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APL in Children

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Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

Abstract

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a rare form of childhood leukemia, but cure rates for pediatric APL have dramatically improved due to the availability of disease-specific (targeted) treatments. Traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy is now combined with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and, more recently, arsenic trioxide (ATO) to result in relapse rates lower than other subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia. APL, however, is unique among the subtypes of pediatric leukemia for its increased risk of early death which may result from coagulopathy or differentiation syndrome. White blood cell count at diagnosis has been utilized to distinguish two risk groups (standard and high risk) on recent pediatric clinical trials to allow risk-adapted therapy. Current research efforts focus on the incorporation of ATO into treatment regimens and further defining risk factors for early death and relapse.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Lowder 512, 1600 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233-1711, USA

    Matthew A. Kutny M.D.

  2. Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza, University of Rome, Roma RM, Italy

    Anna Maria Testi M.D.

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  1. Matthew A. Kutny M.D.
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  2. Anna Maria Testi M.D.
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Correspondence to Matthew A. Kutny M.D. .

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  1. Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Oussama Abla

  2. Department of Hematology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

    Francesco Lo Coco

  3. Department of Medicine, Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fe, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    Miguel A. Sanz

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Kutny, M.A., Testi, A.M. (2018). APL in Children. In: Abla, O., Lo Coco, F., Sanz, M. (eds) Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64257-4_14

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