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Obesity and Brain Function pp 117–150Cite as

Diabesity and Brain Energy Metabolism: The Case of Alzheimer’s Disease

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Part of the book series: Advances in Neurobiology ((NEUROBIOL,volume 19))

Abstract

It is widely accepted that high calorie diets and a sedentary lifestyle sturdily influence the incidence and outcome of type 2 diabetes and obesity, which can occur simultaneously, a situation called diabesity. Tightly linked with metabolic and energy regulation, a close association between diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been proposed. Among the common pathogenic mechanisms that underpin both conditions, insulin resistance, brain glucose hypometabolism, and metabolic dyshomeostasis appear to have a pivotal role. This century is an unprecedented diabetogenic period in human history, so therapeutic strategies and/or approaches to control and/or revert this evolving epidemic is of utmost importance. This chapter will make a brief contextualization about the impact that diabetes and obesity can exert in brain structure and function alongside with a brief survey about the role of insulin in normal brain function, exploring its roles in cognition and brain glucose metabolism. Later, attention will be given to the intricate relation of diabesity, insulin resistance, and AD. Finally, both pharmacological and lifestyle interventions will also be reviewed as strategies aimed at fighting diabesity and/or AD-related metabolic effects.

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Acknowledgments

The authors’ work is supported by FEDER funds through the Operational Programme Competitiveness Factors—COMPETE and national funds by FCT—Foundation for Science and Technology under the project (PEst-C/SAU/LA0001/2013-2014) and strategic project UID/NEU/04539/2013. Susana Cardoso is recipient of a PostDoc fellowship from the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (SFRH/BPD/95770/2013).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Susana Cardoso

  2. CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Susana Cardoso & Paula I. Moreira

  3. Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences—IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Raquel Seiça & Paula I. Moreira

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  1. Susana Cardoso
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  2. Raquel Seiça
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  3. Paula I. Moreira
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Correspondence to Susana Cardoso .

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  1. Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences—IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Liliana Letra

  2. Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences—IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Raquel Seiça

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Cardoso, S., Seiça, R., Moreira, P.I. (2017). Diabesity and Brain Energy Metabolism: The Case of Alzheimer’s Disease. In: Letra, L., Seiça, R. (eds) Obesity and Brain Function. Advances in Neurobiology, vol 19. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63260-5_5

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