Abstract
In response to underdeveloped academic speaking skills of students studying an English for Academic Purposes program in Canada, Chapter 8 introduces a ‘Six Thinking Hats’ approach to academic speaking. These six elements include summarizing, expressing opinions, clarifying, forecasting, and providing alternative ideas, all functional skills needed to engage in academic group spoken discourse. The authors provide sample language for each function and a coordinated plan to encourage student use thereof.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Biber, D., & Barbieri, F. (2007). Lexical bundles in university spoken and written registers. English for Specific Purposes, 26, 263–286.
Crystal, D. (1985). A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics. Oxford: Blackwell.
de Bono, E. (1993). Teach your child how to think. London: Penguin Books.
Gatbonton, E., & Segalowitz, N. (2005). Rethinking communicative language teaching: A focus on access to fluency. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 61(3), 325–353.
Goh, C., & Burns, A. (2012). Teaching speaking: A holistic approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Halliday, M. A. K. (1994). An introduction to functional grammar (2nd ed.). London: Edward Arnold.
Hamp-Lyons, L. (2011). English for academic purposes. In R. Carter & D. Nunan (Eds.), The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages (13th ed., pp. 126–130). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ishihara, N., & Cohen, A. D. (2010). Teaching and learning pragmatics: Where language and culture meet. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
Jordan, R. R. (2003). English for Academic purposes: A guide and resource book for teachers (5th ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon Press Inc.
Martin, J. R. (2009). Genre and language learning: A social semiotic perspective. Linguistics and Education, 20, 10–21.
Norris, J. M., & Ortega, L. (2000). Effectiveness of L2 instruction: A research synthesis and quantitative meta-analysis. Language Learning, 50(3), 417–528.
O’Malley, J. M., Chamot, A. U., Stewner-Manzanares, G., Russo, R. P., & Kuper, L. (1985). Learning strategy applications with students of English as a second language. TESOL Quarterly, 19(3), 557–584.
Student Outcomes Reporting Systems. (2014). Available at: http://www.bcit.ca/ir/bcit_facts_and_figures.shtml. Accessed 6 September, 2015.
Swain, M. (1985). Communicative competence: Some roles of comprehensible input and comprehensible output in its development. In S. M. Gass & C. G. Madden (Eds.), Input in second language acquisition (pp. 235–253). Cambridge, MA: Newbury House Publishers.
Thornbury, S. (2005). How to teach speaking. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Questions for Reflection
Questions for Reflection
-
1.
What are the contexts where your students will most likely need to interact effectively in spoken English, now or in the future?
-
2.
What are the three greatest challenges that your students face in working collaboratively with others in the English classroom?
-
3.
How might the Six Hats approach enable you to systematically address the language learning challenges that your students face?
-
4.
Could the Six Hats approach be used with beginner or intermediate level language learners? If so, how?
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pang, W., Burri, M. (2018). Teaching Dialogic Speaking Strategies in a Canadian EAP Program. In: Burns, A., Siegel, J. (eds) International Perspectives on Teaching the Four Skills in ELT. International Perspectives on English Language Teaching. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63444-9_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63444-9_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-63443-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-63444-9
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)