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Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Precision Molecular Pathology of Prostate Cancer

Part of the book series: Molecular Pathology Library ((MPLB))

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Abstract

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an androgen receptor (AR)-negative variant that most commonly arises from treated adenocarcinoma of the prostate. NEPC does not respond to AR-directed therapy and has only transient response to chemotherapy. It is estimated that up to 30% of late-stage prostate cancers harbor a predominance of neuroendocrine differentiation. However, due to a general lack of biopsy diagnoses for advanced disease, this may underrepresent the frequency of NEPC. The prognosis is poor due to late recognition, heterogeneous clinical features, and lack of effective therapy. Chemotherapy used for other small cell neuroendocrine cancers is the mainstay of treatment; however, more targeted approaches are being developed based on an emerging understanding of this aggressive form of prostate cancer. This chapter provides an in-depth overview of most recent genomic alterations of this lethal subtype of the disease.

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Abbreviations

AR:

Androgen receptor

CRPC:

Castration-resistant prostate cancer

NEPC:

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA

    Shaham Beg M.D.

  2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA

    Juan Miguel Mosquera M.D., M.Sc.

  3. Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA

    Juan Miguel Mosquera M.D., M.Sc.

Authors
  1. Shaham Beg M.D.
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  2. Juan Miguel Mosquera M.D., M.Sc.
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Correspondence to Juan Miguel Mosquera M.D., M.Sc. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA

    Brian D. Robinson

  2. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA

    Juan Miguel Mosquera

  3. Institute for Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, Texas, USA

    Jae Y. Ro

  4. Institute for Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, Texas, USA

    Mukul Divatia

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Beg, S., Mosquera, J.M. (2018). Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer. In: Robinson, B., Mosquera, J., Ro, J., Divatia, M. (eds) Precision Molecular Pathology of Prostate Cancer. Molecular Pathology Library. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64096-9_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64096-9_19

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