Skip to main content

Remote Sensing as a Tool for Analysing Channel Dynamics and Geomorphic Effects of Floods

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Flood Monitoring through Remote Sensing

Part of the book series: Springer Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry ((SPRINGERREMO))

Abstract

Over the past two decades, the use of optical remote sensing in fluvial geomorphology has become widely employed for several applications, due to improvements in geospatial technologies and data availability. However, applications focused on change detection of channel dynamics and geomorphic response to individual flood events are still relatively rare. Insights into the complexity of interactions driving geomorphic changes might be obtained by application of diverse remote sensing approaches, depending on several factors (e.g. temporal and spatial resolution, magnitude of detected change). An overview about remote sensing as a tool for channel dynamics and geomorphic response to flood detection is illustrated, including discussion about advantages and limitations of optical remote sensing.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Allen, G.H., Pavelsky, T.M.: Patterns of river width and surface area revealed by the satellite-derived north American River width data set. Geophys. Res. Lett. 42, 395–402 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062764

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Baker, V.R.: Stream-channel response to floods, with examples from central Texas. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 88(8), 1057–1071 (1977)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Bizzi, S., Lerner, D.N.: The use of stream power as an indicator of channel sensitivity to erosion and deposition processes. River Res. Applic. 31, 16–27 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2717

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bledsoe, B.P., Watson, C.C.: Logistic analysis of channel pattern thresholds: Meandering, braiding, and incising. Geomorphology. 38, 281–300 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Brasington, J., Rumsby, B.T., McVey, R.A.: Monitoring and modelling morphological change in a braided gravel-bed river using high-resolution GPS-based survey. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 25, 973–990 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Bryant, R.G., Gilvear, D.J.: Quantifying geomorphic and riparian land cover changes either side of a large flood event using airborne remote sensing: River Tay, Scotland. Geomorphology. 29, 307–321 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Buraas, E.M., Renshaw, C.E., Magilligan, F.J., Dade, W.B.: Impact of reach geometry on stream channel sensitivity to extreme floods. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 39, 1778–1789 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Carbonneau, P.E., Piégay, H.: Introduction: the growing use of imagery in fundamental and applied river sciences. In: Carbonneau, P., Piégay, H. (eds.) Fluvial Remote Sensing for Science and Management, pp. 1–18. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, UK (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Carbonneau, P.E., Piégay, H., Lejot, J., Dunford, R., Michel, K.: Hyperspatial imagery in riverine environments. In: Carbonneau, P., Piégay, H. (eds.) Fluvial Remote Sensing for Science and Management, pp. 163–191. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, UK (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Cavalli, M., Trevisani, S., Comiti, F., Marchi, L.: Geomorphometric assessment of spatial sediment connectivity in small Alpine catchments. Geomorphology. 188, 31–41 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.05.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Chandler, J., Ashmore, P., Paola, C., Gooch, M., Varkaris, F.: Monitoring River-Channel change using terrestrial oblique digital imagery and automated digital photogrammetry. Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr. 92(4), 631–644 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8306.00308

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Costa, J.E., O’Connor, J.E.: Geomorphically effective floods. In: Costa, J.E., Miller, A.J., Potter, K.W., Wilcock, P. (eds.) Natural and Anthropogenic Influences in Fluvial Geomorphology Monograph, vol. 89, pp. 45–56. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC (1995)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Crosilla, F., Macorig, D., Scaioni, M., Sebastianutti, I., Visintini, D.: Lidar data filtering and classification by skewness and kurtosis iterative analysis of multiple point cloud data categories. Appl. Geomatics. 5(3), 225–240 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Dethier, E., Magilligan, F.J., Renshaw, C.E., Nislow, K.H.: The role of chronic and episodic disturbances on channel–hillslope coupling: The persistence and legacy of extreme floods. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 41, 1437–1447 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/esp3958

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Dewan, A.M., Islam, M.M., Kumamoto, T., Nishigaki, M.: Evaluating flood hazard for land-use planning in Greater Dhaka of Bangladesh using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Water Resour. Manag. 21, 1601–1612 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269–006–9116-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Ferencevic, M.V., Ashmore, P.: Creating and evaluating digital elevation model-based stream-power map as a stream assessment tool. River Res. Appl. 28, 1394–1416 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Fonstad, M.J.: Hyperspectral Imagery in Fluvial Environments. In: Carbonneau, P.E., Piégay, H. (eds.) Fluvial Remote Sensing for Science and Management. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK (2012). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119940791.ch4

    Google Scholar 

  18. Fonstad, M.A., Marcus, W.A.: High resolution, basin extent observations and implications for understanding river form and process. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 35(6), 680–698 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Gilvear, D.J., Davids, C., Tyler, A.N.: The use of remotely sensed data on channel hydromorphology. River Tummel, Scotl. River Res. Applic. 20, 1–17 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1002/rra792

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Gilvear, D.J., Bryant, R.: Analysis of aerial photography and other remotely sensed data. In: Kondolf, G.M., Piégay, H. (eds.) Tools in fluvial geomorphology, pp. 133–168. Wiley, London (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Gilvear, D., Winterbottom, S., Sichingabula, H.: Character of channel planform change and meander development: Luangwa River, Zambia. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 25, 421–436 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Ghoshal, S., James, L.A., Singer, M.B., Aalto, R.: Channel and floodplain change analysis over a 100-year period: Lower Yuba River, California. Remote Sens. 2, 1797–1825 (2010). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs2071797

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Grove, J.R., Croke, J., Thompson, C.: Quantifying different riverbank erosion processes during an extreme flood event. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 38, 1393–1406 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1002/esp3386

    Google Scholar 

  24. Gupta, A., Fox, H.: Effects of high magnitude floods on channel form: A case study in the Maryland Piedmont. Water Resour. Res. 10, 499–509 (1974)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Gurnell, A.M.: Channel change of the river Dee meanders, 1946–1992, from the analysis of air photographs regulated rivers. Res. Manag. 13, 13–26 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Heritage, G.L., Large, A.R.G., Moon, B.P., Jewitt, G.: Channel hydraulics and geomorphic effects of an extreme flood event on the Sabie River, South Africa. Catena. 58, 151–181 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Hooke, J.M.: Cutoffs galore!: Occurrence and causes of multiple cutoffs on a meandering river. Geomorphology. 61(3–4), 225–238 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Hooke, J.M.: Temporal variations in fluvial processes on an active meandering river over a 20-year period. Geomorphology. 100, 3–13 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Hooke, J.M., Yorke, L.: Rates, distributions and mechanisms of change in meander morphology over decadal timescales, River Dane, UK. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 35, 1601–1614 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Hughes, M.L., McDowell, P.F., Marcus, W.A.: Accuracy assessment of georectified aerial photographs: Implications for measuring lateral channel movement in a GIS. Geomorphology. 74, 1–16 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Jordan, D.C., Fonstad, M.A.: Two-Dimensional mapping of river bathymetry and power using aerial photography and GIS on the Brazos river, Texas. Geocarto Inter. 20(3), 1–8 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Joyce, K.E., Belliss, S.E., Samsonov, S.V., McNeill, S.J., Glassey, P.J.: A review of the status of satellite remote sensing and image processing techniques for mapping natural hazards and disasters. Prog. Phys. Geogr. 33(2), 1–25 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1177/0309133309339563

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Krapesch, G., Hauer, C., Habersack, H.: Scale orientated analysis of river width changes due to extreme flood hazard. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. 11, 2137–2147 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Kumar, R., Kamal, V., Singh, R.K.: Geomorphic effects of 2011 floods on channel belt parameters of Rapti river: A remote sensing and GIS approach. Coron. J. Sci. Technol. 2(II), 4–12 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Lane, S.N., Widdison, P.E., Thomas, R.E., Ashworth, P.J., Best, J.L., Lunt, I.A., Sambrook Smith, G.H., Simpson, C.J.: Quantification of braided river channel change using archival digital image analysis. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 35, 971–985 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Lane, S.N., Westaway, R.M., Hicks, D.M.: Estimation of erosion and deposition volumes in a large, gravel bed, braided river using synoptic remote sensing. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 28(3), 249–271 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Lane, S.N., Chandler, J.H., Porfiri, K.: Monitoring river channel and flume surfaces with digital photogrammetry. J. Hydraul. Eng. 127, 871 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Lane, S., Richards, K., Chandler, J.: Developments in photogrammetry – the geomorphological potential. Prog. Phys. Geogr. 17(3), 306–328 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Lea, D.M., Legleiter, C.J.: Refining measurements of lateral channel movement from image time series by quantifying spatial variations in registration error. Geomorphology. 258, 11–20 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Legleiter, C.J., Roberts, D.A., Marcus, W.A., Fonstad, M.A.: Passive optical remote sensing of river channel morphology and in-stream habitat: Physical basis and feasibility. Remote Sens. Environ. 93, 493–510 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Legleiter, C.J., Roberts, D.A., Lawrence, R.L.: Spectrally based remote sensing of river bathymetry. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 34, 1039–1059 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Legleiter, C.J., Fonstad, M.A.: An introduction to the physical basis for deriving river information by optical remote sensing. In: Carbonneau, P., Piégay, H. (eds.) Fluvial Remote Sensing for Science and Management, pp. 43–69. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, UK (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  43. Leopold, L.B., Maddock, T.J.: Hydraulic geometry of stream channels and some physiographic implications. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 252, 55 (1953)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Lichter, M., Klein, M.: The effect of river floods on the morphology of small river mouths in the southeastern Mediterranean Zeitschriftfür. Geomorphology. 55(3), 317–340 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Lu, D., Mausel, P., Brondizio, E., Moran, E.: Change detection techniques. Int. J. Remote Sens. 25(12), 2365–2407 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Magilligan, F.J., Buraas, E.M., Renshaw, C.E.: The efficacy of stream power and flow duration on geomorphic responses to catastrophic flooding. Geomorphology. 228, 175–188 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Magilligan, F.J., Gomez, B., Mertes, L.A.K., Smith, L.C., Smith, N.D., Finnegan, D., Garvin, J.B.: Geomorphic effectiveness, sandur development, and the pattern of landscape response during jökulhlaups: Skeiðarársandur, southeastern Iceland. Geomorphology. 44, 95–113 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Magilligan, F.J.: Thresholds and the spatial variability of flood power during extreme floods. Geomorphology. 5, 373–390 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Marcus, W.A., Fonstad, M.A., Legleiter, C.J.: Management applications of optical remote sensing in the active river channel. In: Carbonneau, P., Piégay, H. (eds.) Fluvial Remote Sensing for Science and Management, pp. 19–41. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, UK (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  50. Marcus, W.A., Fonstad, M.A.: Optical remote mapping of rivers at sub-meter resolutions and watershed extents. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 33, 4–24 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1002/esp1637

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Mertes, L.A.K.: Remote sensing of riverine landscapes. Freshw. Biol. 47, 799–816 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Milan, D.J.: Geomorphic impact and system recovery following an extreme flood in an upland stream: Thinhope Burn, northern England, UK. Geomorphology. 138, 319–328 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Miller, A.J.: Flood hydrology and geomorphic effectiveness in the central Appalachians. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 15, 119–113 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Milton, J.A., Gilvear, D.J., Hooper, I.D.: Investigating river channel changes using remote sensed data. In: Gurnell, A., Petts, G.E. (eds.) Changing River Channels, pp. 277–301. Wiley, Chichester (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  55. Mount, N.J., Louis, J.: Estimation and propagation of error in measurements of river channel movement from aerial imagery. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 30, 635–643 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Nardi, L., Rinaldi, M.: Spatio-temporal patterns of channel changes in response to a major flood event: The case of the Magra River (central-northern Italy). Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 40, 326–339 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Ortega, J.A., Guillermina, G.H.: Geomorphological and sedimentological analysis of flash-flood deposits the case of the 1997 Rivillas flood (Spain). Geomorphology. 112, 1–14 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Pan, Z., Glennie, C., Legleiter, C., Overstreet, B.: Estimation of water depths and turbidity from hyperspectral imagery using support vector regression. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 12(10), 2165–2169 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Peixoto, J.M.A., Nelson, B.W., Wittmann, F.: Spatial and temporal dynamics of river channel migration and vegetation in central Amazonian white-water floodplains by remote-sensing techniques. Remote Sens. Environ. 113, 2258–2266 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Perignon, M.C., Tucker, G.E., Griffin, E.R., Friedman, J.M.: Effects of riparian vegetation on topographic change during a large flood event, Rio Puerco, New Mexico, USA. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 118, 1193–1209 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrf.20073

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Piégay, H., Darby, S.E., Mosselman, E., Surian, N.: A review of techniques available for delimiting the erodible river corridor: A sustainable approach to managing bank erosion. River Res. Appl. 21, 773–789 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Piégay, H., Kondolf, G.M., Minearc, J.T., Vaudora, L.: Trends in publications in fluvial geomorphology over two decades: A truly new era in the discipline owing to recent technological revolution? Geomorphology. 248, 489–500 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Phillips, J.D.: Geomorphic impacts of flash flooding in a forested 828 headwater basin. J. Hydrol. 269, 236–250 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Pradhan, B.: Flood susceptible mapping and risk area delineation using logistic regression, GIS and remote sensing. J. Spat. Hydrol. 9(2), 1–18 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  65. Priestnall, G., Aplin, P.: Spatial and temporal remote sensing requirements for river monitoring international. J. Remote Sens. 27(11), 2111–2120 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Puech, C., Raclot, D.: Using geographical information systems and aerial photographs to determine water levels during floods. Hydrol. Process. 16(8), 1593–1602 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Rango, A., Laliberte, A., Herrick, J.E., Winters, C., Havstad, K., Steele, C., Browning, D.: Unmanned aerial vehicle based remote sensing for rangeland assessment, monitoring, and management. J. Appl. Remote Sens. 3, 1–15 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.3216822

    Google Scholar 

  68. Richardson, J.M., Fuller, I.C.: Quantification of Channel Planform Change on the Lower Rangitikei River, New Zealand, 1949–2007: Response to Management? Massey University School of People, Environment and Planning, Palmerston (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  69. Rinaldi, M., Simoncini, C., Piégay, H.: Scientific strategy design for promoting a sustainable sediment management: The case of the Magra River (Central – Northern Italy). River Res. Appl. 25, 607–625 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1002/rra1243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Rinaldi, M., Surian, N., Comiti, F., Bussettini, M.: A method for the assessment and analysis of the hydromorphological condition of Italian streams: The Morphological Quality Index (MQI). Geomorphology. 180–181, 96–108 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/jgeomorph201209009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. Rinaldi, M., Amponsah, W., Benvenuti, M., Borga, M., Comiti, F., Lucìa, A., Marchi, L., Nardi, L., Righini, M., Surian, N.: An integrated approach for investigating geomorphic response to extreme events: Methodological framework and application to the October 2011 flood in the Magra River catchment, Italy. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 41, 835–846 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3902

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. Righini, M.: Geomorphic response to extreme floods in alluvial and semi-alluvial rivers, Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Padua. (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  73. Sanyal, J., Lu, X.X.: Application of remote sensing in flood management with special reference to monsoon Asia: A review. Nat. Hazards. 33, 283–301 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. Schumm, S.A., Lichty, R.W.: Channel widening and floodplain construction along Cimarron River in southwestern Kansas. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 352D, 71–88 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  75. Singh, A.: Review article. Digital change detection techniques using remotely-sensed data. Int. J. Remote Sens. 10(6), 989–1003 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1080/01431168908903939

  76. Sloan, J., Miller, J.R., Lancaster, N.: Response and recovery of the Eel River, California, and its tributaries to floods in 1955, 1964 and 1997. Geomorphology. 36, 129–154 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Smith, L.C.: Satellite remote sensing of river inundation area, stage, and discharge: A review. Hydrol. Process. 11, 1427–1439 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. Stweart, J.H., La Marche, V.C. Jr: Erosion and deposition produced by the flood of December 1964 on Coffee Creek, Trinity County, California. U.S. Geol Survey Prof Paper 422K (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  79. Surian, N., Rinaldi, M., Pellegrini, L., Audisio, C., Maraga, F., Teruggi, L., Turitto, O., Ziliani, L.: Channel adjustments in northern and central Italy over the last 200 years. In: James, L.A., Rathburn, S.L., Whittecar, G.R. (eds.) Management and Restoration of Fluvial Systems with Broad Historical Changes and Human Impacts Special Paper, 451, pp. 83–95. Geological Society of America, Boulder (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  80. Surian, N., Righini, M., Lucìa, A., Nardi, L., Amponsah, M., Benvenuti, M., Borga, M., Cavalli, M., Comiti, F., Marchi, L., Rinaldi, M., Viero, A.: Channel response to extreme floods: Insights on controlling factors from six mountain rivers in northern Apennines, Italy. Geomorphology. 272, 78–91 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.02.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. Tamminga, A.D., Eaton, B.C., Hugenholtz, C.H.: UAS-based remote sensing of fluvial change following an extreme flood event. Earth Surf. Proc. Landf. 40, 1464–1476 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/esp3728

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. Tholey, N., Clandillon, S., De Fraipont, P.: The contribution of spaceborne SAR and optical data in monitoring flood events: Examples in northern and southern France. Hydrol. Process. 11, 1409–1413 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Thompson, C., Croke, J.: Geomorphic effects, flood power, and channel competence of a catastrophic flood in confined and unconfined reaches of the upper Lockyer valley, southeast Queensland, Australia. Geomorphology. 197, 156–169 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Walsh, S.J., Butler, D.R., Malanson, G.P.: An overview of scale, pattern, process relationships in geomorphology: A remote sensing and GIS perspective. Geomorphology. 21, 183–205 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Wohl, E.: Time and the rivers flowing: Fluvial geomorphology since 1960. Geomorphology. 216, 263–282 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. Wolman, M.G., Gerson, R.: Relative scales of time 854 and effectiveness of climate in watershed geomorphology. Earth Surf. Proc. Landf. 3, 189–208 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  87. Wolman, M.G., Miller, J.P.: Magnitude and frequency of forces in geomorphic processes. J. Geol. 68, 54–74 (1960)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  88. Woodget, A., Carbonneau, P., Visser, F., Maddock, I.: Quantifying submerged fluvial topography using hyperspatial resolution UAS imagery and structure from motion photogrammetry. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 40(1), 47–64 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. Yang, X., Damen, M.C.J., Van Zuidam, R.A.: Satellite remote sensing and GIS for the analysis of channel migration changes in the active Yellow River Delta, China. JAG l. 1(2), 146–157 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Fondazione Cariparo is gratefully acknowledged for funding M. Righini PhD fellowship. We thank the anonymous reviewers and the book editors for their comments and helpful suggestions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Margherita Righini .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Righini, M., Surian, N. (2018). Remote Sensing as a Tool for Analysing Channel Dynamics and Geomorphic Effects of Floods. In: Refice, A., D'Addabbo, A., Capolongo, D. (eds) Flood Monitoring through Remote Sensing. Springer Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63959-8_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics