women be abused in public life? London: The Guardian, p. 7.
Baxter, J. (2003). Positioning gender in discourse: A feminist methodology. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Baxter, J. (2010). The language of female leadership. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Brescoll, V. L. (2016). Leading with their hearts? How gender stereotypes of emotion lead to biased evaluations of female leaders. The Leadership Quarterly, 27(3), 415–428.
Butler, J. (1990). Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity. New York: Routledge.
Cameron, D. (2005). Language, gender and sexuality: Current issues and new directions. Applied Linguistics, 26(4), 482–502.
Catalyst. (2016). Statistical overview of women in the workforce. Retrieved February 12, 2017, from: http://www.catalyst.org/knowledge/statistical-overview-women-workforce.
Chapman, J. (2014, July 16). Esther, the queen of the downing street catwalk. The Daily Mail, p. 4.
Coates, J. (2004). Women, men and language (2nd ed.). London: Longman.
Cooper, R. (1989). Modernism, postmodernism and organisational analysis 3: The contribution of Jacques Derrida. Organisation Studies, 10(4), 479–502.
Davies, B., & Harré, R. (1990). Positioning: The discursive production of selves. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 20(1), 44–63.
Derks, B., Van Laar, C., & Ellemers, N. (2016). The queen bee phenomenon: Why women leaders distance themselves from junior women. The Leadership Quarterly, 27(3), 456–469.
Derrida, J. (1967). Of grammatology. Baltimore: John Hopkins Press.
Eagly, A. H., & Heilman, M. E. (2016). Gender and leadership: Introduction to the special issue. Leadership Quarterly, 27(3), 349–353.
Equality Challenge Unit. (2017). Unconscious bias. Retrieved February 1, 2017, from http://www.ecu.ac.uk/guidance-resources/employment-and-careers/staff-recruitment/unconscious-bias/.
Ferris, I. (2015, November 10). Posh’s skyscraper heels for skyscraper city. The Daily Mail, p. 15.
Foucault, M. (1972). The order of things: Archaeology of the human sciences. London: Tavistock.
Foucault, M. (1980). Power/Knowledge. New York: Harvester Press.
Gill, R. (2007). Gender and the media. London: Polity Press.
Hammersley, M., & Atkinson, P. (1995). Ethnography (2nd ed.). London: Routledge.
Heritage, J. (1984). Garfinkel and Ethnomethodology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
HMSO. (2010). The Equalities Act. Retrieved from http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/15/contents; on 18th November 2016.
Holmes, J. (2006). Gendered talk at work. Oxford: Blackwell.
Holmes, J. (2007). Social constructionism, postmodernism and feminist Sociolinguistics. Gender and Language, 1(1), 51–56.
Hoyt, C. L., & Murphy, S. E. (2016). Managing to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women and leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 27(3), 387–399.
Jackson, J. (2016). Top women sign up for words by women judges. Retrieved February 12, 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/feb/19/words-by-women-judges.
Kanter, R. M. (1993). Men and women of the corporation (2nd ed.). New York: Perseus Books.
Kitzinger, C. (2007). Is ‘woman’ always relevantly gendered? Gender and Language, 1, 39–50.
Koenig, A., Eagly, A., Mitchell, A., & Ristikari, T. (2011). Are leader stereotypes masculine? A meta-analysis of three research paradigms. Psychological Bulletin, 137(4), 616–642.
Litosseliti, L. (2006). Gender and language: Theory and practice. London: Hodder Arnold.
Mail Advertising. (2017). Circulation and readership. Retrieved March 16, 2017, from http://www.mailadvertising.co.uk/brand/daily-mail/.
Mills, S., & Mullany, L. (2011). Language, gender and feminism: Theory, methodology and practice. London: Routledge.
Mullany, L. (2007). Gendered discourse in the professional workplace. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
National Readership Survey (NRS). (2017). Useful facts and figures. Retrieved February 12, 2017, from http://www.nrs.co.uk/training-2/helpful-tools/useful-chart/.
News UK. (2017). The Sunday Times. Retrieved February 12, 2017, from https://www.news.co.uk/what-we-do/the-sunday-times/.
Ross, K. (2002). Women, politics, media: Uneasy relations in comparative perspective. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
Ross, K. (2009). Gendered media : Women, men and identity politics. London: Rowan and Littlefield.
Ross, K., & Carter, C. (2011). Women and news: A long and winding road. Media, Culture and Society, 33(8), 1148–1165.
Schulz, M. R. (1990). The semantic derogation of women. In D. Cameron (Ed.), The feminist critique of language (pp. 134–147). London: Routledge.
Sealy, R., Doldor, E., & Vinnicombe, S. (2016). The female FTSE board report. Cranford: Cranford University.
Spender, D. (1980). Man-made language. London: Pandora Press.
Sunderland, J. (2004). Gendered discourses. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Sunderland, R. (2017). What’s the truth about Gina Miller? Retrieved January 24, 2017, from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4154094/What-s-truth-Gina-Miller.html.
Tolhurst, A. (2017). Victory for our constitution. Retrieved January 24, 2017, from https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/2691568/chief-brexit-wrecker-gina-miller-claims-her-supreme-court-win-is-about-the-legal-process-not-politics/.
UN Women. (2017). Facts and figures: Leadership and political participation. Retrieved January 3, 2017, from http://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/leadership-and-political-participation/facts-and-figures.
Walkerdine, V. (2002). Challenging subjectivity: Critical psychology for the new millennium. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
Weedon, C. (1997). Feminist practice and poststructuralist theory (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell.
White, J. (2015, November 10). Art attack! Hirst’s condemned on food hygiene. The Daily Mail, p. 15.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Baxter, J. (2018). The Gendering of Women Leaders in UK Newspapers. In: Women Leaders and Gender Stereotyping in the UK Press. Postdisciplinary Studies in Discourse. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64328-1_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64328-1_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-64327-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-64328-1
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)