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Undergraduate Ultrasound Education

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Abstract

Point of care ultrasound education has become prominent in undergraduate medical school training. This chapter discusses the development of a medical school POCUS program starting from a needs assessment to curriculum development. It also covers the management issues with initiation, maintenance, and growth of medical school POCUS programs.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA

    David P. Bahner MD, FACEP

  2. Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Tulsa, OK, USA

    Nelson A. Royall MD

Authors
  1. David P. Bahner MD, FACEP
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  2. Nelson A. Royall MD
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA

    Vivek S. Tayal

  2. Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Francis Hospital, Columbus Georgia, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA

    Michael Blaivas

  3. Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, Illinois, USA

    Troy R Foster

Appendices

Appendix 7.1 Sample Undergraduate Medical Education (UME) Integrated Vertical Ultrasound Curriculum

Medical School Year 1

3 Months

7 Months

2 Months

Gross Anatomy and Laboratory

Basic Science Curriculum

Vacation

Musculoskeletal anatomy US

Thorax, abdomen and pelvis anatomy US

Head and neck anatomy US

Introduction to focused US

Medical School Year 2

8 Months

2 Weeks

2 Months

Basic science curriculum

Introduction to clinical medicine

Vacation

Basic focused US protocols

US-guided vascular access

*Ultrasound model pool elective

Medical School Year 3

8 Weeks

8 Weeks

8 Weeks

8 Weeks

8 Weeks

6 Weeks

2 Weeks

Internal medicine

Pediatrics

Family medicine

General surgery

Neurology/psychiatry

Obstetrics-gynecology

Clinical topics

Integrated specialty-based hands-on US experience

Core focused US protocols

Medical School Year 4

1 Month

1 Month

1 Month

1 Month

7 Months

Emergency medicine rotation

Ambulatory medicine rotation

Chronic care rotation

Sub-internship rotation

Elective rotations

Emergency US

Integrated specialty-based hands-on US experience

*Advanced course in focused US elective

Medical School Year 1

US in Anatomy

  • 12 h (four 3-h) Lectures: Basic physics, knobology, scanning techniques, and image acquisition in cadaver lab

  • 12 h (four 3-h) Hands-On Sessions: Practical scanning on cadavers and student models

Introduction to Focused US

  • 10 h (five 2-h) Lectures: Basic science principles, I-AIM introduction, common focused US protocols

  • 12 h (six 2-h) Hands-On Sessions: Practical scanning on student models and simulators

Total: 46 h

Medical School Year 2

Basic Focused US Protocols

  • 12 h (six 2-h) Lectures and Hands-On Sessions: Focused US protocols and US procedural guidance

US Vascular-Guided Access

  • 2 h Lecture and Hands-On Session: US-guided vascular access and simulator use

US Model Pool Elective

  • 12 h (six 2-h) Volunteer Student Modeling for Hands-On Sessions

Total: 14 h (26 h with Elective)

Medical School Year 3

Integrated Specialty-Based Hands-On US Experience

  • 12 h (six 2-h) Lectures and Hands-On Session: Focused US for each specialty rotation with student models/simulators

  • Variable Hours Hands-On Clinical Sessions: Rotation-specific hands-on experience with patients

Core Focused US Protocols

  • 8 h (four 2-h) Lectures and Hands-On Session: Focused US protocol review and student model/simulators

Total: 20 h

Medical School Year 4

Emergency US Rotation

  • 2 h Lectures and Hands-On Session: Emergency US protocols with student models/simulators

  • Variable Hours Hands-On Clinical Sessions: Emergency Department patient hands-on experience

Integrated Specialty-Based Hands-On US Experience

  • Variable Hours Hands-On Clinical Sessions: Rotation-specific patient hands-on experience

Advanced Course in Focused US Elective

  • 20 h (ten 2-h) Lectures: Advanced topics in focused US

  • 20 h (ten 2-h) Hands-On Sessions: Proctored hands-on sessions with student models/simulators

  • 20 h (ten 2-h) Journal Club Sessions: Literature review of focused US topics

  • 15 h Independent Hands-On Sessions: Student-directed hands-on experience with student models/simulators

  • 4 h (two 2-h) Hands-On Clinical Sessions: Intensive Care and Emergency Department proctored patient hands-on experiences

Total: ~2–5 h (≥81 h with Elective)

Appendix 7.2 Summary of Free Open Access Medical Education (FOAMed) Ultrasound Resources

Curriculum design

• AIUM ultrasound in medical education portal (http://meded.aium.org/home)

Reading materials

• Ultrasound guide for emergency physicians (www.sonoguide.om)

Video lectures

• Academy of emergency ultrasound (http://vimeo.com/channels/aeus/videos)

• Emergency bedside ultrasound training series (http://learn-us.vanderbiltem.com)

• Emergency ultrasound teaching (http://emergencyultrasoundteaching.com)

• Mount Sinai emergency ultrasound (www.youtube.com/user/SinaiEMultrasound)

• University of California-Irvine critical care ultrasound (https//itunes.apple.com/us/itunes-u/ucimc-ultrasound-education/id452550953)

• University of South Carolina School of Medicine Ultrasound Institute (http://ultrasoundinstitute.med.sc.du)

Proficiency assessments

• Emergency ultrasound exam (www.emsono.com/acep/exam.html)

• Emergency ultrasound teaching (http://emergencyultrasoundteaching.com)

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Bahner, D.P., Royall, N.A. (2018). Undergraduate Ultrasound Education. In: Tayal, V., Blaivas, M., Foster, T. (eds) Ultrasound Program Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63143-1_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63143-1_7

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-63141-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-63143-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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