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Precision Medicine, CRISPR, and Genome Engineering pp 45–74Cite as

From Reductionism to Holism: Toward a More Complete View of Development Through Genome Engineering

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1016))

Abstract

Paradigm shifts in science are often coupled to technological advances. New techniques offer new roads of discovery; but, more than this, they shape the way scientists approach questions. Developmental biology exemplifies this idea both in its past and present. The rise of molecular biology and genetics in the late twentieth century shifted the focus from the anatomical to the molecular, nudging the underlying philosophy from holism to reductionism. Developmental biology is currently experiencing yet another transformation triggered by ‘-omics’ technology and propelled forward by CRISPR genome engineering (GE). Together, these technologies are helping to reawaken a holistic approach to development. Herein, we focus on CRISPR GE and its potential to reveal principles of development at the level of the genome, the epigenome, and the cell. Within each stage we illustrate how GE can move past pure reductionism and embrace holism, ultimately delivering a more complete view of development.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and Systems Biology, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, 612 West 130th Street, 9th Floor, New York, NY, 10027, USA

    Rebecca K. Delker Ph.D. & Richard S. Mann Ph.D.

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  1. Departments of Ophthalmology, Pathology & Cell Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Graduate Program in Neurobiology & Behavior, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA

    Stephen H. Tsang

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Delker, R.K., Mann, R.S. (2017). From Reductionism to Holism: Toward a More Complete View of Development Through Genome Engineering. In: Tsang, S. (eds) Precision Medicine, CRISPR, and Genome Engineering. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1016. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63904-8_3

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