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Psychosocial Risks in Labour and Social Security Law pp 345–357Cite as

Psychosocial Risks in Social Security Law: Comparative Analysis of France and Northern Europe

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Part of the book series: Aligning Perspectives on Health, Safety and Well-Being ((AHSW))

Abstract

While it is difficult to measure well-being and determine with any certainty which factors are important for a “good life”, we are now able to evaluate the quality of life using generally agreed indicators and identify harmful or pathogenic environments. A number of studies published in 2013 showed the incontrovertible impact of working conditions on employee absence for health reasons and demonstrated the link between quality of life at work and human well-being. Psychosocial risks at work are now recognised and unanimously deplored. This recently-coined term refers both to risk and disorders related to work organisation, as well as the relationship between workers and their work environment. These risks have increased rapidly in France, as in all industrialised countries, and are now appearing in emerging countries. China, for example, has recently contacted the International Labour Organisation (ILO) on how to manage psychosocial risks and several African States are beginning to address the issue.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Stiglitz J. E., Sen, A. Fitoussi J.-P., Rapport de la Commission sur la mesure des performances économiques et du progrès social, 2009, especially p. 159 et 191 et seq.

  2. 2.

    DARES, “Les absences au travail des salariés pour raisons de santé: un rôle important des conditions de travail”, Analyses, Feb. 2013, n°009; Amiel M.-H., Godefroy P., Lollivier S., “Qualité de vie et bien-être vont souvent de pair”, Insee Première, n° 1428, January 2013; La prévention des risques psychosociaux, Avis du Conseil économique, social et environnement, éd. des Journaux officiels, May 2013; See also: Bouffartigue P., “Mesurer les risques psychosociaux?”, halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr.

  3. 3.

    Its emergence dates from the mid-2000s. see Valléry G., Leduc S., Les risques psychosociaux, PUF, coll. Que sais-je?, n° 3958, 2012.

  4. 4.

    Lerouge L., “Risques psychosociaux au travail (RPS): passer d’une logique de réparation à une logique de prévention”, http://anglesdroit.hypotheses.org/749.

  5. 5.

    Le Monde, 28 April 2011.

  6. 6.

    Richard-Molard M., “La directive Cadre 89/391/CE du 12 juin 1989: application aux risques psychosociaux” and H. Tissandier, “Risques psychosociaux et CJUE” in Lerouge L. Les risques psychosociaux en Europe Analyse jurisprudentielle, L’Harmattan, 2013, p. 118 and p. 29.

  7. 7.

    ILO 2002, Stress at work. Programme on Safety and Health at Work and the Environment, Genève, Safework, 2002.

  8. 8.

    EUROGIP, Quelle reconnaissance des pathologies psychiques liées au travail? study report 81/F, Feb. 2013.

  9. 9.

    Only Denmark has included psychological disorders on the list of occupational diseases, in 2005.

  10. 10.

    http://www.cleiss.fr.

  11. 11.

    As far as the courts are concerned, this does not include individuals lacking the requisite experience or training, the physically frail, or the elderly.

  12. 12.

    Social Insurance Act, §13–3.

  13. 13.

    Recommendations of 23 July.1962 and 20 July 1966; ILO, Convention 42 of 1934 and 121 of 1964.

  14. 14.

    Inclusion of post-traumatic stress in the Guide to Occupational Diseases in 2005; recognition in the event of exposure to “traumatising events or situations, for long or short periods, that are exceptionally threatening or catastrophic”.

  15. 15.

    Swedish and Spanish law are the only European exceptions.

  16. 16.

    Law entitled “Various provisions concerning occupational pathologies”; “Accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles en Suède”, http://www.societesnordiques.wordpress.com; http://www.cleiss.fr. See also this website: http://ec.europa.eu/employment_social/empl_portal/SSRinEU/Your%20social%20security%20rights%20in%20Sweden_en.pdf.

  17. 17.

    Less rigorous than the 1993 law which demanded a “high probability”.

  18. 18.

    Equivalent to the Belgian Ministry of Employment and Labour: http://www.employment.belgium.be/home.aspx.

  19. 19.

    Social Insurance Agency, 2003: 4 Vägledning, version 9; Sunden A., “L’Autorité de l’environnement de travail suédoise et la jurisprudence sur les risques psychosociaux” in Lerouge L. (ed.), Les risques psychosociaux en Europe: Analyse jurisprudentielle, op. cit. p. 118.

  20. 20.

    Post-traumatic stress following an armed attack (Civ. 1st, 1 July. 2010); depression following an appraisal interview (Soc. 1 July. 2003).

  21. 21.

    Belgian Court of Cassation, 15 April 2002, RG S010079F.

  22. 22.

    Mons Labour Tribunal, 28 Feb. 1996, RG 12790.

  23. 23.

    The most frequent cases of post-traumatic stress occur among social workers, nurses, shop assistants, and bank employees.

  24. 24.

    Civ. 2nd, 22 Feb. 2007, LPA 6 April 2007, no. 70, p. 16, note L. Lerouge.

  25. 25.

    Antwerp Labour Tribunal, Jan. 2011, unpublished.

  26. 26.

    Social Insurance Agency, 1248-1996, Regeringsrättens Dom.

  27. 27.

    Civ. 2nd, 14 Sept 2006, no. 05-11110, unpublished; Soc. 15 Nov., no. 05-41489, bull. V, RDSS 2007, 356, note M. Badel; Tourreil J.-M., “Harcèlement moral reconnu comme maladie professionnelle: indemnisation due par l’employeur”, JSL, no. 201, 12 Dec. 2006, 20.

  28. 28.

    Regeringsrätten, 1815-09, 2010-11-29.

  29. 29.

    Swedish Social Insurance Agency, Jönköping, 3617-09, 2010-12-14.

  30. 30.

    Fixed premium insurance companies and mutual insurance funds recognised by the King on advice of the management committee of the Work-Related Accidents Fund.

  31. 31.

    Guarnieri F., “La Norvège et la gestion des accidents du travail et des maladies professionnelles”, Risque Sécurité Environnement, no. 11, March-April. 2012.

  32. 32.

    Gundt N., “Droit de la santé sécurité au travail et prévention des risques psychosociaux aux Pays-Bas” in Lerouge L. (ed.), Les risques psychosociaux en Europe: Analyse jurisprudentielle, op. cit. p.93.

  33. 33.

    HR 23 June 2006, JAR 2006/174 (Haverlans/Luyckx).

  34. 34.

    HR 11 Mar. 2005, JAR 2005/84 (ABN Amro/Nieuwenhuys).

  35. 35.

    Poucet V., “Risques psychosociaux et jurisprudence des juridictions du travail en Belgique” in Lerouge L. (ed.), Les risques psychosociaux en Europe Analyse jurisprudentielle, op. cit. p.51.

  36. 36.

    Soc. 21 June 2006, Ch. Radé, “Harcèlement moral et responsabilité au sein de l’entreprise: l’obscur éclaircissement”, Dr. soc., 2006, p. 826.

  37. 37.

    Aubert-Monpeyssen T., Blatman M., “Les risques psychosociaux et la jurisprudence française: la culture de la prevention” in Lerouge L. (ed.), in Les risques psychosociaux en Europe: Analyse jurisprudentielle, op. cit. p. 73.

  38. 38.

    Cour des comptes, “Les accidents du travail et les maladies professionnelles les faiblesses de la politique de prévention du régime général de sécurité sociale”, Rapport public annuel 2013, Feb. 2013, p. 338 et seq., http://www.ccomptes.fr.

  39. 39.

    A. Sunden, “L’Autorité de l’environnement de travail suédoise et la jurisprudence sur les risques psychosociaux”, op. cit.

  40. 40.

    Protection of workers’ health in Denmark and Sweden, Senate, Information report no. 591 (2011–2012), for the Social Affairs Commission, 13 June 2012.

  41. 41.

    “Werkwijzer arbeidsconflicten”; Pennings F., “The Netherlands” in international Encyclopaedia of Laws, Encyclopaedia of Social Security Law, (Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer Law International, loose-leaf).

  42. 42.

    Verbetering Wet Poortwachter.

  43. 43.

    Article L. 1226-10 Employment Code.

  44. 44.

    Soc. 7 Mar 2012, RDT, 2012, p. 358, obs. F. Héas.

  45. 45.

    Soc. 24 Oct. 1995, Bull. civ. V, no. 283, Dr. soc. 1996, p. 94, note D. Corrignan-Carsin.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Comparative Labour and Social Security Law (COMPTRASEC UMR 5114), CNRS—University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

    Maryse Badel

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  1. Maryse Badel
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Correspondence to Maryse Badel .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. COMPTRASEC UMR5114, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

    Loïc Lerouge

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Badel, M. (2017). Psychosocial Risks in Social Security Law: Comparative Analysis of France and Northern Europe. In: Lerouge, L. (eds) Psychosocial Risks in Labour and Social Security Law. Aligning Perspectives on Health, Safety and Well-Being. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63065-6_21

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